Recent Climate Trend And Its Impact On Water Resources

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

Quasi-stationary sequences of hyper massive neutron stars with exotic equations of state

In this work, we study the effect of differential rotation, finite temperature and strangeness on the quasi stationary sequences of hyper massive neutron stars (HMNS). We generate constant rest mass sequences of differentially rotating and uniformly rotating stars. The nucleonic matter relevant to the star interior is described within the framework of the relativistic mean field model with the DD2 parameter set. We also consider the strange $\Lambda$ hyperons using the BHB$\Lambda\phi$ equation of state (EoS). Additionally, we probe the behaviour of neutron stars (NS) with these compositions at different temperatures. We report that the addition of hyperons to the EoS produces a significant boost to the spin-up phenomenon. Moreover, increasing the temperature can make the spin-up more robust. We also study the impact of strangeness and thermal effects on the T/W instability. Finally, we analyse equilibrium sequences of a NS following a stable transition from differential rotation to uniform rotation. The decrease in frequency relative to angular momentum loss during this transition is significantly smaller for EoS containing hyperons, compared to nucleonic EoS.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Journal of Astrophysics and Astronom

The Future of Indiana’s Water Resources: A Report from the Indiana Climate Change Impacts Assessment

This report from the Indiana Climate Change Impacts Assessment (IN CCIA) applies climate change projections for the state to explore how continued changes in Indiana’s climate are going to affect all aspects of water resources, including soil water, evaporation, runoff, snow cover, streamflow, drought, and flooding. As local temperatures continue to rise and rainfall patterns shift, managing the multiple water needs of communities, natural systems, recreation, industry, and agriculture will become increasingly difficult. Ensuring that enough water is available in the right places and at the right times will require awareness of Indiana’s changing water resources and planning at regional and state levels

Climate variability and irrigation impacts on streamflows in a Karst watershed—A systematic evaluation

The study area is the Lower Flint River Basin which is at the center of water conflicts in the southeastern USA. This study focuses on a systematic evaluation and separation of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) induced droughts and irrigation water withdrawal impacts on flow levels using a novel and powerful statistical technique, called JRFit. JRFit procedure was applied to quantify significant differences in streamflows, baseflows, and low flow statistics during non-irrigation (NI) and irrigation (IR) periods associated with ENSO phases. The results indicate that overall streamflow levels have decreased by approximately 20% after the introduction of irrigation in the study area. Lowering of flow levels mainly occur during La Niña phases which gets exacerbated (decreased by 50%) during growing season of IR compared to NI periods. Flow duration curve analysis showed that the frequency of low flows has increased during IR period impairing aquatic ecosystem. This is the first time an elimination approach is used to separate and quantify the impacts of anthropogenic and climate signals on water resources. This approach avoids the need of using complex and data intensive groundwater/surface water models in studying climate-stream-aquifer interactions which can be replicated easily in other data scarce watersheds. This study provides useful information to policymakers to devise irrigation water withdrawal policies during La Niña growing seasons for maintaining flow levels in the study area

Non-Mulberry and Mulberry Silk Protein Sericins as Potential Media Supplement for Animal Cell Culture

Silk protein sericins, in the recent years, find application in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals and as biomaterials. We investigate the potential of sericin, extracted from both mulberry Bombyx mori and different non-mulberry sources, namely, tropical tasar, Antheraea mylitta; muga, Antheraea assama; and eri, Samia ricini, as growth supplement in serum-free culture medium. Sericin supplemented media containing different concentrations of sericins from the different species are examined for attachment, growth, proliferation, and morphology of fibrosarcoma cells. The optimum sericin supplementation seems to vary with the source of sericins. The results indicate that all the sericins promote the growth of L929 cells in serum-free culture media; however, S. ricini sericin seems to promote better growth of cells amongst other non-mulberry sericins

Glucose derived carbon nanosphere (CSP) conjugated TTK21, an activator of the histone acetyltransferases CBP/p300, ameliorates amyloid-beta 1-42 induced deficits in plasticity and associativity in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons

The master epigenetic regulator lysine acetyltransferase (KAT) p300/CBP plays a pivotal role in neuroplasticity and cognitive functions. Recent evidence has shown that in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), the expression level and function of p300/CBP are severely compromised, leading to altered gene expression causing pathological conditions. Here, we show that p300/CBP activation by a small-molecule TTK21, conjugated to carbon nanosphere (CSP) ameliorates Aβ-impaired long-term potentiation (LTP) induced by high-frequency stimulation, theta burst stimulation, and synaptic tagging/capture (STC). This functional rescue was correlated with CSP-TTK21-induced changes in transcription and translation. Mechanistically, we observed that the expression of a large number of synaptic plasticity- and memory-related genes was rescued, presumably by the restoration of p300/CBP mediated acetylation. Collectively, these results suggest that small-molecule activators of p300/CBP could be a potential therapeutic molecule for neurodegenerative diseases like AD.Ministry of Education (MOE)Ministry of Health (MOH)National University of Singapore (NUS), Temasek LaboratoriesPublished versionThis work was supported by Ministry of Health (MOH-000641-00), Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund. Tier 3 (MOE2017- T3-1-002), and NUSMED-FOS Joint Research Programme (NUHSRO/2018/075/NUSMed-FoS/01) grants to S.S. A part of this work is also supported by NUHS Seed Fund (NUHSRO/2020/145/RO5+6/Seed-Sep/05). T.K.K. was supported by Department of Biotechnology, Government of India project grant (BT/PR11756/NNT/28/764/2014) and JC Bose National Fellowship grant (JBR/2020/000029). A.K.S. acknowledges the financial support provided by the JNCASR Research Fellowship