Synthesis and Biological Activity of Some Triazolothiadiazoles

The synthesis of a series of novel 3-pyridyl-6-aryl-s-triazolo[3,4-b]-[1,3,4]-thiadiazoles is described. Fourteen new compounds were synthesized and characterized by spectral and elemental analyses. Some compounds were screened for antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa. Compounds containing aryl substituents at position 6 and the 1,2,4-triazole moiety at position 1 or 2 showed reasonable antibacterial activity.Keywords: 1,2,4-Triazole, thiadiazole, potassium dithiocarbazinate, hydrazine hydrate, antibacterial activit

Bulbar Urethral Diverticulum after Blunt Perineal Trauma: A Case Report

Partial injury of the urethra might lead to diverticulum formation and present in a delayed fashion with obstructive voiding symptoms. Herein, we present the case of an 18 year male who presented with urethral diverticulum. He was examined properly, evaluated thoroughly and managed by modified excision of the diverticulum and spongioplasty. In this report we discuss the possible mechanism of diverticulum formation, its treatment (with our modification) and the outcome. We also discuss the world literature related to this topic in brief

FABRICATION OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED FROM GANODERMA LUCIDUM INTO THE COTTON FABRIC AND ITS ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTY

Objectives: To synthesize and characterize the silver nanoparticles from the mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum and application of this nanoparicle into the cotton fabric to impart sterility.Methods: SNPs synthesised by using the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum, Resulted AgNPs fabricated cotton fabric was characterized using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) and silver nanoparticles produced from G. lucidum were characterized using UV-VIS Spectrophotometer, SEM, FE-SEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope), EDAX (Energy dispersion X-RAY spectroscopy)and XRD (X-ray diffraction spectroscpy). Then the incorporated cotton fabric was tested against 5 different strains.Results: The results showed that cotton fabric incorporated with AgNPs displayed significant antibacterial activity against all the selected strains.Conclusion: It was demonstrated that application of biologically synthesized AgNPs production and fabrication of cotton fabric, indicates sterile properties. Further it can be modified as perfect wound dressing material in the health care market. Moreover to avoid the damage to the environment the fabric containing silver nanoparticles can be treated with cyanogenic bacterial strains

Dynamic Shift from Cloud Computing to Industry 4.0: Eco-Friendly Choice or Climate Change Threat

Cloud computing utilizes thousands of Cloud Data Centres (CDC) and fulfils the demand of end-users dynamically using new technologies and paradigms such as Industry 4.0 and Internet of Things (IoT). With the emergence of Industry 4.0, the quality of cloud service has increased; however, CDC consumes a large amount of energy and produces a huge quantity of carbon footprint, which is one of the major drivers of climate change. This chapter discusses the impacts of cloud developments on climate and quantifies the carbon footprint of cloud computing in a warming world. Further, the dynamic transition from cloud computing to Industry 4.0 is discussed from an eco-friendly/climate change threat perspective. Finally, open research challenges and opportunities for prospective researchers are explored

Anakinra treats fulminant myocarditis from Neisseria meningitidis septicaemia and haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a case report

Background: Fulminant myocarditis is a life-threatening condition characterized by acute cardiac dysfunction requiring pharmacological or mechanical circulatory support. Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an uncommon state of immune dysregulation and overactivation. Inflammation mediated by interleukin-1 (IL-1) is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of myocarditis and HLH, and there is some evidence that the IL-1 receptor antagonist Anakinra may play a role in treating both these conditions. Case summary: A 26-year-old previously healthy male presented to the Emergency Department with a 3-day history of malaise, headache, vomiting, diarrhoea, and fever. He was profoundly hypotensive on arrival, diagnosed with septic shock, and commenced on broad-spectrum antibiotics and vasopressors. Blood tests showed lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, low fibrinogen and elevated high sensitivity troponin T, ferritin, and C-reactive protein. Echocardiography demonstrated severely impaired biventricular systolic function and a diagnosis of fulminant myocarditis was made. His condition deteriorated and he required intubation and additional inotropic support. A diagnosis of HLH was made and he was commenced on Anakinra and Methylprednisolone. His condition improved rapidly thereafter. Polymerase chain reaction testing subsequently confirmed infection with Neisseria meningitidis. Discussion: In this case, fulminant myocarditis and HLH were life-threatening manifestations of meningococcal septicaemia, and the patient’s condition improved rapidly following administration of the IL-1 receptor antagonist Anakinra. These complications should be borne in mind in septic patients with marked haemodynamic instability and multiorgan dysfunction, and treatment with Anakinra should be considered in those who fail to respond to conventional therapy

An ATP and Oxalate Generating Variant Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Counters Aluminum Toxicity in Pseudomonas fluorescens

Although the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is essential in almost all aerobic organisms, its precise modulation and integration in global cellular metabolism is not fully understood. Here, we report on an alternative TCA cycle uniquely aimed at generating ATP and oxalate, two metabolites critical for the survival of Pseudomonas fluorescens. The upregulation of isocitrate lyase (ICL) and acylating glyoxylate dehydrogenase (AGODH) led to the enhanced synthesis of oxalate, a dicarboxylic acid involved in the immobilization of aluminum (Al). The increased activity of succinyl-CoA synthetase (SCS) and oxalate CoA-transferase (OCT) in the Al-stressed cells afforded an effective route to ATP synthesis from oxalyl-CoA via substrate level phosphorylation. This modified TCA cycle with diminished efficacy in NADH production and decreased CO2-evolving capacity, orchestrates the synthesis of oxalate, NADPH, and ATP, ingredients pivotal to the survival of P. fluorescens in an Al environment. The channeling of succinyl-CoA towards ATP formation may be an important function of the TCA cycle during anaerobiosis, Fe starvation and O2-limited conditions

LC_2 formulation of supergravity

We formulate (N=1, d=11) supergravity in components in light-cone gauge (LC_2) to order $\kappa$. In this formulation, we use judicious gauge choices and the associated constraint relations to express the metric, three-form and gravitino entirely in terms of the physical degrees of freedom in the theory.Comment: 11 page