Abnormally invasive placenta: an overview of diagnosis and management options

Background: Abnormally invasive placenta, also known as morbidly adherent placenta, is a broad term that describes abnormal adherence of placenta to the underlying myometrium. Clinical risk factors include placenta previa and prior uterine surgery, including caesarean delivery. The diagnosis and management of women at risk is not only based on clinical parameters, but also driven by imaging, namely ultrasound and more recently magnetic resonance (MRI) imaging.Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of 10 cases of abnormally invasive placenta undertaken at Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot.Results: Hysterectomy done in six cases and uterus was preserved in four cases. Foetal outcome was on average side. Four foetal losses noted two because of prematurity and two due to excessive blood loss admitted with intra uterine foetal death. Two babies needed NICU care but successfully discharged.Conclusions: Newer approaches should be considered investigational until larger prospective series to become available, until then hysterectomy should remain the stay of treatment specially when the family is complete and there is life threatening Haemorrhage

Enhanced soft computing for ensemble approach to estimate the compressive strength of high strength concrete

High strength concrete (HCS) define as the concrete that meets unique mixture of performance uniformity requirements that cannot be reached routinely using conventional constituents and regular mixing, placing, and curing events. The modeling of such type of concrete is very difficult. In this investigation, the performance of the gaussian process (GP) regression, support vector Machine (SVM) and artificial neural network (ANN) were compared to estimate the 28th day compressive strength of the HSC. Total data set consists of 83 data out of which 70 % of total dataset used to train the model and residual 30% used to test the models. The model accuracy was depend upon the five performance evaluation parameter which were correlation coefficient (R), Bias, mean square error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE) and Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (E). The results recommend that ANN model is more accurate to predict the compressive strength as compare to GP and SVM based models. Sensitivity analysis indicated that Cement (C), Silica fume (SF), Fly ash (FA) and Water (W) are the most valuable constituents in which compressive strength of the HCS is mainly depend for this data set

Surface modification of thermally evaporated CdTe thin films for sensing application of organic compounds

The study involves the growth of bulk cadmium telluride (CdTe) by using vertical directional solidification (VDS) technique. The as grown CdTe compound has been used as a source material to deposit thin films onto glass substrates at room temperature by thermal evaporation technique under high vacuum conditions of 10-5 mbar. The thickness of film has been measured around 310 nm. Characterization of bulk CdTe compound and its thin films have been done by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and photoluminescence (PL) techniques. CdTe thin films have been then used for exposure to vapors of organic compounds such as acetone, formaldehyde, methanol, ethanol, benzene, toluene and chloroform in order to ascertain the use of these films for various sensors. The optical and micro structural properties of CdTe thin films have been studied using PL and AFM techniques so as to evaluate the sensing capabilities of CdTe thin film towards specific compounds which have been used for exposure

Formulation and Evaluation of Albumin Microspheres of Paracetamol

Medication molecules are sent to the body regions where they are most effective using dosage forms. You ought to attempt inhalation therapy if you want to maximise the benefits of your medicine. Example Inhalants and drugs that dissolve in water or other liquids are examples of fluid dose forms. Explanation-Solution. Ensure that the patient\u27s orifices are not obstructed in order to provide medication. One sort of disintegrator that functions is albumin, which expands when in contact with stomach acid and facilitates the tablet\u27s dissolution. Historically, a variety of oral extended-release dose forms were referred to as "modified release dosage products." The objective of the current study is to create a paracetamol pill that contains microspheres to cover up the bitter taste of the medication and make it easier for children, the elderly

Healthy Workplace Healthy Workers: Balance for Productivity Enhancement – A Case Study of Garment Manufacturing Units in North India

The textile and garment industry in India contributes 14% to industrial production, 5% to GDP and 11% to the country’s export earnings. It provides employment for over 45 million people at various skill levels. The garment manufacturing industry of North India has established itself as a majorapparel sourcing destination for the global markets. The hypothetical projection is that work conditions are usually unsafe and unhealthy.The workstations in the well established industries tend to be poorly designed with uncomfortable work tables and chairs,lack of ventilation, inappropriate lighting, and excessive noise. This kind of a poor working environment impacts adversely on the performance of the workers over long durations. Consequently it reduces the productivity of themanufacturing units. Focus The focus of this paper is to conduct an environmental audit in several sections of the garment industry to ascertain how favourable is the working environment of the workers. Environmental parameters like noise level, illumination and temperaturewere calibrated on instruments like sound level meter, luxmeter and hand held thermometer. The readings were subsequently compared against OSHA(Occupational Safety and Health Administration) standards. Method The review of literature and interactions with the industry experts was the method of enquiry adopted to collect data on the work environment in a majority of the garment manufacturing industries. Findings The research findings showed that the workstations were consistently having congestedwork areas, poor illumination, high temperatures and inadequate ventilation. Scope The scope of this study is to suggest appropriate intervention strategies to improve health, safety and comfort levels of the workers in the garment manufacturing units in various parts of North India in general and Punjab in Particular

Certain properties of the enhanced power graph associated with a finite group

The enhanced power graph of a finite group $G$, denoted by $\mathcal{P}_E(G)$, is the simple undirected graph whose vertex set is $G$ and two distinct vertices $x, y$ are adjacent if $x, y \in \langle z \rangle$ for some $z \in G$. In this article, we determine all finite groups such that the minimum degree and the vertex connectivity of $\mathcal{P}_E(G)$ are equal. Also, we classify all groups whose (proper) enhanced power graphs are strongly regular. Further, the vertex connectivity of the enhanced power graphs associated to some nilpotent groups is obtained. Finally, we obtain a lower bound and an upper bound for the Wiener index of $\mathcal{P}_E(G)$, where $G$ is a nilpotent group. The finite nilpotent groups attaining these bounds are also characterized.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2207.0464

Oxidative stress specifically downregulates survivin to promote breast tumour formation.

BackgroundBreast cancer, a heterogeneous disease has been broadly classified into oestrogen receptor positive (ER+) or oestrogen receptor negative (ER-) tumour types. Each of these tumours is dependent on specific signalling pathways for their progression. While high levels of survivin, an anti-apoptotic protein, increases aggressive behaviour in ER- breast tumours, oxidative stress (OS) promotes the progression of ER+ breast tumours. Mechanisms and molecular targets by which OS promotes tumourigenesis remain poorly understood.ResultsDETA-NONOate, a nitric oxide (NO)-donor induces OS in breast cancer cell lines by early re-localisation and downregulation of cellular survivin. Using in vivo models of HMLE(HRAS) xenografts and E2-induced breast tumours in ACI rats, we demonstrate that high OS downregulates survivin during initiation of tumourigenesis. Overexpression of survivin in HMLE(HRAS) cells led to a significant delay in tumour initiation and tumour volume in nude mice. This inverse relationship between survivin and OS was also observed in ER+ human breast tumours. We also demonstrate an upregulation of NADPH oxidase-1 (NOX1) and its activating protein p67, which are novel markers of OS in E2-induced tumours in ACI rats and as well as in ER+ human breast tumours.ConclusionOur data, therefore, suggest that downregulation of survivin could be an important early event by which OS initiates breast tumour formation

Influence of journals indexed from a country on its research output: An empirical investigation

Scientific journals are currently the primary medium used by researchers to report their research findings. The transformation of print journals into e-journals has simplified the process of submissions to journals and also their access has become wider. Journals are usually published by commercial publishers, learned societies as well as Universities. There are different number of journals published from different countries. This paper attempts to explore whether the number of journals published from a country influences its research output. Scopus master journal list is analysed to identify journals published from 50 selected countries with significant volume of research output. The following relationship are analysed: (a) number of journals from a country and its research output, (b) growth rate of journals and research output for different countries, (c) global share of journals and research output for different countries, and (d) subject area-wise number of journals and research output in that subject area for different countries. Factors like journal packing density are also analysed. The results obtained show that for majority of the countries, the number of journals is positively correlated to their research output volume, though some other factors also play a role in growth of research output. The study at the end presents a discussion of the analytical outcomes and provides useful suggestions on policy perspectives for different countries.Comment: 6 figures and 4 table

Traditional Vs Resin Cements for Indirect Restorations

Indirect restorations, such as inlays, onlays, crowns, and bridges, require a reliable cementation method to ensure long-term success. Aim of this literature is to compare various cementation options that are available, advantages and disadvantages of different materials using conventional cementation or adhesive cementation .Also this discusses the rationale in selecting the choice and techniques in different clinical situations. In conclusion, both traditional and resin cements have their advantages and disadvantages for indirect restoration cementation. The choice of cement type depends on the clinical situation and the preferences of the clinician. Traditional cements may be preferred in situations where high bond strength is not required or where a dry environment can be maintained, while resin cements may be preferred when superior bonding is desired or when the restoration material is not compatible with traditional cements. Ultimately, proper technique and selection of the appropriate cement are essential for ensuring long-term success of indirect restoration