Development and characterization of surface solid dispersion of curcumin for solubility enhancement

Surface solid dispersion (SSD) of curcumin was developed and characterized with purview to overcome solubility hurdle in its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic performance. SSDs were prepared by co-evaporation method using polyplasdone XL, croscarmelose sodium, and silicone dioxide and polyethlene glycol 6000 as carrier. The optimized SSD (F9) was characterized using FE-SEM and XRD as an analytical tool. The formulation of modified Curcumin shows better drug release profile as compared to the natural Curcumin. Formulation F9 released more than 90% of the loaded Curcumin within 30 minutes where marketed formulations shows 90% drug only after 60 minutes. &nbsp

A CLINICAL STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF PUNARNAVADI CHURNA, SINGHANADA GUGGULU IN THE MANAGEMENT OF AMAVATA (RHEUMATIOD ARTHRITIS)

Amavata, is firstly introduced as an independent disease in Madhav Nidana. It is a disease of Madhyam roga marga as it affects Sandhi and Hridya marma. Though Ama and Vata are the two main predominant pathogenic factors but the disease also represents Tridoshic vitiation. The affliction of joints by Vata dosha in association with Ama shows that both play equal role of Dosha and Dushya in the causation of this disease. This study includes evaluate the effect of Trial drugs Punarnavadi churna with Anupana of Rasna Saptak Qwatha and Eranda taila on the signs and symptoms of Amavata and also to evaluate the effect of trial drug with a standard drug Singhanada Guggulu on the signs and symptoms of Amavata. In short we can say that, Amavata is the resultant of improper digestion or partially digestion of the food particles due to hypofunction of Gatharagni and also due to accumulation of mala in the body and it is also considered as Pratham doshadusti. It may be considered as partially or incomplete metabolized Dathu in case of Dhatvagni mandata. This study might be helpful in breakdown Samprapti of Amavata roga and give right way to patient of Amavata

CLINICAL STUDY ON MEDOROGA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO VISESHA BY YAVAMALAKA CHURNA

The present era termed as age of Machines and Materialism has led to global economic advancement and affluence brought a drastic change in the life styles and living environment. Change in food habits, sedentary work, stressful environment etc. are the gifts of Industrialization to mankind. One side of life is happy with reduced physical activity and fat rich tasty food but the other side is showing affliction to chronic lifestyle disorders like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer, ischemic heart disease, cerebro-vascular accidents, atherosclerosis, varicose veins etc. These diseases have been recognized as the leading killers of the millennium. Obesity is traced to be a major risk factor for these diseases. This study includes evaluate the applicability of concept of Visesha in Medoroga and clinical study on management of Medoroga by using Yavamalaka churna with special reference of Prakopana viparyayo hi dhatunam prasham karanam iti. Considering the above problem this study was planned the concept of Prakopana viparyayo hi dhatunam prasham karanam iti in the management of Medoroga with Yavamalaka churna because Medo dhatu is snigdha and guru in nature while Yava (Hordeum vulgarae) is Ruksha and Aguruand Amalaki (Emblica officinalis) also Ruksha in nature. The Amalaki has Tridoshahara properties especially Medohara. So these two drugs have opposite properties to medo dhatu. Hence due to the concept of Prakopana viparyayo hi dhatunam prashama karanam iti, yava and Amalaki cause the Hrasa of Medo dhatu

A new spectrophotometric method for quantification of potassium solubilized by bacterial cultures

261-266A new spectrophotometric method was developed for the quantification of potassium in the culture broth supernatant of K-solubilizing bacteria. The standard curve of potassium with the new method, which is based on the measurement of cobalt, showed a regression coefficient (R2) of 0.998. The quantification values of potassium obtained with flame photometric method and the newly developed method showed a significant correlation (r) of 0.978. The new method depends on the precipitation of sodium cobaltinitrite with solubilized potassium in liquid medium as potassium sodium cobaltinitrite, which develops bluish green colour by the addition of conc. HCl. The intensity of developed colour can be recorded at 623 nm. This method involves less number of steps, is easy and time saving, and can be used for the reliable estimation of available potassium in culture broth supernatant of K-solubilizing bacteria </span

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Not AvailableIn the present investigation, five strains of Janthinobacterium obtained from Rohtang Pass, Himachal Pradesh, India along with one strain of Bacillus decolorationis (IARI-SL-13) were screened qualitatively and quantitatively for their ability to solubilize K at different temperatures ranging from 5 to 30 °C. All the selected strains do not produce violet colonies, instead produced pink or red coloured colonies. In a plate assay, among all the strains tested, Janthinobacterium sp. IARI-R-81 was most efficient in solubilization of K at lower temperatures of 5 and 10 °C and was closely followed by Janthinobacterium lividum (IARI-R-71). Janthinobacterium sp. IARI-R-70 did not produce any detectable halo zones at all temperatures except 10 and 25 °C. Quantitative analysis revealed that all the selected pigment-producing strains could solubilize potassium-bearing mineral at low temperature (5 °C). J. lividum IARI-R-50 strain was most efficient in solubilizing K (29.87 ± 1.22 μg K/mL) from its mineral at 5 °C. This strain was typical as it solubilized almost the same amount of K both at 5 and 30 °C indicating its capability to adapt to different temperatures. All other strains showed a significantly higher concentration of solubilized K at 30 °C as compared to other temperatures tested. The non-pigmented B. decolorationis showed solubilization only at 25 and 30 °C and the concentration of K solubilized at 30 °C was significantly higher than at 25 °C. There was no correlation between pigment production and solubilization of potassium. This is the first report depicting solubilization trait of members of genus Janthinobacterium and confirms its evolutionary relatedness to Collimonads.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableBackground and aim Most of the food grains show deficiency of zinc. The study was carried out to evaluate the role of endophytes in the fortification of Zn in wheat genotypes with different nutrient use efficiency and in soils deficient and sufficient for Zn. Methods Two zinc solubilizing endophytes (Bacillus subtilis DS-178 and Arthrobacter sp. DS-179) were used to inoculate low and high Zn accumulating genotypes in soils sufficient and deficient in Zn. Results The data on different root morphological parameters, yield and accumulation of Zn indicated distinct variations among genotypes; soil types and also among the endophytes inoculated, un-inoculated and chemical fertilizer treatments. In general, the amount of Zn in grains due to inoculation of endophytes was 2 folds higher as compared to un-inoculated control. The low and high Zn accumulating genotypes responded in an almost identical manner to endophyte inoculation, irrespective of the soil types. Conclusion Zn solubilizing endophytes can enhance the translocation and enrichment of Zn to grains in wheat genotypes, irrespective of their different nutrient use efficiency (Zn). This approach can be integrated into the modern strategies for biofortification.t AvailableNot Availabl

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Not AvailableOne of the important limiting factors to realising the benefits of modern high- yielding crop varieties is the availability of iron (Fe) in the soil, which often leads to Fe deficiency in food grains. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the role of two siderophore-producing endophytes (Arthrobacter sulfonivorans DS-68 and Enterococcus hirae DS-163) in the biofortification of grains with Fe and enhance yield in four genotypes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in soils with low and high available Fe content. Endophyte inoculation increased the surface area, volume, length of roots and number of root tips by 78.27, 75, 71 and 44%, respectively, relative to the uninoculated control (recommended dose of fertilizers; RDF), across genotypes and soil types. In the low available-Fe soil, inoculation with endophytes increased grain yield twofold relative to the control (RDF), whereas in the high available-Fe soil, the increase was only 1.2-fold across genotypes. In general, endophyte inoculation caused an increase of 1.5-fold and 2.2-fold in iron concentration in grains over the RDF + FeSO4 treatment and uninoculated control (RDF), respectively, across all the genotypes and both soil types. Such siderophore-producing endophytes can be recommended as bioinoculants to mitigate iron deficiencies in the soil and enhance crop productivity.Not Availabl

Prospecting catabolic diversity of microbial strains for developing microbial consortia and their synergistic effect on Lentil (Lens esculenta) growth, yield and iron biofortification

Not AvailableCarbon profiling of heterotrophic microbial inoculants is worthwhile strategy for formulating consortium-based biofertilizers. Consortium-based biofertilizers are better than single strain-based biofertilizers for sustaining agricultural productivity and enhancing micronutrient concentration in grains. Currently, we investigated catabolic diversity among microbes using different carbon sources and certain enzyme activities. A field experiment was also carried to evaluate the synergistic effect of selected lentil Rhizobia and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria strains on lentil growth, yield, nitrogen fixation, and Fe-content in seeds. On the basis of carbon profiling Bacillus sp. RB1 and Pseudomonas sp. RP1 were selected for synergistic study with lentil Rhizobium-Rhizobium leguminosarum subsp. viciae RR1. Co-inoculation of Rhizobium with Bacillus sp. RB1 and Pseudomonas sp. RP1 significantly enhanced the plant height, number of pods per plant, seed yield, number of nodules per plant, nitrogenase activity and Fe biofortification in seed over the single Rhizobium inoculation or dual combination of Rhizobium + RB1 or RP1. The response of single Rhizobium inoculation or co-inoculation of Rhizobium with RB1 and/or RP1 at 50% RDF was almost similar or higher than full dose of recommended N:P:K with respect to lentil yield and Fe biofortification in seed. This deciphered grouping of microbial strains for formulation of microbial consortia-based biofertilizers and revealed the promise of consortium of Rhizobium and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in improving the biological yield and enhancing the Fe content of lentil seed.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableIn the present study, we studied the distribution of silicate mineral weathering bacteria (SWB) in stressed environments that release potassium from insoluble source of mineral. Out of 972 isolates, 340 isolates were positive and mineral weathering potential ranged from 5.55 to 180.05%. Maximum abundance of SWB occurred 44.71% in saline environment followed by 23.53% in low temperature and 12.35% each in high temperature and moisture deficit. Among isolates, silicate mineral weathering efficiency ranged from 1.9 to 72.8 μg mL−1 available K in liquid medium. The phylogenetic tree of SWB discriminated in three clusters viz. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. This is the first report on SWB in stressed environments and identified 27 genera and 67 species which is not reported earlier. Among them Bacillus was the predominant genera (58.60%) distantly followed by Pseudomonas (6.37%), Staphylococcus (5.10%) and Paenibacillus (4.46%). These bacterial strains could be developed as inoculants for biological replenishment of K in stressed soils.Not Availabl