1,226 research outputs found
Crystallite Size Effect on Lattice Strain and Crystal Structure of Ba1/4Sr3/4MnO3 Layered Perovskite Manganite
The single phase polycrystalline Ba1/4Sr3/4MnO3 layered perovskite manganite
has been synthesized by combustion method having various crystallite sizes. The
room temperature X-ray diffraction patterns reveal that Ba1/4Sr3/4MnO3
crystallizes into hexagonal crystal structure with space group P63/mmc as
confirmed by Rietveld refinement. The scanning electron micrographs of
Ba1/4Sr3/4MnO3 reveal uniform crystallite size of the samples. Effect of
crystallite size on lattice strain and crystal structure has been studied using
Rietveld refinement and Williamson-Hall plot, respectively. The structural
lattice parameters decrease with increasing crystallite size. However, lattice
strain increases with increasing crystallite-size
X-ray Diffraction Analysis of Cu2+ Doped Zn1-xCuxFe2O4 Spinel Nanoparticles using Williamson-Hall Plot Method
The nanoparticles (NPs) of Zn1-xCuxFe2O4 (ZCFO) spinels with x = 0, 0.2, 0.4,
0.6 and 0.8 were synthesized by a sol-gel combustion method using acetate
precursor. The NPs of ZCFO were prepared by following calcination process at
600C for 8hrs. The synthesized NPs of ZCFO were characterized by X-ray
diffraction (XRD) analysis using Rietveld refinement. The Rietveld refinement
of the XRD patterns revealed that the ZCFO spinels crystallize into single
diamond cubic structure with Fd-3m space group. The lattice constant and unit
cell volume for ZCFO NPs shrink with enhancing doping concentration of Cu2+
ion. The crystalline growth in the NPs of ZCFO was examined by peak broadening
present in the XRD pattern. The Williamson-Hall (W-H) plot method were used to
study the individual involvements of crystallite sizes and lattice strain on
the peak broadening of the NPs of ZCFO spinels. Whereas, particle size of the
ZCFO sample with x = 0.40 was estimated by high-resolution scanning electron
microscopy micrograph
Using energy pricing as a tool for efficient, equitable and sustainable use of groundwater for irrigation: evidence from three locations of India
Groundwater irrigationCostsElectrical energyPricingPumpingWater use efficiencyWater productivityMilk productionDairy farmsLivestockWater useFodderCrop management
How serious are groundwater over-exploitation problems in India?: a fresh investigation into an old issue
Groundwater developmentAssessmentRechargeAquifersWater balanceWellsTube wellsPumpingCostsEconomic impact
mKRISHI® Fisheries - A Blue Ocean Innovation
India is blessed with a vast coastline of around
8110 km. Every day around one million fishermen
from 3,202 fishing villages venture into the sea to
catch fishes. The allied sector of fish processing
and marketing build their hope on this catch. While
everyone is hoping for a good catch, climate change
impacts and over-fishing has led to declining catch
Enhanced Internet Access in MANETs: A Robust and Efficient Gateway Detection Approach with Amplified Backing
When a certain gateway is connected to a significant number of mobile devices, the quality of service begins to decline. As a result, we propose that the number of mobile devices up to which a specific gateway performs well within expectations be identified, and that this number be referred to as the gateway's capacity. The capacity of each node should then be verified in the optimum gateway discovery protocol before connecting to the gateway for the best results. Trust-based systems might help protect decentralised, self-organized networks like dedicated cellular carriers and dedicated vehicle networks against insider attacks. To guard against external threats, A/V encryption and access control might be utilised. Cryptographic systems, for example, are prevention-focused
Feeding practices in infants: ritual factors dominating mother’s education - a cross sectional study
Background: The objective was to know the impact of mother education on feeding practices of infants.Methods: Observational analytic cross sectional study. We used Semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaire to interview 355 mothers of infants, aged one and half to 12 months, who came in OPD of Department of Paediatrics UPRIMS and R, Saifai for immunization or some problem.Results: Total 267 (75.2 %) out of 355 women had initiated breast feeding within 24 hours of birth. 172 (48.5%) mothers exclusively breast fed their infants. Total 166 (46.8%) practiced Prelacteal feed. Out of 166 subjects, 121 (34.1%) practiced for 7 days and 41 (12.7%) beyond the 7 days. There were highly significant relationship found between education level of mothers with type of breast feeding, in the form of exclusive or non- exclusive breast feeding and Prelacteal feeding practices ( p 0.05), but an important pattern of initiation of breast feeding was seen at the different level of mothers education.Conclusion: Ritual and customary factors have much impact then mother’s education on breast feeding practices of infants. Apart from education, breast feeding awareness programme should be increased including both literate and illiterate mothers.
Design of Compact MIMO Antenna for 5G/Ultra-Wideband Communications
In this contribution, a compact 13 GHz notched band Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna is accessible for Ultra-Wide Band/broadband communication in metric linear unit wave band. The antenna structure has been designed on one substrate of FR-4 of thickness 1.6 mm.Two symmetrical microstrip patch antenna elements positioned in vertical direction to realised better diversity performance.The antenna elements are made up of a rectangular patch with microstrip feed line, operatingon the frequency of 28 GHz for Ultra-wide band applications. The result of designed structure has been computed numerical by FEM based solver HFSS v 13. Fromthe simulation results, it is clear that the proposed MIMO antenna structure covers 24.048 GHz to 37.04 GHzwith impedance bandwidth of 13 GHz (S11 better than -10dB) and also the isolation is found better than -20 dB in full wideband application. The gain of proposed MIMO antennadesigned structure has found approximately 2.11 dB
- …