In this contribution, a compact 13 GHz notched band Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna is accessible for Ultra-Wide Band/broadband communication in metric linear unit wave band. The antenna structure has been designed on one substrate of FR-4 of thickness 1.6 mm.Two symmetrical microstrip patch antenna elements positioned in vertical direction to realised better diversity performance.The antenna elements are made up of a rectangular patch with microstrip feed line, operatingon the frequency of 28 GHz for Ultra-wide band applications. The result of designed structure has been computed numerical by FEM based solver HFSS v 13. Fromthe simulation results, it is clear that the proposed MIMO antenna structure covers 24.048 GHz to 37.04 GHzwith impedance bandwidth of 13 GHz (S11 better than -10dB) and also the isolation is found better than -20 dB in full wideband application. The gain of proposed MIMO antennadesigned structure has found approximately 2.11 dB

Sehgal, Amit

Singh, Dinesh Kumar

Singh, Pankaj Kumar

English

In this contribution, a compact 13 GHz notched band Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna is accessible for Ultra-Wide Band/broadband communication in metric linear unit wave band. The antenna structure has been designed on one substrate of FR-4 of thickness 1.6 mm.Two symmetrical microstrip patch antenna elements positioned in vertical direction to realised better diversity performance.The antenna elements are made up of a rectangular patch with microstrip feed line, operatingon the frequency of 28 GHz for Ultra-wide band applications. The result of designed structure has been computed numerical by FEM based solver HFSS v 13. Fromthe simulation results, it is clear that the proposed MIMO antenna structure covers 24.048 GHz to 37.04 GHzwith impedance bandwidth of 13 GHz (S11 better than -10dB) and also the isolation is found better than -20 dB in full wideband application. The gain of proposed MIMO antennadesigned structure has found approximately 2.11 dB

Pankaj Kumar Singh

Amit Sehgal

Dinesh Kumar Singh

NEUROSURGERY ENTHUSIASTIC WOMEN SOCIETY

Design of Compact MIMO Antenna for 5G/Ultra-Wideband Communications

MAT Journals

    8 Page 8-14 © MAT Journals 2018. All Rights Reserved  Journal of Electronic Design Engineering  Volume 4 Issue 3 Design of Compact MIMO Antenna for 5G/Ultra-Wideband Communications  1Pankaj Kumar Singh, 2Amit Sehgal, 3 Dinesh Kumar Singh 1Assistant Professor, 2,3Associate Professor 1, 2,3Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering G. L. Bajaj Institute of Technology and Management, Greater Noida, UP, India Email:1pankaj.singh@glbitm.org,2amit.sehgal@glbitm.org,3dinesh.singh@glbitm.org DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1462351 Abstract In this contribution, a compact 13 GHz notched band Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna is accessible for Ultra-Wide Band/broadband communication in metric linear unit wave band. The antenna structure has been designed on one substrate of FR-4 of thickness 1.6 mm.Two symmetrical microstrip patch antenna elements positioned in vertical direction to realised better diversity performance.The antenna elements are made up of a rectangular patch with microstrip feed line, operatingon the frequency of 28 GHz for Ultra-wide band applications. The result of designed structure has been computed numerical by FEM based solver HFSS v 13. Fromthe simulation results, it is clear that the proposed MIMO antenna structure covers 24.048 GHz to 37.04 GHzwith impedance bandwidth of 13 GHz (S11 better than -10dB) and also the isolation is found better than -20 dB in full wideband application. The gain of proposed MIMO antennadesigned structure has found approximately 2.11 dB.  Keywords: GHz, MIMO, UWB, Gain, 5G.  INTRODUCTION In recent and upcoming days, the smart devices become an essential part of modern life. This is big challenge for smart devices to achieved small size, high speed data transmission, high bandwidth, broad band performance, gain, low power consumption etc.particularly at millimetre wave bands [1]. Ultra-Wideband (UWB) communications are a superb way to answer the above problems due to high records fee and relatively small radiator strength spectral density. Extremely-huge band antennas and some other conversation systems enjoy multipath fading. One of the best solutions for all issues is Multiple –Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology. Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology combined with UWB antennas is an excellent choice for smart devices [2].  Microstrip patch antennas arethe goodpreference to accomplish abasic functional element due to reasonable symmetry of performance and also handy production especially for 5G/extremely-wide band applications. A square microstrip patch antenna has easy layout, compact and cost effective for 5G/extremely-huge Band applications [3]. The terminal impedance of microstrip patch antennas totally relies upon on physical homes of materials used, geometrical shape, size, feed region and feed types. To achieve the satisfactory geometry matching, all of the set of antenna parameters may be adjusted, at a particular resonance.A planar feed configuration of inset feed microstrip patch antenna provides a means of impedance control [1-3]. The basic limitation of microstrip patch antennas are inability to operate at high power levels of coaxial line, waveguide or even on strip line and comparatively narrow bandwidth.     9 Page 8-14 © MAT Journals 2018. All Rights Reserved  Journal of Electronic Design Engineering  Volume 4 Issue 3 The big challenges for designers are to design antenna with excessive benefit, better bandwidth and extra directional for right conversation [4]. The primary characteristics of microstrip antenna are mild weight, low cost, easy production and both compatibility to the mounting floor or much thin protrusion from the floor makes it top for numerous Wi-Fi packages.  In this communication, a very compact Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna shape is proposed for 5G/extremely-huge band programs. The proposed MIMO antenna layout shape has analysed for gain and bandwidth.  INSET FED MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA The microstrip patch antenna is designed in this kind of way that its radiation pattern maximum in normal to the patch (broadside radiator). Thicker substrate whose dielectric in lower cease of range offers better performance,larger bandwidth and loosely bounded fields for radiation into space, are major desirable components for antenna performance [6].The inset fed microstrip patch antenna isdesigned on FR4 epoxy substrate of dielectric constant 4.4 with height of 1.6 mm withpatch length 1.67 mm and patch width 3.26 mm as shown in table 1.   Fig: 1. Inset fed microstrip antenna  Table: 1.Physical dimensions of antenna Resonance frequency (GHz) 28 Dielectric constant (𝜀𝑒𝑓𝑓 ) 4.4 Patch length Lp (mm) 1.67 Patch width Wp(mm) 3.26 Inset Feed position d(mm) 0.42 Width of fed line W (mm) 1  DESIGN PROCEDURE The design procedure used is applicable forantenna that works on or above 28 GHz i.e. in the range 5G/Ultra-Wide band applications.  The design techniques applicable to any frequency ranges which can be selected according to the designer’s wish[6-8]. For simple single element antenna, the S11 parameter should be lower than -10 dB. In case of two elements polarization diversity antennas, S11 and S22 should be lower than -10 dB and the coupling parameters S21 and S12 should be lower than -15 dB [9]. Step 1: Width calculation: The width of microstrip patch antenna can be calculated with the following relation:     10 Page 8-14 © MAT Journals 2018. All Rights Reserved  Journal of Electronic Design Engineering  Volume 4 Issue 3 𝑊  =     𝑐2𝑓𝑎  𝐸𝑟+1 2(1) Step 2: Calculation of effective dielectric (𝐸𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑓 ) The effective dielectric constant can be calculated by the following relation given bellow:  𝐸𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑓 =  𝐸𝑟  + 1 2+  𝐸𝑟  − 12[ 1 + 12 ℎ𝑤   ]−1 2 (2) Step 3: Calculation of the effective length Effective (Leff): The effective length can be calculated from the following relation as follows 𝐿𝑒𝑓𝑓 =𝑐2𝑓𝑎√𝐸𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑓(3) Step 4:  Calculation of lengthextension (𝚫L) 𝛥𝐿 =0.412ℎ 𝜀𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑓  + 0.3  𝑤ℎ  + 0.264  𝜀𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑓  + 0.258  𝑊ℎ + 0.8 (4) Step 5: Calculation of actual length of patch (L): The actual length of patch can be calculated by the following equation 𝐿 = 𝐿𝑒𝑓𝑓 − 2 ΔL(5) DESIGN OF PROPOSED MIMO ANTENNA Basic elements of MIMO antenna is designed on FR-4 substrate of size 13 mm x 13 mm x 1.6 mmand patch of size 1.67 mm x 3.26 mm to operate at 28 GHz frequency.  Fig: 2. Proposed MIMO antenna  RESULTS AND DISCUSSION  S-Parameter The S11 parametershows that the MIMO antenna resonates at 27.96 GHz and offer bandwidth of approximately 13 GHz, from 24.04 GHz to 37.04 GHz, which is more suitable for wideband application in millimetre wave band.  The coupling parameter S21 of proposed MIMO antenna is better than -18 dB at frequency band 32.30 GHz to 34.90 GHz but better than -20 dBon remaining operating band of 24.04GHz to 32.25 GHz. The S22 parameter is also show the approximately same result as S11. The S11, S21 and S22 parameters of proposed MIMO antenna are shown in Fig 3, Fig 4 and Fig 5,respectively.     11 Page 8-14 © MAT Journals 2018. All Rights Reserved  Journal of Electronic Design Engineering  Volume 4 Issue 3  Fig: 3. S11 Parameter of proposed MIMO antenna  Fig: 4.The S21 Parameter of proposed MIMO antenna   Fig: 5.The S22 Parameter of proposed MIMO antenna  Radiation Pattern The radiation pattern of proposed MIMO antenna is shown in fig .7 and fig.8 at theta equal to 00 and 900respectively.  22.00 24.00 26.00 28.00 30.00 32.00 34.00 36.00 38.00Frequency [GHz]-27.50-25.00-22.50-20.00-17.50-15.00-12.50-10.00-7.50-5.00S-Parameter (dB)(S(1,1))HFSSDesign1Frequency vs S-Parameter Plot (S11) ANSOFTm2m1m3Name X Ym1 27.9520 -25.2969m2 24.0480 -10.0741m3 37.0400 -10.0457Curve InfodB(S(1,1))Setup1 : Sw eep22.00 24.00 26.00 28.00 30.00 32.00 34.00 36.00 38.00Frequency [GHz]-40.00-37.50-35.00-32.50-30.00-27.50-25.00-22.50-20.00-17.50S21 Parameter (dB)HFSSDesign1XY Plot 3 ANSOFTm1m2m3Curve InfoS21 (dB)Setup1 : Sw eepName X Ym1 32.5600 -19.6787m2 32.3040 -20.2944m3 34.8640 -19.222722.00 24.00 26.00 28.00 30.00 32.00 34.00 36.00 38.00Frequency [GHz]-22.00-20.00-18.00-16.00-14.00-12.00-10.00-8.00-6.00S-Parameter dB(S(2,2))HFSSDesign1XY Plot 2 ANSOFTm1m2m3Curve InfodB(S(2,2))Setup1 : SweepName X Ym1 24.1120 -10.0266m2 28.0800 -20.0731m3 37.1040 -10.0356    12 Page 8-14 © MAT Journals 2018. All Rights Reserved  Journal of Electronic Design Engineering  Volume 4 Issue 3    Fig: 6. The Radiation pattern of proposed MIMO antenna  Directivity The directivity of proposed MIMO antenna is shown at theta equal to 00 and 900shown in fig.7.    Fig: 7. Directivity of proposed MIMO antenna  Gain The total gain of proposed MIMO antenna is approximately 2.11 dB at 27.96 GHz as shown in Fig 8. -15.00-10.00-5.000.009060300-30-60-90-120-150-180150120HFSSDesign1Radiation Pattern 3 ANSOFTCurve InfodB(GainTotal)Setup1 : SweepFreq='27.952GHz' Phi='0deg'dB(GainTotal)Setup1 : SweepFreq='27.952GHz' Phi='90deg'-15.00-10.00-5.000.009060300-30-60-90-120-150-180150120HFSSDesign1Radiation Pattern 8 ANSOFTCurve InfoGainTotal (dB)Setup1 : SweepFreq='28.08GHz' Phi='0deg'GainTotal (dB)Setup1 : SweepFreq='28.08GHz' Phi='90deg'-108.00-76.00-44.00-12.009060300-30-60-90-120-150-180150120HFSSDesign1Radiation Pattern 4 ANSOFTCurve InfoDirectivity (dB)Setup1 : SweepFreq='27.952GHz' Phi='0deg'Directivity (dB)Setup1 : SweepFreq='27.952GHz' Phi='90deg'    13 Page 8-14 © MAT Journals 2018. All Rights Reserved  Journal of Electronic Design Engineering  Volume 4 Issue 3   Fig: 8. 3-D Gain of proposed MIMO antenna The envelope correlation coefficient ρ of the MIMO antenna is given by  𝜌 =   𝑆11∗𝑆12 + 𝑆21∗ 𝑆22  2 1−   𝑆11  2+  𝑆21  2 2  1−   𝑆12  2+  𝑆22  2  (6)  For S11 = S22 = -10 dB and S12 = S21 = -15 dB the envelope correlation coefficient ρ is 0.0167. From the S11 and S21parameterof proposed MIMO antenna, it is evident that the proposed MIMO antenna offer good isolation in operating band which is better than -20 dB.  CONCLUSION In this contribution MIMO antenna with rectangular patch is proposed. The proposed MIMO antenna structure has showngood isolation better than -20 dB in operating band and offer gain of 2.11 dB. The proposed antenna is suitable for UWB/broadband applications in millimetre wave band for 5G. However, the physical antenna design for 5G/Ultra-wide band communications is a massive mission to the designers due to reduced dimensions imposed through the huge frequencies at millimetre waveband.  REFERENCE 1. W. Roh et al., “Millimeter-Wave as an enabling technology for 5G cellular communications: theoretical feasibility and prototype results,” IEEE Comm. Magazine, pp. 106-113, Feb. 2014.  2. C. Liang et al., “Compact printed MIMO antenna with 6.1 GHz Notched Band for Ultra-wideband applications”, Progress in Electromagnetics research letter, vol. 76, pp-77-83, 2018. 3. X. P. Chen et al., “Low-cost high gain planar antenna array for 60 GHz band applications,” IEEE Trans. Antenna and Propagation, vol. 58, no. 6, pp. 2126-2129, June 2010.  4. T. Samaras, et al., “A note on the impedance variation with feed position of a rectangular microstrip antenna,” IEEE Antenna and Propagation Magazine, Vol. 46, pp. 90-92,April 2004.  5. R. Mailloux, et al., "Microstrip array technology," Antennas andPropagation, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 29, pp. 25-37, 1981. 6. M. T. I. Huque, et al., "Design and Simulation of a Low-cost and HighGain Microstrip Patch Antenna Arrays for the X-band Applications," inInternational Conference on Network Communication and Computer –ICNCC 2011, New Delhi, India., March 21-23, 2011. 7. D.M.Pozar, “A Microstrip Antenna Aperture Coupled to a Microstrip Line” Electronic Letters,vol.21,pp.49-50,January 1985. 8. Minhaz G. Vayada, Mohammed G. Vayada, Arti Patel,”Design & simulation of Rectangular Shaped     14 Page 8-14 © MAT Journals 2018. All Rights Reserved  Journal of Electronic Design Engineering  Volume 4 Issue 3 Patch Antenna Used for ISM band using HFSS” IJARCET,vol.4, issue 4,April 2015. 9. Wang, A., F. Zhenghe, and K.-M. Luk, “Pattern and polarization diversity antenna with high isolation for portable wireless devices,” IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Letters, Vol. 8, 209–211,2009 10. Constantine A.Balanis’s book of “Antenna Theory” third edition, Analysis and design.    Cite this article as: Pankaj Kumar Singh, Amit Sehgal, & Dinesh Kumar Singh. (2018). Design of Compact MIMO Antenna for 5G/Ultra-Wideband Communications. Journal of Electronic Design Engineering, 4(3), 8–14. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1462351 

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Design of Compact MIMO Antenna for 5G/Ultra-Wideband Communications

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