4,323 research outputs found
Abdominal Crises 1
Despite the mechanical contrivances which clutter our modern world solutions to the crises which constantly beset us in every sphere still depend upon the wisdom of individuals. This is nowhere more true than in the management of abdominal crises which at some stage falls to the lot of every medical man. If disaster is to be averted, a correct diagnosis has to be made and a correct line of action determined within a space of time so short that the opportunity to call upon other opinions or to invoke the corroborative aid of laboratory tests may be severely curtailed. For the vast majority of doctors who are not practising surgeons the overriding responsibility is to decide whether an abdominal crisis is such that operative treatment may be needed. If the medical student, nurtured in the hospital environment gains the impression that this decision is one of no great difficulty he is forgetting that the wheat has already been separated from the chaff before the patient ever reaches hospital. It is a tribute to the general practitioners that so few patients are needlessly referred to hospital and that even fewer are referred with serious complications already established
Abdominal Crises II
With national concern critically focussed upon the increasing problem of accidents it is well to remember that although the vast majority of injuries affect the extremities and although these injuries are a cause of great morbidity it is injuries to the head, the chest and the abdomen which kill. The closed head injury of civilian life is more misleading and often more rapidly fatal than many open wounds where the brain is exposed. So with abdominal injuries the intact abdomen may make diagnosis difficult and encourage a false sense of security. If the abdominal contents are damaged, two disasters may befall. Firstâand most urgentâis internal haemorrhage from lacerations of the solid viscera, especially spleen or liver, or from tearing of vessels. Later, if hollow organs have been damaged, the escape of their contents will lead to peritonitis
Abdominal Crises III
The last of three articles written for Res Medica.Acute Inflammatory ConditionsWith the exception of the pancreas it is the hollow viscera which are involved in acute inflammatory disease. Always beginning as a localized process in the wall of the viscus the rapidity with which the inflammation spreads to the peritoneal space to produce peritonitis depends largely on the time taken for necrosis and perforation of the inflamed area to occur. It the reaction is slow, the inflamed area has often become adherent to adjacent structures or wrapped in omentum before perforation occurs so that even after this disaster the peritonitis remains localized for a further period and an abscess forms
Cavity QED in a molecular ion trap
We propose an approach for studying quantum information and performing high
resolution spectroscopy of rotational states of trapped molecular ions using an
on-chip superconducting microwave resonator. Molecular ions have several
advantages over neutral molecules. Ions can be loaded into deep (1 eV) RF traps
and are trapped independent of the electric dipole moment of their rotational
transition. Their charge protects them from motional dephasing and prevents
collisional loss, allowing 1 s coherence times when used as a quantum memory,
with detection of single molecules possible in <10 ms. An analysis of the
detection efficiency and coherence properties of the molecules is presented.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figur
Bose-Einstein Condensation on a Permanent-Magnet Atom Chip
We have produced a Bose-Einstein condensate on a permanent-magnet atom chip
based on periodically magnetized videotape. We observe the expansion and
dynamics of the condensate in one of the microscopic waveguides close to the
surface. The lifetime for atoms to remain trapped near this dielectric material
is significantly longer than above a metal surface of the same thickness. These
results illustrate the suitability of microscopic permanent-magnet structures
for quantum-coherent preparation and manipulation of cold atoms.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, Published in Phys. Rev. A, Rapid Com
Bose-Einstein Condensation on a Permanent-Magnet Atom Chip
We have produced a Bose-Einstein condensate on a permanent-magnet atom chip
based on periodically magnetized videotape. We observe the expansion and
dynamics of the condensate in one of the microscopic waveguides close to the
surface. The lifetime for atoms to remain trapped near this dielectric material
is significantly longer than above a metal surface of the same thickness. These
results illustrate the suitability of microscopic permanent-magnet structures
for quantum-coherent preparation and manipulation of cold atoms.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, Published in Phys. Rev. A, Rapid Com
Experiments on a videotape atom chip: fragmentation and transport studies
This paper reports on experiments with ultra-cold rubidium atoms confined in
microscopic magnetic traps created using a piece of periodically-magnetized
videotape mounted on an atom chip. The roughness of the confining potential is
studied with atomic clouds at temperatures of a few microKelvin and at
distances between 30 and 80 microns from the videotape-chip surface. The
inhomogeneities in the magnetic field created by the magnetized videotape close
to the central region of the chip are characterized in this way. In addition,
we demonstrate a novel transport mechanism whereby we convey cold atoms
confined in arrays of videotape magnetic micro-traps over distances as large as
~ 1 cm parallel to the chip surface. This conveying mechanism enables us to
survey the surface of the chip and observe potential-roughness effects across
different regions.Comment: 29 pages, 22 figures
ArCLight - a Compact Dielectric Large-Area Photon Detector
ArCLight is a novel device for detecting scintillation light over large areas
with Photon Detection Efficiency (PDE) of the order of a few percent. Its
robust technological design allows for efficient use in large-volume particle
detectors, such as Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers (LArTPCs) or liquid
scintillator detectors. Due to its dielectric structure it can be placed inside
volumes with high electric field. It could potentially replace vacuum
PhotoMultiplier Tubes (PMTs) in applications where high PDE is not required.
The photon detection efficiency for a 10x10cm2 detector prototype was measured
to be in the range of 0.8% to 2.2% across the active area
Possible Association of APOE Genotype with Working Memory in Young Adults
Possession of the Δ4 allele of the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. Early adult life effects of Δ4 are less well understood. Working memory has been relatively little studied (compared to episodic memory) in relation to APOE genotype despite its importance in cognitive functioning. Our hypothesis was that Δ4 would lead to an impairment in working memory in young adults.We studied working memory using a computerised n-back task in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) at age 18. Data was available for 1049-1927 participants and for the 2- and 3-back versions of the task. Using multiple and multi-level regression controlling for important confounders we examined the association between APOE genotype on accuracy and reaction times.There was no evidence of a genotype effect on accuracy when the two difficulty levels were examined separately. There was some evidence to support a deleterious effect of the Δ4 allele on n-back accuracy in the multi-level regression. There was weak evidence that the Δ22 group were less accurate but the numbers were very low in this group. The Δ34 group had faster reaction times than the reference Δ33 group in all adjusted analyses but the Δ44 group were only faster in the 3-back condition in multi-level analyses.There was no evidence of benefit in Δ4 carriers, but there was some evidence of a detrimental effect on working memory in this large study
Popular music, psychogeography, place identity and tourism: The case of Sheffield
Tourism and cultural agencies in some English provincial cities are promoting their popular music âheritageâ and, in some cases, contemporary musicians through the packaging of trails, sites, âiconicâ venues and festivals. This article focuses on Sheffield, a âpost-industrialâ northern English city which is drawing on its associations with musicians past and present in seeking to attract tourists. This article is based on interviews with, among others, recording artists, promoters, producers and venue managers, along with reflective observational and documentary data. Theoretical remarks are made on the representations of popular musicians through cultural tourism strategies, programmes and products and also on the ways in which musicians convey a âpsychogeographicalâ sense of place in the âsoundscapeâ of the city
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