MARYLAND'S REGULATORY APPROACH TO NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT

Environmental Economics and Policy,

Rotating gravity currents: small-scale and large-scale laboratory experiments and a geostrophic model

Laboratory experiments simulating gravity-driven coastal surface currents produced by estuarine fresh-water discharges into the ocean are discussed. The currents are generated inside a rotating tank filled with salt water by the continuous release of buoyant fresh water from a small source at the fluid surface. The height, the width and the length of the currents are studied as a function of the background rotation rate, the volumetric discharge rate and the density difference at the source. Two complementary experimental data sets are discussed and compared with each other. One set of experiments was carried out in a tank of diameter 1 m on a small-scale rotating turntable. The second set of experiments was conducted at the large-scale Coriolis Facility (LEGI, Grenoble) which has a tank of diameter 13 m. A simple geostrophic model predicting the current height, width and propagation velocity is developed. The experiments and the model are compared with each other in terms of a set of non-dimensional parameters identified in the theoretical analysis of the problem. These parameters enable the corresponding data of the large-scale and the small-scale experiments to be collapsed onto a single line. Good agreement between the model and the experiments is found

A Test of Cultural Treatments Selected to Improve the Chemical and Physical Characteristics of Reclaimed Surface Mine Spoil for the Growth of Loblolly Pine in East Tennessee

Three surface mine spoil areas in East Tennessee were selected for testing the influence of the State reclamation requirements and selected supplementary treatments on the survival and growth of pines recommended for planting on various sites. A high elevation (2,800 feet) test near Caryville, Tennessee, was discarded because of poor survival of white pine and site modification by contractors working in the area. Fertilizer tests on two established loblolly pine plantations, one on new and the other on old spoil from mining the Sewanee coal seam near Cagle, Tennessee (1,850 feet), indicated that N additions of both 50 and 100 pounds per acre increased growth; response duration appeared to increase when P was added. On the older spoil liming appeared to decrease response to N, especially at 4 tons per acre (State requirement). On new spoil the greatest growth was in plots receiving N with 2 tons of lime per acre; growth was less when lime was added at 4 tons per acre. Trees on the older spoil were heavily mycorrhizal with Pisolithus tinctorius while trees on the younger spoil were essentially non-mycorrhizal, possibly accounting for greater vigor and growth on the older spoil and the absence of a response to liming. Winter injury (1976-1977) was greater in those trees that grew most rapidly during the previous growing season, especially in the older planting. On a surface mine near Oliver Springs, Tennessee (2,250 feet elevation), application of a wetting agent and/or a NP fertilizer to the soil appeared to increase growth of trees but survival decreased when either were applied to loblolly pine at planting time. Seedlings inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi survived better and grew more than those not inoculated. Grass density appeared to be the primary factor influencing seedling survival, with high mortality in dense lovegrass

The derived moduli space of stable sheaves

We construct the derived scheme of stable sheaves on a smooth projective variety via derived moduli of finite graded modules over a graded ring. We do this by dividing the derived scheme of actions of Ciocan-Fontanine and Kapranov by a suitable algebraic gauge group. We show that the natural notion of GIT-stability for graded modules reproduces stability for sheaves

The effect of metapopulation processes on the spatial scale of adaptation across an environmental gradient

We show that the butterfly Aricia agestis (Lycaenidae) is adapted to its thermal environment in via integer changes in the numbers of generations per year (voltinism): it has two generations per year in warm habitats and one generation per year in cool habitats in north Wales (UK). Voltinism is an “adaptive peak” since individuals having an intermediate number of generations per year would fail to survive the winter, and indeed no populations showed both voltinism types in nature. In spite of this general pattern, 11% of populations apparently possess the “wrong” voltinism for their local environment, and population densities were lower in thermally intermediate habitat patches. Population dynamic data and patterns of genetic differentiation suggest that adaptation occurs at the metapopulation level, with local populations possessing the voltinism type appropriate for the commonest habitat type within each population network. When populations and groups of populations go extinct, they tend to be replaced by colonists from the commonest thermal environment nearby, even if this is the locally incorrect adaptation. Our results illustrate how stochastic population turnover can impose a limit on local adaptation over distances many times larger than predicted on the basis of normal dispersal movements

Reading Requirements and Basic Secondary Teacher Certification: An Update

Being involved with pre-service training of content teachers in a state which requires by law courses in reading method, we raised the following question: Since only two such studies appear in the widely circulated professional literature, were the findings reported by Bader truly representative of a positive trend toward a commitment to reading, or had the earlier comments of Estes and Piercey proven to be more prophetic

Foundations in Wisconsin: A Directory [22nd ed. 2003]

This 22nd edition of Foundations in Wisconsin (2003) is the first produced by the new Marquette University John P. Raynor, S.J., Library. The directory is designed as a research tool for grantseekers interested in locating information on private, corporate, and community foundations registered in Wisconsin. Each entry in this new edition has been updated or reviewed to provide the most current information available. Most of the data was extracted from IRS 990-PF tax returns filed by the foundations. However, additional information was obtained from surveys, annual reports, and foundation Web sites. The economy has slowed the growth of Wisconsin foundations. While the number of active foundations grew to 1160 (up slightly from 1151 last year), other areas are showing decline. For the first time in 23 years of reporting, both grants and assets decreased rather than increased. Grants decreased by .6% as compared to last year’s increase of 7.7%. Assets declined by 6.3%, down from the .3% increase documented in 2002. The following table illustrates the financial pattern over the last 10 editions.https://epublications.marquette.edu/lib_fiw/1008/thumbnail.jp