Research on the use of economies of scale in services industry

The research carried out in the present paper aims at carrying out researches on the use of scale ranges within the service providers with the following objectives: performing a synthetic diagnosis of the investigated units and determining the impact of the scale returns within the tourist services units. The obtained results verify the hypothesis of the application of the service efficiency principle so that a hostel with a capacity of 4 rooms records an average cost of 250 euro room-1 year-1 . This decreases significantly in such a way that a 6-room guesthouse receives a cost of 167.7 euro room-1 year-1 . The condition that the economical units surveyed benefit from the benefits of economies of scale is that they make every effort to ensure the highest possible capacity to serve. Otherwise, there are no economies of scale, but on the contrary, high service capacities have to bear large average costs

Sexual behaviour, attitudes and knowledge about sexually transmitted infections: A cross-sectional study in Romania

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are serious public health problems. Little is known about sex knowledge, attitudes, and sexual behaviors among young adults in Romania; an effective preventive campaigns should be based on an appropriate understanding of these factors. The aim of the present study was to obtain data about sexual behavior, attitudes, and knowledge about STIs among university students aged 18-25 in Romania. 3872 persons completed an internet-based questionnaire, advertised on Facebook, regarding sexual behavior, attitudes, and knowledge about STIs from January 28 to February 28, 2016. 6.01% of the respondents had no sexual experience; of the remaining (N=3639, 945 men and 2694 women) 94% were heterosexual, 1.5% homosexual, and 4.6% bisexual. 53.7% of the respondents started their sexual activity between 14 and 18 years of age; only 2.3% become sexually active before 14 years of age. 30% of both sexes reported multiple sexual partners during the previous year. 25.9% of men and 23.3% of women used no contraception at sexual onset, the proportion being higher among those with an early sexual debut. 98% of the respondents knew that HIV could be contracted sexually, 75.8% knew that gonorrhea and 61.1% that Chlamydia trachomatis were sexually transmitted, and approximately one third knew that trichomoniasis and hepatitis B or C were STIs. We found a relatively high proportion of students engaged in risky sexual behaviors and insufficient knowledge about STIs. The results are important in planning future sexual education campaigns and they call for new preventive strategies.</p

Sexual behaviour, attitudes and knowledge about sexually transmitted infections: A cross-sectional study in Romania

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are serious public health problems. Little is known about sex knowledge, attitudes, and sexual behaviors among young adults in Romania; an effective preventive campaigns should be based on an appropriate understanding of these factors. The aim of the present study was to obtain data about sexual behavior, attitudes, and knowledge about STIs among university students aged 18-25 in Romania. 3872 persons completed an internet-based questionnaire, advertised on Facebook, regarding sexual behavior, attitudes, and knowledge about STIs from January 28 to February 28, 2016. 6.01% of the respondents had no sexual experience; of the remaining (N=3639, 945 men and 2694 women) 94% were heterosexual, 1.5% homosexual, and 4.6% bisexual. 53.7% of the respondents started their sexual activity between 14 and 18 years of age; only 2.3% become sexually active before 14 years of age. 30% of both sexes reported multiple sexual partners during the previous year. 25.9% of men and 23.3% of women used no contraception at sexual onset, the proportion being higher among those with an early sexual debut. 98% of the respondents knew that HIV could be contracted sexually, 75.8% knew that gonorrhea and 61.1% that Chlamydia trachomatis were sexually transmitted, and approximately one third knew that trichomoniasis and hepatitis B or C were STIs. We found a relatively high proportion of students engaged in risky sexual behaviors and insufficient knowledge about STIs. The results are important in planning future sexual education campaigns and they call for new preventive strategies.</p

Методология и клинические аспекты опухолей молочной железы у несовершенолетних

Simpozion Naţional de Oncologie cu participare internaţională „Vigilenţa oncologică în activitatea medicală, depistarea precoce şi tratamentul tumorilor” dedicat aniversării de 40 ani de activitate a Catedrei de Oncologie, Hematologie şi Radioterapie a USMF “N. Testemiţanu”Summary: This article highlights the importance of clinical and methodological aspects of the mammary gland tumors of the girls, and it is based on the study conducted between 2013-2015 in the University Clinic and Pediatric Oncology Department of the INSP IO. The stake of this study was to argue the frequency of the fibroadenomas and phylloid tumors.Резюме: В данной статье рассматриваются клинические и методологические аспекты oпухоли молочной железы у девочек, и оно основано на исследовании, проведенной между 2013-2015 в университетской клинике в отделении детской онкологии INSP IO. Цель данного исследования было подтвердить частоту фиброаденомы и филоидных опухолях

Noi strategii de prevenire şi combatere a bolilor şi dăunătorilor la specia cireş

The research was carried out within the SCDP Iasi, in order to test ecological alternatives regarding the control of diseases and pests in the cherry species. The observations were made in 2019 having as research material 2 varieties of cherry (CĂTĂLINA, MARIA), grafted on mahaleb, the planting distance of 5X4 being in year VII from planting, the experience was placed on 4 experimental variants.The climatic conditions of this period were particularly favorable both for the evolution of the attack of the diseases (anthracnose and monilosis) and for pests. In the fight against diseases (moniliasis and anthracnose) the best results were obtained in the case of the chemical variant with Signum products 0.03%, Folicur Solo 0.075%, Mospilan 20 SG 0.03% and in the ecological variantthe best results were obtainedwith the products Deffort 0.3%, Copfort 0.3%, Mimox 0.2%, Laser 240 SC 0.06%

Generating bovine embryos through ICSI

Through ICSI, competition between sperms and also sperm-oocyte interaction are avoided thus ICSI proving reliable when sperm is not suitable for IVF. In bovine, the limiting step is represented by low rate of sperm head decondensation subsequent ICSI. Intracytoplasmatic sperm injection allows avoiding many critical moments that may occur during normal or in vitro fertilization. Oocytes were obtained from ovaries from slaughtered cows. These were transported in 0.9% NaCl solution in isothermal bags at a temperature of 25-30 ° C. The ovaries were brought from the slaughterhouse within 2 hours. Harvesting of the oocytes was made through the aspiration method. After maturation, oocytes were fertilized using sperm that was prepared using Percoll method and then treated with TritonX. The volume of the TritonX solution that accompanies the sperma and which remains in the oocyte is extremely important given that by its action, TritonX removes the acrosome, thus releasing a rich enzyme content and facilitating the dehydration of the male pronucleus. Even though the number of 2 nucleus, 2 cells or 4 cells oocytes is inferior to the data found in the literature, compared to the results achieved last year in the assisted reproduction laboratory within CLC-HC Timisoara, it marks significant progress. At the 2 cells stage, there were several oocytes from group 1 (24.39% vs. 12.5%), while at the 4 cells stage there were 14.63% oocytes from group 1 and 25% group 2. The use of TritonX solution for sperm treatment as well as shortening the duration of ICSI execution allowed us to get encouraging results. The results obtained are inferior to those presented in the literature but are far superior to those we obtained last year when the ICSI technique was assembled. Achieving the two- and four-cell embryonic stages justifies us thinking that we are mastering the ICSI technique

Subacute myoclonic measles encephalitis – An opportunistic HIV-associated infection

IntroductionAn unusual cluster of myoclonic epilepsy was observed in a Romanian pediatric HIV cohort concurrent with measles outbreaks. We describe this particular form of subacute measles encephalitis (SME) in a group of HIV-infected children and adolescents with severe immunosuppression.MethodsThis is a single-center study, starting in 1997 and covering 4 measles outbreaks in Romania. The presumptive diagnosis of subacute myoclonic measles encephalitis (SMME) was based on: (1) epidemiological data, previous measles episode or presumed contact with measles virus (MV), (2) clinical presentation with initial localized myoclonic jerks with rapid extension and subsequent motor deficit with preserved mental status, and (3) neuroimaging studies revealing cortical gray matter lesions. Definitive diagnosis was based on a neuropathological exam and immunohistochemistry of brain tissues, and measles RNA detection in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).ResultsThirty-six patients were diagnosed with a particular form of SME during consecutive measles outbreaks in Romania: 1996–1998 (22); 2005–2008 (12); 2010–2011 (1) and 2016-2018 (1). Most children were born in the late 80s and had parenterally acquired HIV infection in early childhood. Before the episode of SMME, 11 patients had confirmed measles, while the rest, without typical rash, had a respiratory tract infection and/or presumed previous measles contact. In all patients, the clinical onset was sudden, with unilateral myoclonus. MRI findings revealed mainly focal cortical gray matter lesions. Neurologic symptoms progressed rapidly to coma and death in most patients. Three patients survived SMME, they had higher CD4 count at onset, slower progression of neurological symptoms, and benefit of immune recovery with cART. Immunocytochemistry studies revealed MV in the brain with a pattern suggesting an ascending viral neural infection. MV was isolated from CSF in 7 out of 8 patients. Sequence analysis of MV RNA from both nasopharyngeal swabs and CSF was available for one patient with similar N-450 strain characteristics.ConclusionDuring an outbreak of measles, neurological manifestations, especially myoclonus in immunosuppressed patients, can be related to measles even in the absence of an acute episode. This particular form of subacute myoclonic measles encephalitis is an opportunistic fatal disease. Immune recovery due to effective antiretroviral treatment might increase survival

Bovine and swine parthenots generating through electrical stimultion of the oocytes

Electrical stimulation is an alternative to chemical activation to induce 2+ influx, responsible for the formation of pores in the cellular membrane. In order to activate the oocytes, electrical stimulation (E.S.) was performed on 30 oocytes derived from gilts (L1), sows (L2), heifers (L3) and cows (L4). We considered that the stage of development of four cells is eloquent for certifying the ES's division triggering and the results we are considering only refer to these parthenots. Following application of ES, oocyte activation occurred as follows: 6.6% at L1, 16.6% at L2, 20% at L3 and 46.6% at L4. It is obvious the higher maturation rate of oocytes from adult females as compared to young females (16.6% in sows versus 6.6% in gilts and 46.6% in cows versus 20% in heifers). The method of electrical stimulation of oocytes in the fusion chamber used in this paper is effective for activating the division in both bovine and swine oocytes. Activation of oocyte division following electrical stimulation is clearly superior when using oocytes from adult females. The electrical stimulation method used generated the upper division activation in cattle compared with the results obtained using swine oocytes

DMTs and Covid-19 severity in MS: a pooled analysis from Italy and France

We evaluated the effect of DMTs on Covid-19 severity in patients with MS, with a pooled-analysis of two large cohorts from Italy and France. The association of baseline characteristics and DMTs with Covid-19 severity was assessed by multivariate ordinal-logistic models and pooled by a fixed-effect meta-analysis. 1066 patients with MS from Italy and 721 from France were included. In the multivariate model, anti-CD20 therapies were significantly associated (OR&nbsp;=&nbsp;2.05, 95%CI&nbsp;=&nbsp;1.39–3.02, p&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.001) with Covid-19 severity, whereas interferon indicated a decreased risk (OR&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.42, 95%CI&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.18–0.99, p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.047). This pooled-analysis confirms an increased risk of severe Covid-19 in patients on anti-CD20 therapies and supports the protective role of interferon