Tactical decisions in the operative treatment of advanced and urgent cases of colorectal cancer

The authors reviewed retrospectively the patients treated in the Clinic of Surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC) during a five-year period (2008-2012). The main purpose was to consider the different tactical decisions for operative treatment in complicated, advanced and urgent cases. There were a total of 706 operated patients who were analyzed according to their age, gender, stage of disease, planned and urgent operative interventions, presence of concomitant diseases, performed operative procedures and mortality rate. The principles of assessment of every different case and those for making decisions for operative tactics and kind of intervention were described. The performed different operations in complicated, advanced and urgent patients were analyzed, too. Conclusions concerning the obtained results and their comparison with literature data available as well as concerning the benefits of differentiated tactical approach to every individual case with CRC were drawn

Estimates for the Cauchy matrix of perturbed linear impulsive equation

Estimates for the Cauchy matrix of a perturbed linear impulsive equation are obtained for given estimates for the Cauchy matrix of the corresponding unperturbed linear impulsive equation

Ground-based water vapour soundings by microwave radiometry and Raman lidar on Jungfraujoch (Swiss Alps)

International audienceWater vapour has been measured from the International Scientific Station Jungfraujoch (ISSJ, 47° N, 7° E, 3580m above sea level) during the winters of 1999/2000 and 2000/2001 by microwave radiometry and Raman lidar. The abundance of atmospheric water vapour between the planetary boundary layer and the upper stratosphere varies over more than three orders of magnitude. The currently used measurement techniques are only suited to determine the abundance of water vapour in different atmospheric regimes. None can resolve the vertical distribution profile from ground level to the top of the stratosphere by itself. We present such a water vapour profile where simultaneous measurements from a Raman lidar and a microwave radiometer were combined to cover both the troposphere and the stratosphere, respectively. We also present a study of the stratospheric and tropospheric water vapour variability for the two consecutive winters

Ozone detection by differential absorption spectroscopy at ambient pressure with a 9.6μm pulsed quantum-cascade laser

We report direct absorption spectroscopic detection of ozone at ambient pressure with a pulsed, DFB quantum-cascade laser (QCL) tuned within 1044-1050cm-1 by temperature scanning. Wavelength calibration curves were derived from FTIR and CO2 spectra and interpreted with respect to the heat transfer from the heterostructure to the sink. The laser linewidth (∼0.13cm-1 FWHM) was found to decrease with temperature, probably as a result of operation at constant current. Spurious spectral features due to baseline inaccuracies were successfully filtered out from the QCL O3 spectra using differential absorption. Reference O3 concentrations were obtained by applying the same method to UV spectra, simultaneously measured with a differential optical absorption spectrometer (DOAS). Column densities retrieved from QCL spectra are in fairly good agreement (±20%) with the DOAS values above 28ppm m. The estimated QCL lowest detectable, absolute and differential absorptions, (7×10-3 and 2×10-3, respectively), entail effective detection limits of 14 and 25ppm m, respectively. Ongoing improvements in the acquisition system should allow the achievement of detection limits at the level of commercial open-path DOAS systems (∼2ppm m) in the near future. Our results demonstrate the applicability of the differential absorption method to QCL spectroscopy at ambient pressure, and encourage its use for open path detectio

Blue lasing at room temperature in high quality factor GaN/AlInN microdisks with InGaN quantum wells

The authors report on the achievement of optically pumped III-V nitride blue microdisk lasers operating at room temperature. Controlled wet chemical etching of an AlInN interlayer lattice matched to GaN allows forming inverted cone pedestals. Whispering gallery modes are observed in the photoluminescence spectra of InGaN∕GaN quantum wells embedded in the GaN microdisks. Typical quality factors of several thousands are found (Q>4000). Laser action at ∼420nm is achieved under pulsed excitation at room temperature for a peak power density of 400kW/cm2. The lasing emission linewidth is down to 0.033nm

FEN1 Blockade for Platinum Chemo-Sensitization and Synthetic Lethality in Epithelial Ovarian Cancers

\ua9 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.FEN1 plays critical roles in long patch base excision repair (LP-BER), Okazaki fragment maturation, and rescue of stalled replication forks. In a clinical cohort, FEN1 overexpression is associated with aggressive phenotype and poor progression-free survival after platinum chemother-apy. Pre-clinically, FEN1 is induced upon cisplatin treatment, and nuclear translocation of FEN1 is dependent on physical interaction with importin β. FEN1 depletion, gene inactivation, or inhibition re-sensitizes platinum-resistant ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin. BRCA2 deficient cells exhibited synthetic lethality upon treatment with a FEN1 inhibitor. FEN1 inhibitor-resistant PEO1R cells were generated, and these reactivated BRCA2 and overexpressed the key repair proteins, POLβ and XRCC1. FEN1i treatment was selectively toxic to POLβ deficient but not XRCC1 deficient ovarian cancer cells. High throughput screening of 391,275 compounds identified several FEN1 inhibitor hits that are suitable for further drug development. We conclude that FEN1 is a valid target for ovarian cancer therapy