English Language Proficiency Achievement in 180 Hours Among 2006 Batch at Universitas Advent Indonesia

Nowadays, English is an official language around the world. Many people have problem forcommunicating because they do not know English. To exceed the problem, it is important tostudy English more and take Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) because it canhelp them to develop their English ability.The objective of this study is to contribute to this discussion by examining: If there is anysignificant difference in achievement of English language proficiency of the participantsafter taking English for 180 hours during six semesters.The participants were 63 young adult, they were 2006 batch enrolled in Universitas AdventIndonesia. The participants of this study have taken English Entrance Exam (E3in) in the firstsemester and English Exit Exam (E3exit) in the 6th semester.This research obtained the data as follows: X (E3in) as pre-test=63, Y (E3exit) as post-test=63.The means of pre-test was 353.65 with mean standard deviation was 24.488 and with meanstandard error was 3.085. And after the treatments, the mean of post-test was 443.83 with meanstandard deviation was 32.001 and with mean standard error was 4.032. The mean gain scorebetween the two tests was 90.17. This result was supported by t-counted result was 2.636 andt-table result was 1.671. It means that t-counted > t-table. Thus, Ha is accepted, that there is asignificant difference of achievement in English language proficiency after taking English for180 hours during six semesters

- EFEKTIVITAS PRP TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PROFIL LIPID DARAH TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN (Rattus Norvegicus) DIABETES MELITUS YANG DI INDUKSI STREPTOZOTOCIN: EFEKTIVITAS PRP TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PROFIL LIPID DARAH TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN (Rattus Norvegicus) DIABETES MELITUS YANG DI INDUKSI STREPTOZOTOCIN

Diabetes mellitus is a disease problem in Indonesia due to the inability of the pancreas to produce insulin so the body's metabolic processes are disrupted. Platelet Rich Plasma is widely known to be a treatment in various fields of medicine because it contains many growth factors (GFs) which are useful for triggering growth, tissue, and cell regeneration. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of PRP at doses of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 ml/kg BW for improving lipid profiles. This study used an experimental method where PRP was made twice centrifugation, then divided into each treatment, each group was given twice a week for three weeks. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used for normally distributed data followed by the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the analysis Mann-Whitney with a significant value of P <0.05, that is, there was an effect of PRP administration on improving levels of lipid profiles. The PRP dose of 0.5 ml/kg BW gave the effect of increasing the lipid profile except for HDL levels and a higher PRP dose was required to significantly increase HDL levels compared to the control group.  Diabetes melitus menjadi masalah penyakit di Indonesia akibat ketidakmampuan pankreas untuk memproduksi insulin sehingga proses metabolisme tubuh menjadi terganggu. Platelet Rich Plasma banyak diketahui menjadi pengobatan di berbagai bidang kedokteran karena  mengandung banyak faktor-faktor pertumbuhan (GFs) yang berguna untuk memicu pertumbuhan, regenerasi jaringan, dan sel. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efektifitas PRP dengan dosis 0.5, 1.0, dan 1,5 ml/kg BB terhadap perbaikan profil lipid. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan pembuatan PRP dilakukan dua kali sentrifugasi, selanjutnya dibagi kepada  masing-masing perlakuan tiap kelompok diberikan sebanyak dua kali seminggu selama tiga minggu. Uji Shapiro-wilk digunakan untuk data berdistribusi normal dilanjutkan uji Kruskal-Wallis diikuti dengan analisa Mann-whitney dengan nilai signifikan P < 0.05, yaitu terdapat pengaruh pemberian PRP dengan perbaikan kadar profil lipid. Dosis PRP 0.5 ml/kg BB memberikan efek perbaikkan profil lipid kecuali kadar HDL dan dibutuhkan dosis PRP yang lebih tinggi untuk meningkatkan secara signifikan kadar HDL dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol.