DINÂMICA DA COBERTURA DO SOLO DA MICROBACIA DO RIO GAVIÃO, ESTADO DE RONDÔNIA, BRASIL

Soil cover analysis is essential to know the impacts of anthropic activities on water resources and choose conservation practices to reduce environmental damage. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the spatial and temporal dynamics of soil cover in the watershed and riparian zone of the Gavião River using image data from landsat 5 and Landsat 8 satellites. From 1984 to 2022, a decrease in the native forest area (15.74 to 2.86 km2) and an increase in the agricultural area (10.67 to 22.55 km2) and the urban area (0.00 to 0.57 km2) in the watershed were observed. In the riparian zone, we highlighted the reduction of the native forest area from 1984 to 1997 (0.73 to 0.24 km2), an increase from 1997 to 2010 (0.24 to 0.58 km2) and a reduction from 2010 to 2022 (0.58 to 0.45 km2), and the inverse dynamics for the agricultural area. In 2022, soil cover was composed of 85.38% and 52.55% of agriculture, 10.83% and 32.85% of native forest, 2.16% and 0.73% of urban area, 1.63% and 13.87% of water, in the watershed and riparian zone, respectively. The reduction of the native forest area decreases the quality and availability of water in the region, being recommended the recovery of the native forest in the riparian area occupied with agriculture and part of the watershed, and conservation practices in agricultural systems.El análisis de la cobertura del suelo es esencial para conocer los impactos de las actividades antrópicas en los recursos hídricos y elegir prácticas de conservación para reducir el daño ambiental. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la dinámica espacial y temporal de la cobertura del suelo en la cuenca y la zona ribereña del río Gavião utilizando datos de imágenes de los satélites landsat 5 y Landsat 8. De 1984 a 2022, se observó una disminución en el área de bosque nativo (15.74 a 2.86 km2) y un aumento en el área agrícola (10.67 a 22.55 km2) y el área urbana (0.00 a 0.57 km2) en la cuenca. En la zona ribereña, destacamos la reducción del área de bosque nativo de 1984 a 1997 (0,73 a 0,24 km2), un aumento de 1997 a 2010 (0,24 a 0,58 km2) y una reducción de 2010 a 2022 (0,58 a 0,45 km2), y la dinámica inversa para el área agrícola. En 2022, la cobertura del suelo estaba compuesta por 85,38% y 52,55% de agricultura, 10,83% y 32,85% de bosque nativo, 2,16% y 0,73% de área urbana, 1,63% y 13,87% de agua, en la cuenca y zona ribereña, respectivamente. La reducción del área de bosque nativo disminuye la calidad y disponibilidad de agua en la región, recomendándose la recuperación del bosque nativo en el área ribereña ocupada con la agricultura y parte de la cuenca, y las prácticas de conservación en los sistemas agrícolas.A análise de cobertura do solo é essencial para conhecer os impactos das atividades antrópicas sobre os recursos hídricos e escolher as práticas conservacionistas para reduzir os danos ambientais. Assim, objetivou-se com o presente estudo analisar a dinâmica espacial e temporal da cobertura do solo na microbacia e zona ripária do rio Gavião utilizando dados de imagens dos satélites Landsat 5 e Landsat 8. No período de 1984 a 2022, foi observado o decréscimo na área de floresta nativa (15,74 para 2,86 km2) e um aumento da área de agropecuária (10,67 para 22,55 km2) e da área urbana (0,00 para 0,57 km2) na microbacia. Na zona ripária, destacou-se a redução da área de floresta nativa de 1984 a 1997 (0,73 para 0,24 km2), aumento de 1997 a 2010 (0,24 para 0,58 km2) e redução de 2010 a 2022 (0,58 para 0,45 km2), e a dinâmica inversa para a área de agropecuária. No ano de 2022, a cobertura do solo era composta por 85,38% e 52,55% de agropecuária, 10,83% e 32,85% de floresta nativa, 2,16% e 0,73% de área urbana, 1,63% e 13,87% de água, na microbacia e zona ripária, respectivamente. A redução da área de floresta nativa diminui a qualidade e disponibilidade de água na região, sendo recomendado a recuperação da floresta nativa na zona ripária ocupada com agropecuária e em parte da microbacia, e práticas conservacionistas nos sistemas agropecuários.A análise de cobertura do solo é essencial para conhecer os impactos das atividades antrópicas sobre os recursos hídricos e escolher as práticas conservacionistas para reduzir os danos ambientais. Assim, objetivou-se com o presente estudo analisar a dinâmica espacial e temporal da cobertura do solo na microbacia e zona ripária do rio Gavião utilizando dados de imagens dos satélites Landsat 5 e Landsat 8. No período de 1984 a 2022, foi observado o decréscimo na área de floresta nativa (15,74 para 2,86 km2) e um aumento da área de agropecuária (10,67 para 22,55 km2) e da área urbana (0,00 para 0,57 km2) na microbacia. Na zona ripária, destacou-se a redução da área de floresta nativa de 1984 a 1997 (0,73 para 0,24 km2), aumento de 1997 a 2010 (0,24 para 0,58 km2) e redução de 2010 a 2022 (0,58 para 0,45 km2), e a dinâmica inversa para a área de agropecuária. No ano de 2022, a cobertura do solo era composta por 85,38% e 52,55% de agropecuária, 10,83% e 32,85% de floresta nativa, 2,16% e 0,73% de área urbana, 1,63% e 13,87% de água, na microbacia e zona ripária, respectivamente. A redução da área de floresta nativa diminui a qualidade e disponibilidade de água na região, sendo recomendado a recuperação da floresta nativa na zona ripária ocupada com agropecuária e em parte da microbacia, e práticas conservacionistas nos sistemas agropecuários

Trajetórias da Educomunicação nas Políticas Públicas e a Formação de seus Profissionais

Esta obra é composta com os trabalhos apresentados no primeiro subtema, TRAJETÓRIA – Educação para a Comunicação como Política pública, nas perspectivas da Educomunicação e da Mídia-Educação, do II Congresso Internacional de Comunicação e Educação. Os artigos pretendem propiciar trocas de informações e produzir reflexões com os leitores sobre os caminhos percorridos, e ainda a percorrer, tendo como meta a expansão e a legitimação das práticas educomunicativas e/ou mídia-educativas como política pública para o atendimento à formação de crianças, adolescentes, jovens e adultos, no Brasil e no mundo

Educomunicação e suas áreas de intervenção: Novos paradigmas para o diálogo intercultural

oai:omp.abpeducom.org.br:publicationFormat/1O material aqui divulgado representa, em essência, a contribuição do VII Encontro Brasileiro de Educomunicação ao V Global MIL Week, da UNESCO, ocorrido na ECA/USP, entre 3 e 5 de novembro de 2016. Estamos diante de um conjunto de 104 papers executivos, com uma média de entre 7 e 10 páginas, cada um. Com este rico e abundante material, chegamos ao sétimo e-book publicado pela ABPEducom, em seus seis primeiros anos de existência. A especificidade desta obra é a de trazer as “Áreas de Intervenção” do campo da Educomunicação, colocando-as a serviço de uma meta essencial ao agir educomunicativo: o diálogo intercultural, trabalhado na linha do tema geral do evento internacional: Media and Information Literacy: New Paradigms for Intercultural Dialogue

Nanoformulations with Leishmania braziliensis Antigens Triggered Controlled Parasite Burden in Vaccinated Golden Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) against Visceral Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis is a widespread vector-borne disease in Brazil, with Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum as the primary etiological agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Dogs are considered the main reservoir of this parasite, whose treatment in Brazil is restricted to the use of veterinary medicines, which do not promote a parasitological cure. Therefore, efficient vaccine development is the best approach to Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (CVL) control. With this in mind, this study used hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) as an experimental model in an anti-Leishmania preclinical vaccine trial to evaluate the safety, antigenicity, humoral response, and effects on tissue parasite load. Two novel formulations of nanoparticles made from poly(D, L-lactic) acid (PLA) polymer loading Leishmania braziliensis crude antigen (LB) exhibiting two different particle sizes were utilized: LBPSmG (570 nm) and LBPSmP (388 nm). The results showed that the nanoparticles were safe and harmless to hamsters and were antigenic with the induction in LBSap, LBPSmG, and LBPSmG groups of total anti-Leishmania IgG antibodies 30 days after challenge, which persists 200 days in LBSap and LBPSmP. At the same time, a less pronounced hepatosplenomegaly in LBSap, LBPSmG, and LBPSmP was found when compared to control groups, as well as a less pronounced inflammatory infiltrate and granuloma formation in the spleen. Furthermore, significant reductions of 84%, 81%, and 90% were observed in spleen parasite burden accessed by qPCR in the LBSap, LBPSmG, and LBPSmP groups, respectively. In this way, LBSap, LBPSmG, and LBPSmP formulations showed better results in vaccinated and L. infantum-challenged animals in further reducing parasitic load in the spleen and attenuating lesions in liver and splenic tissues. This results in safe, harmless nanoformulation vaccines with significant immunogenic and infection control potential. In addition, animals vaccinated with LBPSmP had an overall reduction in parasite burden in the spleen, indicating that a smaller nanoparticle could be more efficient in targeting antigen-presenting cells

Vaccination with Formulation of Nanoparticles Loaded with <i>Leishmania amazonensis</i> Antigens Confers Protection against Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis in Hamster

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a fatal disease caused by the protozoa Leishmania infantum for which dogs are the main reservoirs. A vaccine against canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) could be an important tool in the control of human and CVL by reducing the infection pressure of L. infantum. Despite the CVL vaccine available on the market, the Brazilian Ministry of Health did not implement the use of it in their control programs. In this sense, there is an urgent need to develop more efficient vaccines. In this study, the association between two polymeric nanoformulations, (poly (D, L-lactic) acid (PLA) polymer) loading Leishmania amazonensis antigens, was evaluated as a potential immunobiological agent against VL using golden hamsters as an experimental model. The results indicated that no significant adverse reactions were observed in animals vaccinated with LAPSmP. LAPSmP presented similar levels of total anti-Leishmania IgG as compared to LAPSmG. The LAPSmP and LAPSmG groups showed an intense reduction in liver and spleen parasitic load by qPCR. The LAPSmP and LAPSmG vaccines showed exceptional results, indicating that they may be promising candidates as a VL vaccine

Estudos agrários: a complexidade do rural contemporâneo

Esta obra reúne trabalhos de pesquisadores de três universidades públicas brasileiras apresentados durante o I Colóquio de Pesquisas do Núcleo de Estudos Agrários da Unesp de Rio Claro, realizado em outubro de 2010. Organizada por Darlene Aparecida de Oliveira Ferreira, Enéas Rente Ferreira e Adriano Corrêa Maia, pretende compreender a realidade agrária brasileira contemporânea a partir de suas principais características, considerando o passado e o presente. A obra mostra que a diversidade espacial é umas das marcas importantes do sistema, com o mundo rural organizado distintamente em contextos regionais e atrelando culturas a áreas específicas. Por isso, os trabalhos tratam também de contextos espaciais historicamente construídos, dos quais emergem novos atores sociais ou se consolidam os detentores de estruturas passadas. As pesquisas identificam principalmente as características e as tendências da geografia agrária no Brasil do início do século XXI, os processos, como produção e migração, os usos modernos do espaço agrícola (como o turismo rural) e o papel atual das pequenas propriedades na agricultura brasileira

ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS: a data set of bird morphological traits from the Atlantic forests of South America

Scientists have long been trying to understand why the Neotropical region holds the highest diversity of birds on Earth. Recently, there has been increased interest in morphological variation between and within species, and in how climate, topography, and anthropogenic pressures may explain and affect phenotypic variation. Because morphological data are not always available for many species at the local or regional scale, we are limited in our understanding of intra- and interspecies spatial morphological variation. Here, we present the ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS, a data set that includes measurements of up to 44 morphological traits in 67,197 bird records from 2,790 populations distributed throughout the Atlantic forests of South America. This data set comprises information, compiled over two centuries (1820–2018), for 711 bird species, which represent 80% of all known bird diversity in the Atlantic Forest. Among the most commonly reported traits are sex (n = 65,717), age (n = 63,852), body mass (n = 58,768), flight molt presence (n = 44,941), molt presence (n = 44,847), body molt presence (n = 44,606), tail length (n = 43,005), reproductive stage (n = 42,588), bill length (n = 37,409), body length (n = 28,394), right wing length (n = 21,950), tarsus length (n = 20,342), and wing length (n = 18,071). The most frequently recorded species are Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 1,837), Turdus albicollis (n = 1,658), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 1,468), Turdus leucomelas (n = 1,436), and Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 1,384). The species recorded in the greatest number of sampling localities are Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 243), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 242), Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 210), Platyrinchus mystaceus (n = 208), and Turdus rufiventris (n = 191). ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS (ABT) is the most comprehensive data set on measurements of bird morphological traits found in a biodiversity hotspot; it provides data for basic and applied research at multiple scales, from individual to community, and from the local to the macroecological perspectives. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set. Please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications or teaching and educational activities. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS

Scientists have long been trying to understand why the Neotropical region holds the highest diversity of birds on Earth. Recently, there has been increased interest in morphological variation between and within species, and in how climate, topography, and anthropogenic pressures may explain and affect phenotypic variation. Because morphological data are not always available for many species at the local or regional scale, we are limited in our understanding of intra- and interspecies spatial morphological variation. Here, we present the ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS, a data set that includes measurements of up to 44 morphological traits in 67,197 bird records from 2,790 populations distributed throughout the Atlantic forests of South America. This data set comprises information, compiled over two centuries (1820–2018), for 711 bird species, which represent 80% of all known bird diversity in the Atlantic Forest. Among the most commonly reported traits are sex (n = 65,717), age (n = 63,852), body mass (n = 58,768), flight molt presence (n = 44,941), molt presence (n = 44,847), body molt presence (n = 44,606), tail length (n = 43,005), reproductive stage (n = 42,588), bill length (n = 37,409), body length (n = 28,394), right wing length (n = 21,950), tarsus length (n = 20,342), and wing length (n = 18,071). The most frequently recorded species are Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 1,837), Turdus albicollis (n = 1,658), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 1,468), Turdus leucomelas (n = 1,436), and Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 1,384). The species recorded in the greatest number of sampling localities are Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 243), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 242), Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 210), Platyrinchus mystaceus (n = 208), and Turdus rufiventris (n = 191). ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS (ABT) is the most comprehensive data set on measurements of bird morphological traits found in a biodiversity hotspot; it provides data for basic and applied research at multiple scales, from individual to community, and from the local to the macroecological perspectives. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set. Please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications or teaching and educational activities. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

O Protagonismo Infantojuvenil nos Processos Educomunicativos

Neste volume “O protagonismo infantojuvenil nos processos educomunicativos”, reunimos 53 artigos que transitam sobre a temática do protagonismo infantojuvenil em diversas experiências e processos educomunicativos e para facilitar sua leitura e busca por temas de seu interesse, eles estão organizados em 8 capítulos que abordam a educomunicação a partir do fazer das crianças e da apropriação da produção midiática.&nbsp;Expressão artística, rádio, vídeo, jornalismo, cultura digital, redes sociais entre outros são os temas abordados pelos autores destes trabalhos. convidamos o leitor&nbsp;a mergulhar nesta jornada educomunicativa, vivendo e revivendo junto conosco essas experiências vividas por outros, refletindo em cada texto sobre como estamos, como evoluímos e como seguimos os passos daqueles que com sua ousadia, amor e luta elaboraram os fundamentos da educomunicação