Phylogenetic relationships of Hydnum peroxydatum support the synonymy of Hydnochaete with Hymenochaete (Hymenochaetaceae, Agaricomycetes)

A combined dataset of rDNA ITS and LSU sequences was used to infer the phylogenetic relationships of Hydnochaete peroxydata (≡ Hydnum peroxydatum), the type species of Hydnochaete. The species was retrieved nested within the Hymenochaete s. str. clade; therefore Hydnochaete is regarded as a synonym of Hymenochaete and the new combination Hymenochaete peroxydata is proposed.Fil: Baltazar, Juliano. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Pildain, María Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Gorjón, Sergio P.. Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Silveira, Rosa Mara Borges Da. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Rajchenberg, Mario. Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Acanthocorticium brueggemannii, a new corticioid genus and species related to cyphelloid fungi in the euagarics clade (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)

Acanthocorticium brueggemannii gen. et sp. nov. is introduced based on specimens from Southern Brazil. This corticioid fungus is characterized by resupinate basidiomes with smooth to tuberculate hymenophore, a monomitic hyphal system with simple-septate hyphae, finely echinulate halocystidia, cylindrical to clavate, dextrinoid acanthophyses, and globose, hyaline, smooth, and thin-walled IKI– basidiospores. Phylogenetic analyses of a LSU data set and a combined data set of ITS and LSU were carried out and the new taxon was found to be related to cyphelloid fungi within the Agaricales. Descriptions and drawings of the microscopic features of A. brueggemannii are provided.Fil: Baltazar, Juliano M.. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Gorjón, Sergio P.. Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Pildain, María Belén. Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rajchenberg, Mario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Silveira, Rosa Mara Borges Da. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Brasi

Photo-assisted degradation of organic pollutant by CuFeS2 powder in RGB-LED reactors: A comprehensive study of band gap values and the relation between wavelength and electron-hole recombination

This work investigated the relation between direct band-gap conversion and excitation wavelength towards catalysis efficiency in red, green, and blue (RGB) light-emitting diode (LED) reactors. An integrating sphere and spectroradiometer system obtained the emission wavelengths of the operating modes spectra of the RGB-LED reactors. The effects of pH, catalyst, and H2O2 dosage were investigated, and the optimal photocatalysis conditions were found to be at pH 3, catalyst loading of 0.25 g L 1, 0.25 mmol L 1 of H2O2(aq) (30% v/v) for an initial model pollutant concentration of 75 mg L 1 and reaction time of 60 min. Under the higher intensity red mode (R1), the highest color removal rate was reached (88.1%), while in the conventional white light mode (WL), the decolorization efficiency remained 64.3%. Furthermore, the R1 mode showed a superior TOC removal than the WL mode, reaching the final removal efficiencies of 91.86% and 61.06%, respectively. Contrary to what has been reported, as the dominant wavelength of the irradiation source decreased, the efficiency also tended to decrease. The electronhole recombination increased as the irradiation mode decreased, and a work function (u) representing this phenomenon was obtained by the deduction of the relation between energy (E) and frequency (f) of the photons involved. Therefore, the insights presented in this work are valuable tools in increasing LED photocatalysis efficienc

Molecular characterization of an acidic phospholipase A(2) from Bothrops pirajai snake venom: synthetic C-terminal peptide identifies its antiplatelet region

This paper describes a biochemical and pharmacological characterization of BpirPLA(2)-I, the first acidic Asp49-PLA(2) isolated from Bothrops pirajai. BpirPLA(2)-I caused hypotension in vivo, presented phospholipolytic activity upon artificial substrates and inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation in vitro. Moreover, a synthetic peptide of BpirPLA(2)-I, comprising residues of the C-terminal region, reproduced the antiplatelet activity of the intact protein. A cDNA fragment of 366 bp encompassing the mature form of BpirPLA(2)-I was cloned by reverse transcriptase-PCR of B. pirajai venom gland total RNA. A Bayesian phylogenetic analysis indicated that BpirPLA(2)-I forms a clade with other acid Asp49-PLA(2) enzymes from the Bothrops genus, which are characterized by the high catalytic activity associated with anticoagulant or hypotensive activity or both. Comparison of the electrostatic potential (EP) on the molecular surfaces calculated from a BpirPLA(2)-I homology model and from the crystallographic models of a group of close homologues revealed that the greatest number of charge inversions occurred on the face opposite to the active site entrance, particularly in the Ca2+ ion binding loop. This observation suggests a possible relationship between the basic or acid character of PLA(2) enzymes and the functionality of the Ca2+ ion binding loop.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia em Toxinas (INCT-Tox), BrazilUniv São Paulo, Dept Anal Clin Toxicol & Bromatol, Fac Ciencias Farmaceut Ribeirao Preto, BR-14040903 Ribeirao Preto, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Paraiba, DBM, Ctr Ciencias Exatas & Nat, Joao Pessoa, PB, BrazilFiocruz MS, IOC, Lab Bioquim Prot & Peptideos, BR-21045900 Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUFU, Fac Ciencias Integradas Pontal, Ituiutaba, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Fluminense, Inst Biol, Dept Biol Celular & Mol GCM, Niteroi, RJ, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biofis, São Paulo, BrazilCtr Nacl Pesquisas Energia & Mat, Lab Nacl Biociencias, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Joao Del Rei, Divinopolis, MG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biofis, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc