18 research outputs found
Amitav Ghosh in interview with Neluka Silva and Alex Tickell
Neluka Silva: Amitav Ghosh, you are a novelist and you also write journalistic pieces on travel. in what ways are your travel writing and fiction linked? Am1tav Ghosh: It\u27s hard to say. I don\u27t think of my journalistic writing as \u27travel wnhng\u27 as such; for me, travelling is always in some way connected with my fictional work. It\u27s a very close link, I would say
HLA Class I and Class II Associations in Dengue Viral Infections in a Sri Lankan Population
BACKGROUND: HLA class I and class II alleles have been shown to be associated with the development of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)/dengue shock syndrome (DSS) in different populations. However, the majority of studies have been based on limited numbers of patients. In this study we aimed to investigate the HLA-class I and class II alleles that are positively and negatively associated with the development of DSS in a cohort of patients with DHF and also the alleles associated with development of DHF during primary dengue infections in a Sri Lankan population. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The allele frequencies of HLA class I and class II alleles were compared in 110 patients with DHF and 119 individuals from the population who had never reported a symptomatic dengue infection at the time of recruitment. We found that HLA-A*31 (corrected P = 0.01) and DRB1*08 (corrected P = 0.009) were associated with susceptibility to DSS when infected with the dengue virus, during secondary dengue infection. The frequency of DRB1*08 allele was 28.7 times higher than in the normal population in patients with DSS. HLA-A*31 allele was increased 16.6 fold in DHF who developed shock when compared to those who did not develop shock. A*24 (corrected P = 0.03) and DRB1*12 (corrected P = 0.041) were strongly associated with the development of DHF during primary dengue infection. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These data suggest that certain HLA alleles confer susceptibility/protection to severe dengue infections. As T cell epitope recognition depend on the HLA type of an individual, it would be now important to investigate how epitope specific T cells associate with primary and secondary dengue infections and in severe dengue infections
Telecom use on a shoestring : expenditures and perceptions of costs amongst the financially constrained, version 2.2
Copublished with LIRNEasi
Allele frequencies (AF) of the HLA alleles of the normal population, patients with DHF who did not develop shock and patients who developed shock.
<p>Allele frequencies (AF) of the HLA alleles of the normal population, patients with DHF who did not develop shock and patients who developed shock.</p
Clinical characteristics of DHF patients with primary and secondary dengue.
<p>Clinical characteristics of DHF patients with primary and secondary dengue.</p
Allele frequencies (AF) of the HLA alleles of normal population and patients with primary (PD) and secondary dengue (SD).
<p>Allele frequencies (AF) of the HLA alleles of normal population and patients with primary (PD) and secondary dengue (SD).</p
Allele frequencies (AF) of the HLA types of normal population (who so far have not reported a symptomatic dengue infection) and patients with acute DHF.
<p>Allele frequencies (AF) of the HLA types of normal population (who so far have not reported a symptomatic dengue infection) and patients with acute DHF.</p