O cinema na greve e a greve no cinema: memórias dos metalúrgicos do ABC (1979-1991)

Este trabalho discute o embate entre visões fílmicas e memórias elaboradas sobre a primeira greve geral metalúrgica do ABC, em março de 1979, que atingiu o setor automotivo, central na economia brasileira naqueles anos e símbolo da atividade industrial do século XX, tentando relacionar a construção da história na tela ao movimento. Três cineastas: o militante da Ala Vermelha Renato Tapajós e os comunistas Leon Hirszman e João Batista de Andrade, cada qual com sua equipe, realizaram seis filmes de curta e longa-metragem, documentários e de ficção, cinco finalizados e lançados entre 1979 e 1982, enquanto a liderança daquela greve emergia na arena política com a fundação do PT (Partido dos Trabalhadores) em 1980, em oposição do PCB (Partido Comunista Brasileiro). Com suas imagens censuradas pela TV, os grevistas "fabulam" (DELEUZE, 1985) sobre aquela greve nos documentários. Tapajós e Batista através dos curtas-metragens Greve de março e Greve!, lançados no calor da hora, dialogaram com os desdobramentos da greve. Batista e Leon, dirigentes de associações de cineastas, financiados pela Embrafilme (1969-1990), rodaram e lançaram respectivamente O homem que virou suco (1980), cuja referência àquela greve é direta, pontual e breve com a inserção de planos do curta-metragem, e Eles não usam black-tie (1981), a história de uma greve que, todavia, renega o exemplo de São Bernardo; ambos foram exibidos em salas paulistas, cariocas, de outras capitais e, também para os operários do ABC. Tapajós, cuja experiência com os metalúrgicos antecedia à greve de 1979, continuou a filmá-los até 1981 e realizou o longa-metragem Linha de montagem (1982), exibido para os protagonistas. Leon, por sua vez, diretor de Black-tie, maior sucesso comercial sobre o tema no cinema brasileiro, não concluiu o documentário ABC da greve que, finalizado pelo fotógrafo Adrian Cooper, estreou em 1991 sem qualquer vínculo com os protagonistasThis work discuss the dispute between film points of view and memories elaborated about the first metallurgic general strike, on March 1979, which reached the motor-cars plants the Brazilian Economy main one in those years, symbol of Twenty Century Industrialization, trying to relate the history on scream to the movement. Three cineastes: the Red “Ala” militant Renato Tapajós and the communists Leon Hirszman and João Batista de Andrade, each one with their own team, filmed shorts and longs, documentaries and movie pictures, five of them ended and showed between 1979 to 1982, while the strike leadership emerged on public arena by foundation of the Labour Party (PT) in 1980, opposing to Brazilian Communist Party (PCB). Censured by TV, the strikers “fable” (DELEUZE, 1985) up throughout the documentaries. Tapajós’s Greve de março (1979) and Batista’s Greve! (1979), shorts showed at the eleventh hour, dialogued to the movement development. After film the 1979 ABC strike, ahead their professional associations, supported by Embrafilme, Batista and Leon achieved to make and showed, respectively, O homem que virou suco (1980), in which the reference of that strike short but direct includes plans of Greve! (1979), and Eles não usam black-tie (1981), the history of a strike which denied São Bernardo example; both showed in paulista, carioca and others capitals movie theatres and also to ABC workers. Tapajós who filmed the metallurgists before the 1979’s strike, continued to film them up to 1981 to the long movie documentary Linha de montagem (1982) also showed to them. Leon who did the theme great success on Brazilian Cinema, did not end the documentary ABC da greve, ended by the photographer Adrian Cooper and showed in 1991 without any relation to the protagonists446 f

Evolution and epidemic spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil

Detailed metadata on all 1,182 sequences used in this study. File contains information on epidemiology, demography, location, diagnostics, sequencing statistics and evolution of 427 SARS-CoV-2 sequences generated in this study and 755 sequences downloaded from GISAID

Data from: Evolution and epidemic spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil

Brazil currently has one of the fastest growing SARS-CoV-2 epidemics in the world. Owing to limited available data, assessments of the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on virus spread remain challenging. Using a mobility-driven transmission model, we show that NPIs reduced the reproduction number from >3 to 1–1.6 in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Sequencing of 427 new genomes and analysis of a geographically representative genomic dataset identified >100 international virus introductions in Brazil. We estimate that most (76%) of the Brazilian strains fell in three clades that were introduced from Europe between 22 February11 March 2020. During the early epidemic phase, we found that SARS-CoV-2 spread mostly locally and within-state borders. After this period, despite sharp decreases in air travel, we estimated multiple exportations from large urban centers that coincided with a 25% increase in average travelled distances in national flights. This study sheds new light on the epidemic transmission and evolutionary trajectories of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in Brazil, and provide evidence that current interventions remain insufficient to keep virus transmission under control in the country