Stromal-vascular fraction content and adipose stem cell behavior are altered in morbid obese and post bariatric surgery ex-obese women

Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-19T13:49:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1914 bytes, checksum: 7d48279ffeed55da8dfe2f8e81f3b81f (MD5) sally_liechocki_etal_IOC_2015.pdf: 2915552 bytes, checksum: 8af3b1c114a5e8427115a01866e373f5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Clínica Médica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Xerém em Biologia (Numpex-Bio). Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brasil / Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (Inmetro). Diretoria de Programas. Programa de Engenharia. Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho. Departamento de Nutrologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho. Serviço de Cirurgia Plástica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Clínica Médica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (Inmetro). Diretoria de Programas. Programa de Bioengenharia. Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Clínica Médica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Xerém em Biologia (Numpex-Bio). Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brasil / Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (Inmetro). Diretoria de Programas. Programa de Engenharia. Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brasil.Introduction: Subcutaneous adipose tissue is an interesting source of autologous stem cells with a fundamental role in the pathophysiology of obesity, metabolic syndromes and insulin resistance. We hypothesize that obesity could alter the stromal-vascular fraction (SVF) and adipose stem cell (ASCs) functions, which could compromise its regenerative behavior. Furthermore, we aimed to evaluate whether ASCs derived from post bariatric surgery ex-obese women maintain their functions in a similar fashion as do those from individuals who have never been obese. Methods: The SVF of subcutaneous adipose tissue from control (n = 6, body mass index – BMI - 27.5 ± 0.5 kg/m2), obese (n = 12, BMI 46.2 ± 5.1 kg/m2) and post bariatric surgery ex-obese (n = 7, initial BMI 47.8 ± 1.3 kg/m2; final BMI 28.1 ± 1.1 kg/m2) women were isolated and evaluated by flow cytometry. ASCs were tested for lipid accumulation by perilipin, adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP) and Oil Red O staining after adipogenic stimulus. The cytokines secreted by the ASCs and after lipid accumulation induction were also evaluated. Results: The subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese and post bariatric surgery ex-obese women was enriched in pericytes (p = 0.0345). The number of supra-adventitial cells was not altered in the obese patients, but it was highly enriched in the post bariatric surgery ex-obese women (p = 0.0099). The ASCs of the post bariatric surgery ex-obese patients secreted more MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; p = 0.0078). After lipid accumulation induction, the ASCs of the patients in all groups secreted less IL-6 than the ASCs with no adipogenic stimulus (p < 0.0001). Obese ASCs with lipid accumulation secreted the highest amount of IL-6 (p < 0.001) whereas the ASCs from the controls secreted the highest amount of adiponectin (p < 0.0001). The ASCs from the post bariatric surgery ex-obese patients showed the highest levels of lipid accumulation whereas those from the obese women had the lowest levels (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: SVF content and ASC behavior are altered in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of morbid obese women; these changes are not completely restored after bariatric surgery-induced weight loss. The cellular alterations described in this study could affect the regenerative effects of adipose stem cells. Further investigations are required to avoid jeopardizing the development of autologous stem cell-based therapies

Health-Related Quality of Life and Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: A Systematic Review

The negative impact of increased bolus modification on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in persons with oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) has been described in previous literature; however, findings may have been influenced by the severity of OD and underlying etiology. The current systematic review therefore aims to investigate the relationships between HRQoL and OD and to report on changes in HRQoL and OD following intervention. This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. A systematic search of the literature was performed using PubMed and Embase. All available English publications up to February 2016 that reported on OD and HRQoL were included. Articles that studied OD arising from esophageal dysfunction or included less than 15 participants with OD, were excluded. Thirty-five studies met the inclusion criteria. Inverse bidirectional relationships were found between decreased HRQoL and increased OD severity. Following intervention, changes were evident through improved HRQoL with decreased OD severity. The findings of this paper highlight the importance of targeting HRQoL in patients with OD. However, because of the heterogeneity in methodology, terminology, and assessment procedures used in the retrieved articles, the generalization of study results is limited. More research investigating the relationships between HRQoL and OD is needed. Future studies should implement study designs that lead to stronger levels of evidence, quantify the severity of OD and underlying diseases, use validated measures and less ambiguous terminology