Uso de nanobast?es de ouro para o desenvolvimento de aulas pr?ticas de nanotecnologia.

Use of gold nanoparticles functionalization experiment was conducted in a biotechnology summer course at UFOP as a model for the introduction of the laboratory practice in nanotechnology for postgraduate courses in the areas of chemistry and biotechnology. The gold nanorods were synthesized by the seed method and then, functionalized with anti-IL-6 antibodies using the reagents EDAC/NHS and polyethyleneimine (PEI). This nanocompound was tested against the binding with the specific antigen (IL-6) and changes in the longitudinal plasmon absorption spectrum showed the coupling efficiency, which was also verified by the decrease in zeta potential. The experiment was satisfactory, with a positive feedback from participants, and could be implemented in nanotechnology practical classes from postgraduate courses, as a way for improve education in the emergent area of nanobiotechnology

TUMOR OVARIANO DE CÉLULAS DE SERTOLI EM FÊMEA CANINA

Sertoli cells tumor, classified as a pure sexual cord tumor, is characterized by causing endocrine clinical manifestations. It is commonly found in males and is rare in females. The present study aimed to report a case of a Sertoli cell ovarian tumor in a female dog. The patient was a five-year-old female Shi Tzu dog, who complained of prayer position frequently and anestrus for two years. The physical examination determined diffuse and symmetrical alopecia, skin hyperpigmentation, fragile hair, and comedones, with increased volume in the left flank and sensitivity to abdominal palpation. The ultrasound examination evidenced the presence of a rounded structure, with defined edges in the topography of the left ovary, measuring approximately 5.27cm in its longest axis, in addition to incipient pyometra. After ovariosalpingohysterectomy, a histopathological evaluation of the ovary was performed with a diagnosis of sexual cord/stroma with an infiltrative Sertoli cell pattern. It is concluded that, although uncommon, it is important to include the Sertoli cell tumor as a differential diagnosis in cases of signs of hormonal dysregulation and changes in the estrous cycle, and animal's coat. The importance of imaging and histopathological exams for diagnosis, prognosis, and appropriate treatment is highlighted.RESUMO O tumor de células de Sertoli, classificado como tumor do cordão sexual puro, é caracterizado por provocar manifestações clínicas endócrinas. É encontrado mais comumente em machos e é raro em fêmeas. O presenteobjetivou relatar um caso de tumor ovariano de células de Sertoli em uma cadela. A paciente era uma fêmea canina, de cinco anos de idade da raça Shi Tzu, que apresentava queixa de “posição de prece” com frequência e anestro há dois anos. O exame físico determinou alopecia difusa e simétrica, hiperpigmentação de pele, pelos frágeis e comedões, com aumento de volume no flanco esquerdo e sensibilidade à palpação abdominal. O exame ultrassonográfico evidenciou estrutura arredondada, de bordas definidas em topografia de ovário esquerdo, medindo aproximadamente 5,27cm em seu maior eixo; além de piometra incipiente. Após ovariossalpingohisterectomia, realizou-se avaliação histopatológica do ovário, com diagnóstico de tumor do cordão sexual/estroma, com padrão de células de Sertoli infiltrativo. Conclui-se que, apesar de incomum, é importante incluir o tumor de células de Sertoli como diagnóstico diferencial, em casos de sinais de desregulação hormonal e alterações no ciclo estral e do pelame do animal. Ressalta-se a importância dos exames de imagem e histopatológicos para o diagnóstico, prognóstico e tratamento adequado

Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional: Fisiopatologia, fatores de risco e manejo terapêutico

O Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional (DMG) é uma doença que se caracteriza pelo aumento da resistência insulínica durante a gravidez. Ao longo de uma gestação saudável, o corpo materno passa por diversas mudanças hormonais. Dessa forma, essas mudanças podem promover um estado de resistência à insulina. O sobrepeso, a síndrome metabólica, a idade materna e a etnia da paciente gestante podem ser importantes fatores de risco para o DMG. O rastreio para essa doença deve ser feito com todas as pacientes gestantes durante o pré-natal. Esse rastreamento é realizado tanto no início do pré-natal, por intermédio da glicemia em jejum, que deve estar abaixo de 92mg/dL, como também entre 24 e 28 semanas, período no qual deve-se realizar o Teste Oral de Tolerância à Glicose (TOTG) em gestantes que não possuem o diagnóstico de DMG. Sabendo disso, caso o diagnóstico de DMG seja feito, torna-se uma gestação de risco, sendo necessário iniciar o tratamento e o acompanhamento da gestante. O tratamento pode envolver mudanças nutricionais, prática de atividade física e, se necessário, medicações como a insulina (mais utilizada) ou metformina. Logo, torna-se nítida a importância do rastreamento de DMG durante o pré-natal, haja vista que o diagnóstico e o tratamento precoce podem evitar diversas complicações da doença

O PAPEL DA SAÚDE BUCAL NA QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE PESSOAS PORTADORAS DA SÍNDROME DE DOWN

Down syndrome (DS) or trisomy of chromosome 21, as it is also known worldwide, is characterized by an error in chromosome distribution with the presence of an extra chromosome in the distal portion of it, generating specific physical and clinical characteristics throughout life of these people.  Thus, it is necessary that dental surgeons are scientifically grounded to efficiently assist patients with DS.  There are difficulties evidenced by Patients with Special Needs (PNE), especially Down Syndrome and their respective caregivers about prevention in the dental area, so this paper aims to identify and discuss the main issues related to the role of oral health in the quality of dental care.  life of people with Down syndrome.  A search of works was carried out in the following electronic databases: BIREME and PubMed, between the years 2010 to 2020. The search for electronic databases retrieved 22 articles.  After reading the title and abstract, reading in full and applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 09 articles were selected.  It is concluded that there are frequent oral changes in people with Down Syndrome and some of these can be observed and treated from the first months of the child's life.  In this way, this study contributes scientifically to the general knowledge of problems and frequent oral changes in people with DS and clarifies their means of prevention and dental treatments since early childhood as a way of improving quality of life and well-being of these patients.  A Síndrome de Down (SD) ou Trissomia do cromossomo 21, como também é mundialmente conhecida, é caracterizada por um erro na distribuição cromossômica com a presença de um cromossomo extra na porção distal do mesmo, gerando características físicas e clínicas específicas ao longo da vida dessas pessoas. Deste modo é necessário que os Cirurgiões-Dentistas estejam cientificamente embasados para atender com eficiência os pacientes portadores da SD. Há dificuldades comprovadas por Pacientes com Necessidades Especiais (PNE), em especial Síndrome de Down e seus respectivos cuidadores sobre prevenção na área odontológica, deste modo o presente trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e discutir as principais questões relacionadas ao papel da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida de pessoas portadoras da Síndrome de Down. Realizou-se uma pesquisa de trabalhos nas seguintes bases de dados eletrônica: BIREME e PubMed, entre os anos de 2010 a 2020. A busca das bases eletrônicas recuperou 22 artigos. Após a leitura do título e resumo, leitura na integra e aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão foi selecionado um total de 09 artigos. Conclui-se que há alterações bucais frequentes em pessoas portadoras da Síndrome de Down e algumas dessas podem ser observadas e tratadas desde os primeiros meses de vida da criança. Desta forma, o presente estudo contribui de forma científica para o conhecimento geral de problemas e alterações bucais frequentes nas pessoas portadoras da SD e elucida seus meios de prevenção e tratamentos odontológicos desde a primeira infância como forma de melhoria na qualidade de vida e bem-estar desses pacientes

Vertical Transmission of Zika Virus (Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) in Amazonian Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) delays egg hatching and larval development of progeny.

Zika virus (ZIKV) has emerged as a globally important arbovirus and has been reported from all states of Brazil. The virus is primarily transmitted to humans through the bite of an infective Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) or Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1895). However, it is important to know if ZIKV transmission also occurs from Ae. aegypti through infected eggs to her offspring. Therefore, a ZIKV and dengue virus (DENV) free colony was established from eggs collected in Manaus and maintained until the third?fourth generation in order to conduct ZIKV vertical transmission (VT) experiments which used an infectious bloodmeal as the route of virus exposure. The eggs from ZIKV-infected females were allowed to hatch. The resulting F1 progeny (larvae, pupae, and adults) were quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assayed for ZIKV. The viability of ZIKV vertically transmitted to F1 progeny was evaluated by cultivation in C6/36 cells. The effects of ZIKV on immature development of Ae. aegypti was assessed and compared with noninfected mosquitoes. Amazonian Ae. Aegypti were highly susceptible to ZIKV infection (96.7%), and viable virus passed to their progeny via VT. Moreover, eggs from the ZIKV-infected mosquitoes had a significantly lower hatch rate and the slowest hatching. In addition, the larval development period was slower when compared to noninfected, control mosquitoes. This is the first study to illustrate VT initiated by oral infection of the parental population by using mosquitoes, which originated from the field and a ZIKV strain that is naturally circulating in-country. Additionally, this study suggests that ZIKV present in the Ae. aegypti can modify the mosquito life cycle. The data reported here suggest that VT of ZIKV to progeny from naturally infected females may have a critical epidemiological role in the dissemination and maintenance of the virus circulating in the vector

Current strategies for diagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis and prospects of methods based on gold nanoparticles.

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a human systemic granulomatous mycosis caused by thermodimorphic fungi from Paracoccidioides genus. The disease is prevalent in Latin America and triggers a serious clinical condition. Consequently, rapid diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent progression of the disease, which can result in death. Currently, there are several established methods for PCM diagnosis. However, many of these tests still present challenges in terms of cost, accessibility and efficiency. In this scenario, gold nanoparticles represent a promising alternative since they have particular optical and electronic properties, which allow its use for biomolecules detection. This review will briefly present techniques available for PCM diagnosis and the perspectives of implementation of gold nanoparticles for diagnosis of this mycosis

Memory Effect on a LDH/zeolite A Composite: An XRD In Situ Study

In this memory effect study, hydrotalcite-type compounds in the lamellar double hydroxide-like (LDH)/zeolite A composite material were analyzed using X-Ray Diffration XRD) in situ experiments. Three samples were analyzed: Al,Mg-LDH, Al,Mg-LDH/ZA composite, and a physical mixture (50/50 wt%) of zeolite A and Al,Mg-LDH. The Al,Mg-LDH sample was treated at 500 °C in an O2 atmosphere and subsequently rehydrated. The Al,Mg-LDH/ZA composites had three treatments: one was performed at 300 °C in a He atmosphere, and two treatments were performed with an O2 atmosphere at 300 and 500 °C. In the physical mixture, two treatments were carried out under O2 flow at 500 °C and under He flow at 300 °C. Both went through the rehydration process. All samples were also analyzed by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the LDH phase in the Al,Mg-LDH/ZA compounds has memory effects, and thus, the compound can be calcined and rehydrated. For the LDH in the composite, the best heat treatment system is a temperature of 300 °C in an inert atmosphere

QUALIDADE DE VIDA, ANSIEDADE E DEPRESSÃO EM PACIENTES COM CÂNCER DE COLO DO ÚTERO AVANÇADO

Objective: evaluate the quality of life (QOL), anxiety and depression scores of patients with cervical cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by chemoradiotherapy. Methods: prospective cohort study of patients with advanced uterine cervix cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiochemotherapy at a teaching hospital in northeastern Brazil between November 2013 and January 2017. Quality of life was evaluated at four time-points: pre-treatment, after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, after radiotherapy and three months after the end of treatment using Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cervix (FACT-Cx). Anxiety and depression, we used the Hospital scale of Anxiety and Depression. Results: We studied 40 women, aged 24 to 67 years with an average age of 48 ±11.4 years who had between zero and nine children (mean =3). Most were single (57.5%), illiterate and with elementary school education (85.0%). At the 1st and 4th evaluation, the mean anxiety scores were 7 ±3.5 and 5.5 ±3.6, respectively, and the mean depression scores were 4.4 ±3.2 and 3.7 ±2.6, respectively, with significant variation between the depression scores. The mean FACT-Cx scores at pretreatment were 112.3 ±17.4. At the last evaluation, the mean was 116.3 ±27.6 with a range from 52 to 155, with no significant difference. Conclusion: QOL scores remained stable throughout the treatment. There was a significant variation between the means and proportions of depression, possibly the result of the psychological support offered, demonstrating the importance of follow-up during oncologic treatment, mitigating the impacts of the disease and its treatment. There was no significant difference in anxiety.Objetivo: evaluar la calidad de vida (CV), la ansiedad y la depresión en pacientes con cáncer de cuello uterino sometidas a quimioterapia neoadyuvante seguida de quimiorradioterapia. Métodos: cohorte prospectiva de pacientes con cáncer de cuello uterino avanzado, tratadas en un hospital escuela en el noreste de Brasil, entre noviembre de 2013 y enero de 2017. La CV fue evaluada en cuatro momentos: pretratamiento, después de la quimioterapia neoadyuvante, después de la radioterapia y tres meses después del final. del tratamiento utilizando la Evaluación Funcional de la Terapia del Cáncer-Cérvix (FACT-Cx). Ansiedad y Depresión, utilizando la Escala Hospitalaria de Ansiedad y Depresión – HAD. Resultados: se incluyeron 40 mujeres entre 24 y 67 años con una media de 48 (± 11,4) años que no habían procreado o tenían hasta nueve hijos (media=3). La mayoría eran solteros (57,5%), analfabetos o incluso con educación primaria (85,0%). En la 1ª y 4ª evaluación, las medias de ansiedad fueron 7± 3,5 y 5,5± 3,6 y las medias de depresión fueron 4,4± 3,2 y 3,7± 2,6 con variación significativa entre las puntuaciones de depresión. Las puntuaciones medias de FACT-Cx previas al tratamiento fueron 112,3 ± 17,4. En la última evaluación se obtuvo una media de 116,3 ± 27,6, variando de 52 a 155, sin diferencia estadísticamente significativa. Conclusión: las puntuaciones de calidad de vida de los pacientes se mantuvieron estables durante todo el tratamiento. Hubo variación significativa entre las medias y la proporción de depresión, lo que puede ser resultado del apoyo psicológico ofrecido a los pacientes, lo que demuestra la importancia de ese acompañamiento durante el tratamiento, mitigando los impactos de la enfermedad y del tratamiento. No se observó diferencia significativa con respecto a la ansiedad.Objetivo: avaliar qualidade de vida (QV), ansiedade e depressão de pacientes com câncer de colo de útero em quimioterapia neoadjuvante seguido de quimioradioterapia. Métodos: coorte prospectiva de pacientes com câncer de colo uterino avançado, tratadas em hospital de ensino no nordeste do Brasil, entre novembro 2013 e janeiro 2017. A QV foi avaliada em quatro momentos: pré-tratamento, após quimioterapia neoadjuvante, após radioterapia e três meses após término do tratamento através do Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy- Cervix (FACT-Cx). Ansiedade e Depressão, utilizou-se escala hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão – HAD. Resultados: Foram incluídas 40 mulheres entre 24 e 67 anos com média de 48 (± 11,4) anos que não procriaram ou tiveram até nove filhos (média=3). A maioria delas era solteira (57,5%), analfabeta ou com até ensino fundamental (85,0%). Na 1ª e 4ª avaliação, as médias de ansiedade foram de 7± 3,5 e 5,5± 3,6 e as médias de depressão foram 4,4± 3,2 e 3,7± 2,6 com variação significante entre os escores de depressão. A média dos escores FACT-Cx no pré-tratamento foi de 112,3± 17,4. Na última avaliação obteve-se a média de 116,3± 27,6 com variação de 52 a 155, sem diferença estatisticamente significativa. Conclusão: scores de QV das pacientes permaneceram estáveis ao longo do tratamento. Houve variação significativa entre as médias e proporção de depressão, que pode ser resultado do suporte psicológico oferecido às pacientes, o que demonstra a importância deste acompanhamento durante o tratamento, amenizando os impactos da doença e tratamento. Não foi observada diferença significativa quanto à ansiedade