Factors Influencing Largemouth Bass Recruitment: Implications for the Illinois Management and Stocking Program

Annual Progress Report issued August 2002; NOTE: Two different reports numbered 02/06 were issued from the CAE.Report issued on: August 2002INHS Technical Report prepared for Division of Fisheries Illinois Department of Natural Resource

Diagnostic Survey of Biological Measurements Used to Determine Bone Mineralization in Pigs Across the US Swine Industry

Pigs from 64 commercial sites across 14 production systems in the Midwest US were used to evaluate the baseline biological measurements used to determine bone mineralization. Three pigs were selected from each commercial site representing: 1) a clinically normal pig (healthy); 2) a pig with evidence of clinical lameness (lame); and 3) a pig from a hospital pen that is assumed to have recent low feed intake (unhealthy). Pigs ranged in age from nursery to market weight, with the three pigs sampled from each site representing the same age or phase of production. Blood, urine, metacarpal, fibula, 2nd rib, and 10th rib were collected and analyzed. Serum was analyzed for Ca, P, and 25(OH)D3, and urine was collected and analyzed for Ca, P, and creatinine. Each bone was measured for density, ash (defatted and non-defatted technique), and breaking strength. A bone × pig type interaction (P \u3c 0.001) was observed for defatted and non-defatted bone ash, density, and breaking strength. For defatted bone ash, there were no differences (P \u3e 0.10) between pig types for the fibulas, 2nd rib, and 10th rib, but metacarpals from healthy pigs had greater (P \u3c 0.05) percentage bone ash compared to unhealthy pigs, with the lame pigs intermediate. For non-defatted bone ash, there were no differences (P \u3e 0.10) between pig types for metacarpals and fibulas, but unhealthy pigs had greater (P \u3c 0.05) non-defatted percentage bone ash for 2nd and 10th ribs compared to healthy pigs, with lame pigs intermediate. Healthy and lame pigs had greater (P \u3c 0.05) bone density than unhealthy pigs for metacarpals and fibulas, with no difference (P \u3e 0.10) observed for ribs. Healthy pigs had bones with increased breaking strength compared to lame and unhealthy pigs for metacarpals and 10th ribs (P \u3c 0.05) with no differences (P \u3e 0.05) between pig types for fibula and 2nd rib. Healthy pigs had greater (P \u3c 0.05) serum Ca and 25(OH)D3 compared to unhealthy pigs, with lame pigs intermediate. Healthy pigs had greater (P \u3e 0.05) serum P compared to unhealthy and lame pigs, with no differences (P \u3e 0.05) between the unhealthy and lame pigs. Unhealthy pigs excreted more (P \u3c 0.05) P and creatinine in the urine compared to healthy pigs, with lame pigs intermediate. In summary, there are differences in serum Ca, P, and vitamin D between healthy, lame, and unhealthy pigs. Differences in bone mineralization between the pig types varied depending on the analytical procedure and bone. There was a considerable range in values within pig type across the 14 production systems sampled

The Effect of Bone and Analytical Methods on the Assessment of Bone Mineralization Response to Dietary Phosphorus, Phytase, and Vitamin D in Nursery Pigs

Three hundred-fifty pigs (initially 26.2 ± 1.23 lb) were used to evaluate the effects of bone and analytical methods on the assessment of bone mineralization response to dietary P and vitamin D in nursery pigs. Pens of pigs (5 or 6 pigs/pen) were randomized to 6 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design with 10 pens per treatment. Treatments were formulated to have varying levels of P, phytase, and vitamin D to provide differences in bone characteristics. After feeding diets for 28 d, eight pigs per treatment were euthanized for bone, blood, and urine analysis. The response to treatment for bone density and ash was dependent upon the bone analyzed (density × bone interaction, P = 0.044; non-defatted bone ash × bone interaction, P = 0.060; defatted bone ash × bone interaction, P = 0.068). Pigs fed 0.19% STTD P had decreased (P \u3c 0.05) bone density and ash (non-defatted and defatted) for all bones compared to 0.44% STTD P, with 0.33% STTD P generally intermediate or similar to 0.44% STTD P. Pigs fed 0.44% STTD P with no vitamin D had greater (P \u3c 0.05) non-defatted fibula ash compared to all treatments other than 0.44% STTD P with added HyD. Pigs fed the three diets with 0.44% STTD P had greater (P \u3c 0.05) defatted 2nd rib ash compared to pigs fed 0.19% STTD P or 0.33% STTD P with no phytase. In summary, bone density and ash responses varied depending on the bone analyzed. Differences in bone density and ash in response to P and vitamin D were most apparent with fibulas and 2nd ribs. The difference between bone ash procedures was more apparent than the differences between treatments. For histopathology, 10th ribs were more sensitive than 2nd ribs or fibulas for detection of lesions

The Effect of Different Bone and Analytical Methods on the Assessment of Bone Mineralization to Dietary Phosphorus, Phytase, and Vitamin D in Finishing Pigs

Eight hundred eighty-two pigs (initially 73.2 ± 0.7 lb) were used to evaluate the effects of different bones and analytical methods on the assessment of bone mineralization response to dietary P and vitamin D in growing-finishing pigs. Pens of pigs (20 pigs per pen) were randomized to 1 of 5 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with 9 pens per treatment. Treatments were formulated to have varying levels of P, phytase, and vitamin D to potentially provide wide differences in bone characteristics. After feeding diets for 112 d, nine pigs per treatment were euthanized for bone, blood, and urine analysis. There were no significant differences for final BW, ADG, ADFI, F/G (P \u3e 0.10), or bone ash (bone ash × bone interaction, P \u3e 0.10) regardless of the ashing method. The response to treatment for bone density and bone mineral content was dependent upon the bone (density interaction, P = 0.053; mineral interaction, P = 0.078). There were no treatment differences for bone density and bone mineral content for metacarpals, fibulas, and 2nd rib (P \u3e 0.05). For 10th rib bone density, pigs fed industry levels of P and vitamin D had increased (P \u3c 0.05) bone density compared to pigs fed NRC levels with phytase, with pigs fed deficient P, NRC levels of P with no phytase, and extra 25(OH)D3 vitamin D (HyD) intermediate. Pigs fed extra vitamin D from HyD had increased (P \u3c 0.05) 10th rib bone mineral content compared to pigs fed deficient P and NRC levels of P with phytase, with pigs fed industry P and vitamin D, and NRC P with monocalcium intermediate. In summary, bone density and bone mineral content responses varied depending on the bone. The difference between bone ash procedures was more apparent than the differences between diets. Differences in bone density and mineral content in response to P and vitamin D were most apparent with the 10th ribs

Factors Influencing Largemouth Bass Recruitment: Implications for the Illinois Management and Stocking Program

Report issued on: August 2001INHS Technical Report prepared for Division of Fisheries Illinois Department of Natural Resource

Factors Influencing Largemouth Bass Recruitment: Implications for the Illinois Management and Stocking Program, Annual Progress Report

issued August 1, 2004; Federal Aid Project F-135-R, July 1, 2003 to June 30, 2004Report issued on: August 1, 2004INHS Technical Report submitted to Division of Fisheries, Illinois Department of Natural Resource

Factors Influencing Largemouth Bass Recruitment: Implications for the Illinois Management and Stocking Program

Federal Aid Project F-135-R issued August 1, 2003INHS Technical Report prepared for Division of Fisheries, Illinois Department of Natural Resource