Technical Translation for PhD Programs within an English Course in Russian Technical Universities

This paper discusses the necessity to include translation practices into a compulsory language course intended for PhD students, which entailed thorough reviewing and overhauling programs and syllabi currently in use in tertiary technical education in Russia. The methods applied involve (1) student and teacher survey to identify the needs of program graduates and (2) a correlation analysis to examine the content of FL courses within technical PhD programs. The paper also proposes reallocation of contact hours, which should provide ameliorative interference to allow universities to get closer to the objectives set

ОСНОВНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ЭКОНОМИКО-МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ РЫНКА ЖИЛОЙ НЕДВИЖИМОСТИ

The article considers the historical studies of economical and mathematical modeling of residential real estate market; also it includes the survey of the development of modern dwelling-construction business model. On the basis of the analysis of different resources of studies an econometric model for the residential real estate market is suggested and developed.В статье рассматривается история исследований экономико-математического моделирования рынка жилой недвижимости, приводится обзор становления современной бизнес-модели управления жилым строительством. На основе анализа различных источников предлагается модель рынка жилой недвижимости и разрабатывается эконометрическая модель

ON THE ISSUE OF PLANNING SOWING AGRICULTURAL CROPS WITH THE MINIMUM RISK UNDER THE PRESENCE OF VARIOUS AGROCLIMATIC CONDITIONS

The present paper deals with one problem of quantitative controlling the seeding of the sown area by agricultural crops in different agroclimatic conditions. The considered problem is studied from the standpoint of three strategies: from the seeding planning perspective aiming at minimal risk associated with possible unfavourable agroclimatic conditions (a probabilistic approach is used); from the perspective of obtaining the maximum crops sales profit (a deterministic approach is used); from the perspective of obtaining the maximum crops harvest. For the considered problem, mathematical models are constructed (one probabilistic model and two deterministic models, respectively), their analytical solutions are found, and then, using a specific example, the application of the constructed and solved mathematical models is illustrated as well as the obtained numerical results are analysed.

Semi-Wild Population of Kulans in the Bukhara Breeding Centre and Their Co-Habitation with Przewalski’s Horses

Asiatic wild asses and Przewalski\u27s horses initially inhabited steppe, semi-desert and desert areas, but Przewalski\u27s horses became extinct in the wild, and kulans are under threat of disappearance. The Bukhara Breeding Centre (Uzbekistan) was created in 1976 for conservation and reintroduction of wild ungulate species. In 1977-1978, five kulans (two males and three females) from Barsa-Kelmes Island on the Aral lake were introduced to the reserve. The group increased to 25-30 animals in 1995-1998, when five Przewalski\u27s horses from Moscow and St. Petersburg zoos were introduced to the same territory. We analyzed the home ranges, preferred habitats and social interactions of these closely related species during 1995-1999 by season and group composition. Horses and kulans each formed a reproductive group and a secondary bachelor group. The home range of the secondary group in both species was larger then that of the reproductive group and seemed to be less dependent on watering places. Kulans and Przewalski\u27s horses demonstrated different strategies of habitat use. They can share one area without serious conflicts, avoiding competition by the temporal differentiation in the usage of key sites

THE IMPACT OF THE PURPOSEFUL USE OF INFORMATION RESOURCES ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND REGULATION OF GEOPOLITICAL PROCESSES

Objective: The article examines the role of information resources in the formation of the modern geopolitical world picture. Results: It has been shown that the globalization processes are subordinated to one geopolitical goal, so they often provoke the chaotization of the world space. The dominance of destructive elements in interstate relations leads to the division of countries into objects and subjects of world politics, which is largely a consequence of ideologically directed information flows. The article highlights the actual problem of our time, which consists in regulating geopolitical processes in the interests of all societies as equal subjects. The authors prove the need for constant reference to the best traditions accumulated by leading Russian philosophers. Conclusion: The authors believe that adequate management of information flows creates conditions for optimizing the interaction of various geopolitical elements. The article shows the real prospects for a sustainable global-regional world order, which are possible with a dialectical approach to information resources and their role in the formation of a new world community

Poor fruit set due to lack of pollinators in Aristolochia manshuriensis (Aristolochiaceae)

Background and aims – Interactions of insects with trap flowers of Aristolochia manshuriensis, a relic woody liana with fragmented natural populations from south-eastern Russia, were studied. Pollination experiments were conducted to identify the causes of the poor fruit set in this plant.Material and methods – The study was carried out at two ex situ sites within the natural range of A. manshuriensis in the suburban zone of the city of Vladivostok (Russia). The floral morphology was examined to verify how it may affect the process of pollination in this species. To test for a probability of self-pollination, randomly selected flowers at the female phase of anthesis (day 1 of limb opening) were hand-pollinated with pollen from the same plant. The daily insect visitation was studied. The pollen limitation coefficient and the number of visitors to the flowers were determined. To identify insects that lay eggs on the flowers, the insects were reared from eggs collected from fallen flowers. Both caught and reared insects were identified.Key results – The floral morphology and the colour pattern of A. manshuriensis are adapted to temporarily trap insects of a certain size. The hand-pollination experiment showed that flowers of this plant are capable of self-pollination by geitonogamy and require a pollinator for successful pollination. The positive value (2.64) for the pollen limitation coefficient indicates a higher fruit set after hand-pollination compared to the control without pollination. The number of visitors to the flowers was low (0.17 visitors per flower per day). Insects from three orders were observed on the flowers: Diptera (up to 90.9%), Coleoptera (8.3%), and Hymenoptera (0.8%). Four species of flies (Scaptomyza pallida, Drosophila transversa (Drosophilidae), Botanophila fugax, and Botanophila sp. 1 (Anthomyiidae)) are capable of transferring up to 2500–4000 pollen grains on their bodies and can be considered as pollinators of A. manshuriensis. Data of the rearing experiment indicate that flies of the families Drosophilidae (S. pallida, D. transversa), Chloropidae (Elachiptera tuberculifera, E. sibirica, and Conioscinella divitis), and Anthomyiidae (B. fugax, B. sp. 1) use A. manshuriensis flowers to lay eggs. Beetles were also collected from the flowers, but they were probably not involved in pollination, because no pollen grains were observed on them during our study.Conclusions – Pollinators of A. manshuriensis include mainly Diptera that lay eggs on the flowers. The poor fruit set (2%) in A. manshuriensis is associated with pollen limitation due to the lack of pollinators, as the number of visitors to flowers was extremely low. This may be due to the fact that the flowers of this species are highly specialized on insects of a certain size for pollination

CLIL and ESP at Tertiary Education: perspectives of Russia and Lithuania

Nowadays, ESP and CLIL are the two main players in the language teaching arena in global tertiary education. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the ‘strengths’ and ‘weaknesses’ of these two approaches and their methodologies. The data have been collected through interviews to trace: a) factors cause a university to adopt one language teaching methodology over the other; b) advantages and disadvantages of each one; c) level of teachers’ professional satisfaction in using CLIL or ESP, and d) availability of didactic tools and materials

Structural-energy states of water and aqueous solutions under external influence

The surface state of alkaline-earth metals and magnesium oxides obtained by means of commercial and laboratory ways has been studied in this paper. A complex of methods has been used for identification, determination of a phase composition and morphology of the samples. The high basic character of surface centres has been shown with the help of pH-metry and adsorption of indicators methods. Acid-basic parameters (pHt, pHiis, etc.) can be used for the estimation of a general acid-basic state of metal oxides samples surface and for the supposition about different nature and strength of acid-basic centres as well as for the initial control in the process of acid basic properties of solid oxides surface properties evaluation

Aging in Emerging Economies: Calls and Opportunities

The article is devoted to features of ageing in the emerging economies united under the general name «Emerging Markets». This group of the countries emerged in the XX century and given that their contribution to world economic development constantly increases, authors thought it would be useful to draw attention of readers to this phenomenon, which was in detail discussed by participants of a symposium «Ageing in Emerging Markets», which took place in Oxford in January 2015. Authors hope that materials of this article will be useful to the researchers cooperating with policy makers in the field of ageing and for the professionals working in adjacent areas such as social security, health care, etc., and activists of the nongovernmental organizations, which are engaged in practical activities in the field of ageing