Trypanocidal and leishmanicidal activity of six limonoids

Six limonoids [kotschyienone A and B (1, 2), 7-deacetylgedunin (3), 7-deacetyl-7-oxogedunin (4), andirobin (5) and methyl angolensate (6)] were investigated for their trypanocidal and leishmanicidal activities using bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei and promastigotes of Leishmania major. Whereas all compounds showed anti-trypanosomal activity, only compounds 1–4 displayed anti-leishmanial activity. The 50% growth inhibition (GI 50) values for the trypanocidal and leishmanicidal activity of the compounds ranged between 2.5 and 14.9 μM. Kotschyienone A (1) was found to be the most active compound with a minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) value of 10 μM and GI 50 values between 2.5 and 2.9 μM. Only compounds 1 and 3 showed moderate cytotoxicity against HL-60 cells with MIC and GI 50 values of 100 μM and 31.5–46.2 μM, respectively. Compound 1 was also found to show activity against intracellular amastigotes of L. major with a GI 50 value of 1.5 μM. The results suggest that limonoids have potential as drug candidates for the development of new treatments against trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis

Oligoamide, a new lactam from the leaves of <i>Angylocalyx oligophyllus</i>

<p>A new lactam, oligoamide (<b>1</b>), along with three known compounds (<b>2</b>–<b>4</b>), stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (<b>2</b>), formononetin (<b>3</b>) and (-)-pinitol (<b>4</b>) were isolated from the CH₂Cl₂/CH₃OH (1:1) extract of the leaves of <i>Angylocalyx oligophyllus</i> by chromatographic separation. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis (UV, IR, MS, 1D, and 2D NMR). Compound <b>1</b> was found to have weak antioxidant and urease inhibitory potential.</p

Bioactive Seco-Lanostane-Type Triterpenoids from the Roots of Leplaea mayombensis

International audienceFractionation of the ethyl acetate-soluble extract of the roots of Leplaea mayombensis afforded two new 3,4-seco-lanostane-type triterpenoids, leplaeric acids A and B (1, 2), the new lanostane-type triterpenoid leplaeric acid C (3), and six known natural products (5–10). Derivatization of the main constituent, 1, afforded the dimethyl ester 4, the monoamide 11, and diamide 12 for SAR studies. The structures of these compounds were established through spectroscopic methods, and a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was used to confirm the relative configuration of compound 1. These lanostane derivatives are unique since they are the first C-21-oxygenated lanostanes isolated from plant sources. Preliminary biological assays against the MDA MB 231 breast cancer cell line showed that compounds 1, 2, 4, and 11 have modest cytotoxic activity. Compound 2 was the most active, with an IC50 of 55 ± 7 μM. From these results, the amides (11, 12) derived from triterpenoid 1 were found to be less active than the derived esters (2, 4)

Bioactive Seco-Lanostane-Type Triterpenoids from the Roots of <i>Leplaea mayombensis</i>

Fractionation of the ethyl acetate-soluble extract of the roots of <i>Leplaea mayombensis</i> afforded two new 3,4-seco-lanostane-type triterpenoids, leplaeric acids A and B (<b>1</b>, <b>2</b>), the new lanostane-type triterpenoid leplaeric acid C (<b>3</b>), and six known natural products (<b>5</b>–<b>10</b>). Derivatization of the main constituent, <b>1</b>, afforded the dimethyl ester <b>4</b>, the monoamide <b>11</b>, and diamide <b>12</b> for SAR studies. The structures of these compounds were established through spectroscopic methods, and a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was used to confirm the relative configuration of compound <b>1</b>. These lanostane derivatives are unique since they are the first C-21-oxygenated lanostanes isolated from plant sources. Preliminary biological assays against the MDA MB 231 breast cancer cell line showed that compounds <b>1</b>, <b>2</b>, <b>4</b>, and <b>11</b> have modest cytotoxic activity. Compound <b>2</b> was the most active, with an IC₅₀ of 55 ± 7 μM. From these results, the amides (<b>11</b>, <b>12</b>) derived from triterpenoid <b>1</b> were found to be less active than the derived esters (<b>2</b>, <b>4</b>)