Serum levels of NT- pro ANP, BNP, NT-pro BNP and function of the left atrium in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction after myocardial infarction

The objective of our study was to evaluate the levels of natriuretic peptides in patients (pts) with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in 12 month after ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with a focus on the function of left atrium (LA) and left ventricular (LV) filling pressure. 55 pts were included in the study. 6-minute walk test was performed. Echo exam was performed by the diagnostic system VIVID 7. BNP in whole blood was determined using the Triage ® Meter BNP test. The serum levels of NT-pro BNP, NT-pro ANP («Biomedica», Austria) were determined in blood samples by enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA). LA volume index were differences (16.03±3.39 ml/m2; 25.36±8.26 ml/m2; 29.41±9.46 ml/m2 accordingly I, II, III class) depending on severity of HF. Well as E/E’ ratio were differences (7.5±1.4; 9.8±5.1; 13.5±7.6 accordingly I, II, III class) depending on severity of HF. The LA volume index correlated with levels of NT-pro ANP (R=0.29; p=0.04), levels of NT-pro BNP (R=0.37; p=0.01), levels of BNP (R=0.51; p=0.0001). The LV filling pressure correlated with levels of NT-pro ANP (R=0.45; p=0.002), levels of NT-pro BNP (R=0.49; p=0.001), levels of BNP (R=0.37; p=0.01)

Statistical Estimation of Quantum Tomography Protocols Quality

A novel operational method for estimating the efficiency of quantum state tomography protocols is suggested. It is based on a-priori estimation of the quality of an arbitrary protocol by means of universal asymptotic fidelity distribution and condition number, which takes minimal value for better protocol. We prove the adequacy of the method both with numerical modeling and through the experimental realization of several practically important protocols of quantum state tomography

An Indirect Method for Determining the Local Heat Transfer Coefficient of Gas Flows in Pipelines

An indirect method and procedure for determining the local heat transfer coefficient in experimental studies on the intensity of heat transfer at a gas–surface interface is described. The article provides an overview of modern approaches and technical devices for determining the heat flux or friction stresses on surfaces in the study of thermophysical processes. The proposed method uses a constant-temperature hot-wire anemometer and a sensor with a thread sensitive element fixed on the surface of a fluoroplastic substrate. A substrate with the sensor’s sensitive element was mounted flush with the wall of the investigated pipeline. This method is based on the Kutateladze–Leontiev approach (the laws of friction and heat transfer) and the hydrodynamic analogy of heat transfer (the Reynolds analogy): this is an assumption about the unity of momentum and heat transfer in a turbulent flow, which establishes a quantitative relationship between friction stresses on the heat exchange surface and heat transfer through this surface. The article presents a method for determining the speed of the developed measuring system. An example of a successful application of the proposed method in relation to the study of thermomechanical processes in the gas exchange systems of reciprocating internal combustion engines is described. © 2022 by the authors.Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, MinobrnaukaThe research funding from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Ural Federal University Program of Development within the Priority-2030 Program) is gratefully acknowledged

The role of viruses, inflammation and myocardial macrophages in the development of idiopathic arrhythmia

We studied viral antigens, inflammation, and macrophages in the endomyocardial biopsies of patients with idiopathic arrhythmias. Immunohistological study was performed to identify the antigens of cardiotropic viruses and the types of lymphocytes and macrophages. We observed the presence of viral antigens in the myocardium of patients with and without histological criteria of myocarditis. Heart failure and ventricular arrhythmias were associated with small focal infiltration of the myocardium with macrophages. The presence of viral antigens in the myocardium was associated with fewer number of myocardial M2 macrophages. Severity of myocardial interstitial fibrosis correlated with small-focal infiltration of M2 macrophages

TESTING OF MODELS OF EXPLOSION PROTECTION SYSTEM FOR HIGHVOLTAGE OIL-FILLED ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

Explosions of high voltage oil-filled electrical equipment (OFEE) lead to a significant material damage. These explosions occur under action of an arc discharge (AD) which arises after internal short circuit. Modernization of OFEE design and protection systems is the possible way to achieve significant reduction of potential explosion and substantial reduction of material losses. Examination of perspective explosion-proof OFEE designs and new explosion protection systems demands the effective test methods. In present work results of development and application of an arcless source of pulse pressure (ASPP) are described. In ASPP the testing impulse is produced by the jet of powder gases (JPG) which arises at the combustion of explosive materials. In this work results of experimental researches of AD in transformer oil (TO) at conditions typical for AD initial stage have been presented: current rise time was 3-5 ms, the maximum arc current was up to 30 kA, AD burning time was 3-20 ms. The energy released in AD amounted to 0.1 MJ. It was established, that electric field strength in AD column was about 0.2 kV/сm, gas producing factor in AD was 110 l/MJ, growth rate of pressure in TO was about 0.3 MPa/ms. These results allowed to create an ASPP with demanded parameters. Experiments proved that TO flow under action of AD and JPG are similar given that the same influence duration of the energy released in AD is equalled enthalpy of JPG at liquid inlet. In this work the transformer fracturing behavior after explosion has been analyzed; and the requirements for protection systems have been formulated. By means of ASPP the breadboard model tests of two well-known OFEE explosion protection methods were carried out. In the first method it is assumed that the protection is reached due to fast dump of pressure inside of OFEE case when special membranes are opened. In the second protection method it is offered to establish porous coverings on internal surfaces of OFEE cases. Experiments were carried out on OFEE model with the characteristic size of 1 m at action energy up to 1.5 MJ. It was shown, that these systems cannot protect the transformer body from significant damages. The dynamic protection system of transformer (DPS) has been described. The efficiency of this new system using ASPP has been verified in experiments with autotransformer of 25 MW. It was shown that DPS protects the transformer from considerable damages at least at dynamic impulse of about 3 MJ

Macrophage activation and polarization in post-infarction cardiac remodeling

Adverse cardiac remodeling leads to impaired ventricular function and heart failure, remaining a major cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with acute myocardial infarction. It have been shown that, even if all the recommended therapies for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction are performed, one third of patients undergoes progressive cardiac remodeling that represents morphological basis for following heart failure. The need to extend our knowledge about factors leading to different clinical scenarios of myocardial infarction and following complications has resulted in a research of immuno-inflammatory pathways and molecular activities as the basis for post-infarction remodeling. Recently, macrophages (cells of the innate immune system) have become a subject of scientific interest under both normal and pathological conditions. Macrophages, besides their role in host protection and tissue homeostasis, play an important role in pathophysiological processes induced by myocardial infarction. In this article we summarize data about the function of monocytes and macrophages plasticity in myocardial infarction and outline potential role of these cells as effective targets to control processes of inflammation, cardiac remodeling and healing following acute coronary event

Thermal structure in the Venus middle cloud layer

Thermal structure measurements obtained by the two Vega balloons show the Venus atmosphere in the middle cloud layer to be near-adiabatic, on the whole; but discrete air masses are present that differ slightly from one another in potential temperature and entropy. The Vega 1 temperatures are 6.5 K warmer than measured by Vega 2 at given pressures. Measurements taken by the Vega 2 lander on descent through these levels agree with the Vega 2 balloon data

Meteorological Data Along the VEGA-1 and VEGA-2 Float Paths

During their flight through the Venus atmosphere the Vega 1 and Vega 2 balloon craft measured the pressure and temperature of the ambient medium, the vertical wind-velocity component (relative to the gondola), the cloud-layer backscatter coefficient, the mean illumination level, and the number and time of possible lightning flashes. In addition, the ground radio telescope network measured the balloon positions and drift velocities by the differential VLBI technique; these data are now being processed

Modernization of the Intake Tract of a Piston Engine by Using a Pipeline with a Square and Triangular Cross Section

Современные двигатели модернизируются каждый год. Совершенствование газодинамических трубопроводов перспективное направление улучшения двигателя внутреннего сгорания. Предлагаем применение треугольного и квадратного профиля сечения канала для уменьшения застойных зон. В ходе натурного эксперимента с использованием тепловизора мы заметили уменьшение застойных зон в цилиндре двигателя с треугольным каналом и ещё меньшее количество данных зон с квадратным профилем. Применение профилированных каналов значительно изменит структуру потока газа, создаст равномерное поле скоростей внутри цилиндра, увеличит наполнение газовой камеры.Modern engines are upgraded every year. Improvement of gas-dynamic pipelines is a promising direction for improving the internal combustion engine. We propose the use of triangular and square cross-section profiles of the channel to reduce stagnant zones. During a full-scale experiment using a thermal imager, we noticed a decrease in stagnant zones in the cylinder of an engine with a triangular channel and an even smaller number of these zones with a square profile. The use of profiled channels can significantly change the structure of the gas flow, create a uniform velocity field inside the cylinder, and increase the filling of the gas chamber.Работа выполнена при поддержке РНФ в рамках научного проекта №23-29-00022.Supported by grant from the Russian Science Foundation №23-29-00022

Serum levels of NT- pro ANP, BNP, NT-pro BNP and function of the left atrium in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction after myocardial infarction

The objective of our study was to evaluate the levels of natriuretic peptides in patients (pts) with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in 12 month after ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with a focus on the function of left atrium (LA) and left ventricular (LV) filling pressure. 55 pts were included in the study. 6-minute walk test was performed. Echo exam was performed by the diagnostic system VIVID 7. BNP in whole blood was determined using the Triage ® Meter BNP test. The serum levels of NT-pro BNP, NT-pro ANP («Biomedica», Austria) were determined in blood samples by enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA). LA volume index were differences (16.03±3.39 ml/m2; 25.36±8.26 ml/m2; 29.41±9.46 ml/m2 accordingly I, II, III class) depending on severity of HF. Well as E/E’ ratio were differences (7.5±1.4; 9.8±5.1; 13.5±7.6 accordingly I, II, III class) depending on severity of HF. The LA volume index correlated with levels of NT-pro ANP (R=0.29; p=0.04), levels of NT-pro BNP (R=0.37; p=0.01), levels of BNP (R=0.51; p=0.0001). The LV filling pressure correlated with levels of NT-pro ANP (R=0.45; p=0.002), levels of NT-pro BNP (R=0.49; p=0.001), levels of BNP (R=0.37; p=0.01)