Reversity as a universal phenomenon of cognitive nature

The article covers the problem of reversity as one of the linguistic phenomena that helps to represent linguistic view of the world. In the article the authors try to prove that it is a universal feature typical of all languages represented by specific language structures in particular language. The study of such phenomena in different groups of languages gives the opportunity to find out some principles revealing the true nature of language development and semantic modificatio

ПРАКТИКО-ОРИЕНТИРОВАННЫЙ ПОДХОД В СИСТЕМЕ ПОДГОТОВКИ КАДРОВ ДЛЯ АПК РЕГИОНА

One of the main factors that define economic efficiency of agricultural production is highly-professional staff and blue-collar workers. The raising role of agribusiness staff is explained by necessity to intensify agricultural production by means of new approaches to production management and application of high-tech equipment and modern technologies. The problem of qualitative agribusiness staff is urgent in each region. During many years of reforms in our country, agricultural producers were deprived of professional staff training. Nowadays only small part of agricultural enterprises accumulates the experience of mutual cooperation with further training institutions. The rest part of employers remains passive in respect to the issues of training prospective specialists. The authors estimate the quality of human resources employed at agricultural enterprises ofOmskregion, satisfaction of employers with the level of staff training and cooperation of agricultural enterprises with institutions. The authors make conclusion about insufficient cooperation between agricultural producers and further training institutions. The authors make case that it is necessary to build the system of cooperation (practice-oriented approach) between agricultural producers and further training institutions that is represented in the paper. This approach solves two main problems related to the quality of staff training and their deficit.Одним из главных факторов, определяющих экономическую эффективность сельскохозяйственного производства, является обеспечение отрасли как высококвалифицированными специалистами, так и производственными рабочими. В настоящее время возрастание роли кадров в АПК продиктовано необходимостью последовательной интенсификации сельскохозяйственного производства за счет новых подходов к управлению производством, внедрения новой высокопроизводительной техники и передовых технологий. Сегодня проблемы обеспечения агропромышленного комплекса качественными кадрами испытывают в каждом регионе. За многие годы преобразований, которые происходили в России, сельхозтоваропроизводители практически выпали из звена профессиональной подготовки кадров. В настоящее время только малая часть предприятий сферы АПК начинает накапливать опыт взаимовыгодного сотрудничества с учреждениями системы профессиональной подготовки и переподготовки кадров. Остальная часть работодателей остается пассивной в вопросах подготовки будущих специалистов и рабочих. На основе проведенного анализа качества кадрового обеспечения сельскохозяйственных предприятий региона (Омской области), удовлетворенности работодателей уровнем профессиональной подготовки специалистов и рабочих и направлений сотрудничества сельскохозяйственных предприятий с образовательными учреждениями авторы делают вывод о неразвитости взаимоотношений между работодателями и учреждениями системы профессиональной подготовки кадров. Для того чтобы выйти из сложившейся ситуации, необходимо сформировать систему взаимодействия (практико-ориентированный подход) между работодателями и образовательными учреждениями, осуществляющими профессиональную подготовку кадров сельскохозяйственного профиля, которая представлена в работе. В результате такого подхода сельскохозяйственных предприятий-работодателей к процессу подготовки кадров будут решены две основные проблемы: качества подготовки кадров и их дефицита

Возможности МРТ в дифференциальной диагностике нелактационного мастита и рака

Non-lactational mastitis is an inflammatory process in the breast tissue that is not associated with lactation. The detection of a malignant transformation during inflammation process is often difficult, because it has similar clinical manifestations. Medical approach depends on the characteristics of the processes which are received from the data obtained from radiation diagnostic methods: whether or not there is a nodular formation or infiltrate, cystic cavities, dilatation of the ducts, how the axillary lymph nodes are changed. Diagnostic errors in inflammatory breast diseases are quite common; according to the literature, errors in the interpretation of clinical, mammographic, and ultrasound signs of cancer during inflammation account for up to 53.1% of cases. Inflammation, as well as cancer, in majority of cases is accompanied by a visually detectable increase in blood flow due to proliferation and neoangiogenesis. Magnetic resonance imaging with dynamic contrast enhancement (MRI) is highly sensitive in detecting areas with increased vascularization and makes it possible to assess their nature with a high degree of probability during any changes in the structure of the breast tissue, including edema and inflammatory infiltration.MR signs that allow to make differential diagnosis are a combination of pathological accumulation and lymphadenopathy, which are coded by the BIRADS system as category 4 and only the absence of contrast agent accumulation may suggest an inflammatory nature of the changes. According to the literature, MRI-DCE is a highly sensitive diagnostic method of identifying cancer during inflammation processes. The results of 85 MR studies with clinical manifestations of non-lactational mastitis were analyzed.The purpose of study: is to evaluate the possibilities of magnetic resonance mammography in making a differential diagnosis of non-lactational mastitis and breast cancer.Нелактационный мастит – это воспалительный процесс в ткани молочных желез (МЖ), который не связан с лактацией. Выявление злокачественного процесса на фоне воспаления нередко вызывает большие сложности, потому что имеет схожие клинические проявления. Врачебная тактика зависит от полученных при помощи лучевых методов диагностики признаков того или иного процесса: есть или нет узловое образование или инфильтрат, кистозные полости, дилатация протоков, как изменены подмышечные лимфатические узлы. Диагностические ошибки при воспалительных заболеваниях МЖ достаточно распространены, по данным литературы, ошибки в интерпретации клинических, маммографических, ультразвуковых признаков рака на фоне воспаления составляют до 53,1% случаев. Воспаление, так же как и рак, в подавляющем большинстве случаев сопровождается визуально определяемым усилением кровотока, обусловленного пролиферацией и неоангиогенезом.Магнитно-резонансная томография с динамическим контрастным усилением (МРТ с ДКУ) обладает высокой чувствительностью в выявлении участков с повышенной васкуляризацией, позволяет с высокой долей вероятности оценить их характер на фоне любых вариантов изменения структуры ткани МЖ, в том числе отека и воспалительной инфильтрации. МР-признаки, позволяющие провести дифференциальную диагностику, – это сочетание патологического накопления и лимфаденопатии, что кодируются по системе RADS как категория 4, только при отсутствии накопления контрастного вещества можно предположить воспалительный характер изменений. По данным литературы, МРТ с ДКУ является высокочувствительным методом диагностики в выявлении рака на фоне воспалительных изменений. Проведен анализ результатов 85 МР-исследований с клиническими проявлениями нелактационного мастита.Цель исследования: оценить возможности магнитно-резонансной маммографии в дифференциальной диагностике нелактационного мастита и рака молочной железы

Environmental-social barriers of the agri-food market as indicators of anthropogenic load on the agro-industrial system

This article deals with the interaction problems between man, nature and social institutions in the context of changing politics and strategy of the state in this field. Features of anthropogenic load on the agro-industrial complex were studied. The concept of barriers to entry the agri-food market, classification and types of barriers were defined. Ecological-social barriers have been investigated. The article is intended for specialists of the Ministry of agriculture and food of the Omsk oblast and local self-government bodies of regional municipalities, heads of agricultural organizations and processing enterprises, farmers, market specialists, researchers, teachers and students of agricultural universities

A short guide to recent developments in laser-based gas phase spectroscopy, applications, and tools

This article provides an overview of laser-based absorption spectroscopy applications and discusses the parameter space and requirements of laser systems for each of these applications, with a special emphasis on frequency comb systems. We walk the reader through the basics of laser absorption spectroscopy, review common line-broadening mechanisms as fundamental challenges to precision spectroscopy, look into established solutions, introduce frequency-comb-based absorption spectroscopy, and suggest a novel approach to broadband precision spectroscopy in the mid-infrared spectral region based on a combination of broadband high-power ultra-stable optical frequency combs, crystalline supermirror technology, and an instrumental line-shape-free measurement technique. We conclude after an introduction of noise sources and their implications for precision measurements with an in-depth discussion and overview of the current state-of-the-art laser and optical parametric frequency conversion technologies

Clinical audit of pre- and postnatal diagnostics of obstructive congenital left heart defects at the perinatal center (level III)

Aim. To compare the data of pre- and postnatal expert echocardiographic diagnostics of obstructive left heart defects (LHD) to identify a possible predictors and reasons for hypo- and overdiagnosis of this.Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of data from expert echocardiography of 194 fetuses and newborns with suspected obstructive LHD (coarctation of the aorta (CA), interruption of the aortic arch, aortic stenosis (AS), CA or interruption of the aortic arch with AS, hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS)) was performed.Results. After birth, critical obstructive LHD was confirmed in 59,3% of newborns (115 out of 194): in cases of prenatally diagnosed CA — in 41% of children (42 out of 103); AS — in 67% (4 out of 6); CA with AS — in 65,9% (27 out of 41); HLHS — in 93,9% (39 out of 44); or interruption of the aortic arch with and without AS — in 100% (11 out of 11). After birth, the discrepancy in diagnoses of critical congenital heart defects was detected in 2 cases — obstructive LHD were not confirmed, but total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (APVD) was detected. In children with a confirmed diagnosis of HLHS after birth, there was a hypodiagnosis of obstructive forms of APVD in three newborns.Conclusion. The probability of confirming a critical obstructive LHD after birth is higher, the more LHD were hypoplasized during intrauterine imaging. APVD may be “hemodynamically masked” as HLHS when prenatal echocardiography is performed. The combination of HLHS and obstructive forms of APVD can lead to HLHS “hemodynamic aggravation” due to an additional decrease in blood flow of left heart

Developing an agri-food market with food security

The article takes into account the peculiarities of the provision process of food security under the conditions of changing policies and state strategies in this field. The peculiarities of the domestic agri-food market are determined. Specialists from the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Omsk Region and local municipal authorities, managers of agricultural organizations and food processing enterprises, farmers, marketing researchers, scientific staff, teachers and students of agricultural higher education institutes form the target audience of the research

Reversity as a universal phenomenon of cognitive nature

The article covers the problem of reversity as one of the linguistic phenomena that helps to represent linguistic view of the world. In the article the authors try to prove that it is a universal feature typical of all languages represented by specific language structures in particular language. The study of such phenomena in different groups of languages gives the opportunity to find out some principles revealing the true nature of language development and semantic modificatio