Epidemiological analysis of the incidence of urolithiasis among the adult population of the Republic of Tatarstan in 2012−2021

The aim of this work was to evaluate the dynamics of urolithiasis morbidity in the Republic of Tatarstan and to identify the territories endemic for this pathology.Цель работы − оценка динамики заболеваемости мочекаменной болезнью в Республике Татарстан и выявление территорий, эндемичных по этой патологии

The impact of production factors on dontai morbidity (review of literature)

The article presents a review of the scientific literature containing data on the characteristics of the influence of various production factors on the state of hard tissues of the teeth and oral mucosa in persons in direct contact with these factors. The pathogenesis in the development of caries and non-carious lesions, inflammatory periodontal diseases and diseases of the oral mucosa was described. The symptoms of these diseases often caused marked sensitization of the organism to harmful production factors, in the oral cavity originates the change of local immune homeostasis with the manifestation of dysbiosis, resulting in change of characteristics of their clinical manifestations. The features of the mechanisms of development of chronic inflammation in response to the tension of the adaptive mechanisms of the immune defense of the oral cavity and organism as a whole were shown. The influence of different unfavorable factors of production leads to difficulty not only in early diagnosis of these diseases, but also alienate planning quality of treatment and preventive measures. The study of the influence of production factors will allow not only to clarify etiological and pathogenetic triggers and contribute to their early diagnosis will allow to develop a complex of measures to reduce intensity and enhance efficiency of preventive measures in this category.В статье представлен обзор научной литературы, содержащий данные об особенностях влияния различных производственных факторов на состояние твердых тканей зубов и слизистой оболочки рта у лиц, непосредственно контактирующих с данными факторами. Описан патогенез в развитии кариеса и некариозных поражений, воспалительных заболеваний пародонта и заболеваний слизистой оболочки рта. Проявления данных заболеваний обусловлены чаще всего выраженной сенсибилизацией организма к вредным производственным факторам, в полости рта происходит выраженное изменение местного иммунитета, гомеостаза с проявлением дисбиоза, в результате чего изменяются особенности их клинических проявлений. Показаны особенности механизмов развития хронического воспаления в ответ на напряжение адаптационных механизмов иммунной защиты полости рта и организма в целом. Влияние различных неблагоприятных производственных факторов приводят к сложности не только ранней диагностики данных заболеваний, но и отдаляют планирование качественных лечебно-профилактических мероприятий. Изучение влияния производственных факторов позволят прояснить не только этиологические и патогенетические пусковые механизмы, а также будут способствовать их ранней диагностике, позволят разработать комплекс мер для снижения их интенсивности и повышения эффективности лечебно-профилактических мероприятий у данной категории лиц

The organization of forecasting of major dental diseases among school-age children

The article presents a review of the scientific literature containing data on the modern scientific methods of forecasting of development of dental diseases in children of school age. According to the materials of observations, the resulting pattern of various clinical indicators contributing to the intensive development of nosological forms of diseases of hard tissues of teeth was obtained. The analysis shows the necessity of using mathematical and statistical methods in the prediction of major dental diseases in children of school age.В статье представлен обзор научной литературы, содержащий данные о современных научных методах прогнозирования развития стоматологических заболеваний у детей школьного возраста. По материалам наблюдений получена картина разнообразных клинических показателей способствующих интенсивному развитию нозологических форм заболеваний твердых тканей зубов. Проведенный анализ свидетельствует о необходимости использования математических и статистических методов исследования в прогнозировании основных стоматологических заболеваний у детей школьного возраста

Совершенствование оказания медицинской помощи пациентам с ОНМК с применением стандартов JCI. Первые результаты

AIM OF THE STUDY To compare the dynamics of thrombolytic therapy effectiveness in patients with stroke after the reorganization of medical care using JCI standards.MATERIAL AND METHODS In 2022, a new system for routing patients with stroke at the level of the emergency department was introduced in the Emergency Care Hospital; and 976 patients with the diagnosis of brain infarction were treated. The analysis of the results was carried out by comparing the mortality rates from ischemic stroke, the number of thrombolytic therapies and procedures of mechanical methods of revascularization, as well as the indicators “Door-CT”, “DoorNeedle”, “Door-Opening” for 2021 and 10 months of 2022.RESULTS After the introduction of the new routing system for patients with stroke at the emergency department level, there appeared the first positive results. Thus, the mortality rate from brain infarction in 10 months of 2022 decreased by 5.6% compared to 2021. The number of thrombolytic therapies performed increased by 5.2%, and mechanical revascularization procedures by 1.62% over the same period, while the “Door-CT” indicator decreased by 27 minutes, “DoorNeedle” by 22 minutes, “Door-Opening” by 31.6 minutes.CONCLUSIONS The immediate results of the introduction of the new patient routing system at the level of the emergency department have proved successful, primarily due to the significant reduction in the mortality rate of patients with cerebral infarction by 5.6%. However, the process requires further investigation and has application points for further improvement.ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ Сравнить динамику эффективности проведения тромболитической терапии у пациентов с острым нарушением мозгового кровообращения (ОНМК) после реорганизации медицинской помощи с применением стандартов JCI.МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ В ГАУЗ РТ «БСМП» в 2022 г. внедрена новая система маршрутизации пациентов с ОНМК на уровне приемного отделения и пролечены 976 пациентов с диагнозом «Инфаркт мозга». Анализ полученных результатов проводили путем сравнения показателей летальности от ишемического инсульта, количества проведенных тромболитических терапий и процедур механических методов реваскуляризации, а также показателей «Дверь–КТ», «Дверь–Игла», «Дверь–Раскрытие» за 2021 г. и 10 месяцев 2022 г.РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ После внедрения новой системы маршрутизации пациентов с ОНМК на уровне приемного отделения с применением стандартов JCI имеются первые положительные результаты. Так, летальность от инфаркта мозга за 10 месяцев 2022 г. снизилась на 5,6% в сравнении с 2021 г. Количество проведенных тромболитических терапий увеличилось на 5,2%, а процедур механических методов реваскуляризации — на 1,62% за аналогичный период, в то время как показатель «Дверь–КТ» снизился на 27 минут, «Дверь–Игла» — на 22 минуты, а «Дверь–Раскрытие» — на 31,6 минуты.ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ Непосредственные результаты внедрения новой системы маршрутизации пациентов на уровне приемного отделения являются успешными, в первую очередь за счет значимого снижения летальности пациентов с инфарктом мозга на 5,6%. Однако процесс требует дальнейшего исследования и имеет точки приложения для дальнейшего улучшения

Gene expression atlas of fruit ripening and transcriptome assembly from RNA-seq data in octoploid strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa)

RNA-seq has been used to perform global expression analysis of the achene and the receptacle at four stages of fruit ripening, and of the roots and leaves of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa). About 967 million reads and 191 Gb of sequence were produced, using Illumina sequencing. Mapping the reads in the related genome of the wild diploid Fragaria vesca revealed differences between the achene and receptacle development program, and reinforced the role played by ethylene in the ripening receptacle. For the strawberry transcriptome assembly, a de novo strategy was followed, generating separate assemblies for each of the ten tissues and stages sampled. The Trinity program was used for these assemblies, resulting in over 1.4 M isoforms. Filtering by a threshold of 0.3 FPKM, and doing Blastx (E-value < 1 e-30) against the UniProt database of plants reduced the number to 472,476 isoforms. Their assembly with the MIRA program (90% homology) resulted in 26,087 contigs. From these, 91.34 percent showed high homology to Fragaria vesca genes and 87.30 percent Fragaria iinumae (BlastN E-value < 1 e-100). Mapping back the reads on the MIRA contigs identified polymorphisms at nucleotide level, using FREEBAYES, as well as estimate their relative abundance in each sample

The significance of immunohistochemical markers in the assessment of the oral mucosa

Leukoplakia - the most common lesion of the oral mucosa. Early methods of diagnosis of this disease are the key to successful treatment. With the aim of improving the quality of the diagnostic features of verrucous leukoplakia, immunohistochemical examination was conducted of the buccal mucosa biopsy specimens that were taken from 12 patients who had applied for the purpose of routine inspection in the period 2017-2019 biennium. We present the results of the immunohistochemical method of research, allowing to timely determine the pathological transformation of the epithelial cells of the mucous membrane of the cheeks in the pathological focus.Лейкоплакия - наиболее распространенное поражение слизистой оболочки рта. Ранние методы диагностики этого заболевания является залогом успешного лечения. С целью повышения качества диагностических особенностей веррукозной лейкоплакии, было проведено иммуногистохимическое исследование биоптатов слизистой оболочки щек взятых у 12 пациентов, которые обратились с целью профилактического осмотра в период 2017-2019 гг. Нами представлены результативные данные иммуногистохимического метода исследования, позволяющие своевременно определить патологическую трансформацию клеток эпителия слизистой оболочки щек в области патологического очага

A High Resolution Genetic Map Anchoring Scaffolds of the Sequenced Watermelon Genome

As part of our ongoing efforts to sequence and map the watermelon (Citrullus spp.) genome, we have constructed a high density genetic linkage map. The map positioned 234 watermelon genome sequence scaffolds (an average size of 1.41 Mb) that cover about 330 Mb and account for 93.5% of the 353 Mb of the assembled genomic sequences of the elite Chinese watermelon line 97103 (Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus). The genetic map was constructed using an F8 population of 103 recombinant inbred lines (RILs). The RILs are derived from a cross between the line 97103 and the United States Plant Introduction (PI) 296341-FR (C. lanatus var. citroides) that contains resistance to fusarium wilt (races 0, 1, and 2). The genetic map consists of eleven linkage groups that include 698 simple sequence repeat (SSR), 219 insertion-deletion (InDel) and 36 structure variation (SV) markers and spans ∼800 cM with a mean marker interval of 0.8 cM. Using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with 11 BACs that produced chromosome-specifc signals, we have depicted watermelon chromosomes that correspond to the eleven linkage groups constructed in this study. The high resolution genetic map developed here should be a useful platform for the assembly of the watermelon genome, for the development of sequence-based markers used in breeding programs, and for the identification of genes associated with important agricultural traits

Transcriptional Analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana Response to Lima Bean Volatiles

Exposure of plants to herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) alters their resistance to herbivores. However, the whole-genome transcriptional responses of treated plants remain unknown, and the signal pathways that produce HIPVs are also unclear.Time course patterns of the gene expression of Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to Lima bean volatiles were examined using Affymetrix ATH1 genome arrays. Results showed that A. thaliana received and responded to leafminer-induced volatiles from Lima beans through up-regulation of genes related to the ethylene (ET) and jasmonic acid pathways. Time course analysis revealed strong and partly qualitative differences in the responses between exposure at 24 and that at 48 h. Further experiments using either A. thaliana ET mutant ein2-1 or A. thaliana jasmonic acid mutant coi1-2 indicated that both pathways are involved in the volatile response process but that the ET pathway is indispensable for detecting volatiles. Moreover, transcriptional comparisons showed that plant responses to larval feeding do not merely magnify the volatile response process. Finally, (Z)-3-hexen-ol, ocimene, (3E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, and (3E,7E)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene triggered responses in A. thaliana similar to those induced by the entire suite of Lima bean volatiles after 24 and 48 h.This study shows that the transcriptional responses of plants to HIPVs become stronger as treatment time increases and that ET signals are critical during this process