Study to Assess the Nutritional Status of Under Five Children in a Selected Sub Center of Bikaner, Rajasthan – India

oai:ojs2.researth.iars.info:article/1This is a study to assess nutritional status of children of age under five in a selected sub center of Bikaner, Rajasthan - India. The objective of the research is to: assess the nutritional status of under five children in terms of height and weight; compare the nutritional status of under five children with various standards; and compare the nutritional status of under five children with their demographic variables

Study to Assess Physical Health Status of Children at Selected Orphanage in Salem, Chennai – India

Orphanages are a vulnerable group in any socio-economic setting simply because they are deprived of one or both of their primary care givers. The level of vulnerability they face however increases significantly with the level of poverty. In India below 18’s population is 42,06,78,000 among them 2,57,00,000 are orphan children. That constitute a major part of the below 18’s population (UNICEF, 2005). Orphans are a group of underprivileged population in society. The evidence from the pediatric and child psychiatry literature makes clear that orphanages are neither an effective nor a humane mode of assistance to infants and families. Orphans are some of the most underprivileged children in the world. With few exceptions, children without parents are deprived of many of the basic rights such as food, shelter, education, and a family environment. Orphanage children are deprived of their primary care givers thus more prone to physical health problems

Study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge among the adolescent boys regarding ill effects of smoking in selected Government Schools of Moga, Punjab - India

Smoking prevention is an important issue and healthcare professionals, especially nurses, may have a major role in helping people to understand the consequences of smoking for their lives. A nurse is recognized as authority on health, she can educate individuals, groups and communities about ill effects of smoking. The investigator had witnessed during her posting in Vidhya Sagar Institute of Mental Health Amritsar, Institute of Human Behaviour and Allied Sciences (IHBAS) Delhi that the adolescents are more influenced by smoking due to images of romance, success, sophisticated popularity and adventure which advertising suggests they could achieve through the consumption of cigarettes

A quasi-experimental study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding prevention of STDs among women in the selected rural areas, Hoshiarpur, Punjab – India

Women play an important role in making their families healthy and happy. But women are the ones in Indian houses who eat last and least in the whole family. Because women live longer and experience more functional limitations than men, the ï¬nancing and provision of their health care is a particularly important issue for them. With fewer women than men having a spouse they can rely on as a primary caregiver, older women are more dependent upon other informal caregivers and a greater reliance on formal care services

Study to Assess lifestyle Practices of Overweight and Normal Weight Children in Selected School of District Hoshiarpur, Punjab, India

Lifestyle is considered to be an important determinant of health and sickness. It has also a great role in growth and development of children. Some of the health problems are rooted in childhood habits and lifestyle. A number of factors contribute to becoming overweight. Genetics, lifestyle habits, or a combination of both may be involved. Genes help to determine body type and how body stores and burns fat. Studies have shown that a child's risk of obesity greatly increases if one or more parent is overweight or obese. Daily schedules are so jam-packed that there's little time to prepare healthier meals or to squeeze in some exercise. Children’ s dietary habits have been shifted away from healthy foods to much greater reliance on fast food, processed snack foods and sugary drinks. Now more than ever life is sedentary; children spend more time playing with electronic devices, from computers to handheld video game systems, than actively playing outside. Television is a major culprit. Children who watch more than 4 hours a day are more likely to be overweight compared with children who watch 2 hours or less

Study to Assess Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Self Care Among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in Selected Hospital of Punjab, India

Self-care is the performance or practice of activities that individuals initiate and perform to maintain life, health, and well being. Hemodialysis patients must be able to perform self-care tasks in order to prevent complications and live life productively. A descriptive study to assess knowledge and attitude regarding self care among patients undergoing Hemodialysis in selected hospital, Punjab was done. The study was conducted on the patients from the dialysis unit of the Patel Hospital, Jalandhar, Punjab immediately above the abstract; it sets the footnote at the bottom of this column

Correlation of a priori DCE-MRI and H-1-MRS data with molecular markers in neck nodal metastases: Initial analysis

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study is to correlate non-invasive, pretreatment biological imaging (dynamic contrast enhanced-MRI [DCE-MRI] and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy [(1)H-MRS]) findings with specific molecular marker data in neck nodal metastases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pretreatment DCE-MRI and (1)H-MRS were performed on neck nodal metastases of 12 patients who underwent surgery. Surgical specimens were analyzed with immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays for: Ki-67 (reflecting cellular proliferation), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (the “endogenous marker” of tumor vessel growth), carbonic anhydrase (CAIX), hypoxia inducible transcription factor (HIF-1α), and human papillomavirus (HPV). Additionally, necrosis was estimated based on H&E staining. The Spearman correlation was used to compare DCE-MRI, (1)H-MRS, and molecular marker data. RESULTS: A significant correlation was observed between DCE-MRI parameter std(k(ep)) and VEGF IHC expression level (rho = 0.81, p = 0.0001). Furthermore, IHC expression levels of Ki-67 inversely correlated with std(K(trans)) and std(v(e)) (rho = −0.71; p = 0.004, and rho = −0.73; p = 0.003, respectively). Other DCE-MRI, (1)H-MRS and IHC values did not show significant correlation. CONCLUSION: The results of this preliminary study indicate that the level of heterogeneity of perfusion in metastatic HNSCC seems positively correlated with angiogenesis, and inversely correlated with proliferation. These results are preliminary in nature and are indicative, and not definitive, trends portrayed in HNSCC patients with nodal disease. Future studies with larger patient populations need to be carried out to validate and clarify our preliminary findings

Correlation of a priori DCE-MRI and H-1-MRS data with molecular markers in neck nodal metastases: Initial analysis

The aim of the present study is to correlate non-invasive, pretreatment biological imaging (dynamic contrast enhanced-MRI [DCE-MRI] and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy [(1)H-MRS]) findings with specific molecular marker data in neck nodal metastases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. Pretreatment DCE-MRI and (1)H-MRS were performed on neck nodal metastases of 12 patients who underwent surgery. Surgical specimens were analyzed with immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays for: Ki-67 (reflecting cellular proliferation), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (the "endogenous marker" of tumor vessel growth), carbonic anhydrase (CAIX), hypoxia inducible transcription factor (HIF-1?), and human papillomavirus (HPV). Additionally, necrosis was estimated based on H&E staining. The Spearman correlation was used to compare DCE-MRI, (1)H-MRS, and molecular marker data. A significant correlation was observed between DCE-MRI parameter std(k(ep)) and VEGF IHC expression level (rho=0.81, p=0.0001). Furthermore, IHC expression levels of Ki-67 inversely correlated with std(K(trans)) and std(v(e)) (rho=-0.71; p=0.004, and rho=-0.73; p=0.003, respectively). Other DCE-MRI, (1)H-MRS and IHC values did not show significant correlation. The results of this preliminary study indicate that the level of heterogeneity of perfusion in metastatic HNSCC seems positively correlated with angiogenesis, and inversely correlated with proliferation. These results are preliminary in nature and are indicative, and not definitive, trends portrayed in HNSCC patients with nodal disease. Future studies with larger patient populations need to be carried out to validate and clarify our preliminary findings