Some Studies In The Disintegration Of Laminar Liquid Jets In Immiscible Binary Liquid Systems

The breakup of a liquid jet in an immiscible liquid has been investigated. The variation in the jet break-up length was studied to determine the influence of various parameters e.g. amplitude and frequency of the applied vibrations. To generate experimental data a rig was designed and constructed. To maintain a constant flow of the dispersed phase through the nozzle, a number of techniques were tried. A compressed air system was found to be the most suitable to develop a constant head for the flow and no variation in the flow of a dispersed phase was observed after 12 hours. Initially experiments were conducted at a high flow rate of the dispersed phase and the variation in the jet length was measured under the influence of externally applied vibrations. It was found that amplitude and frequency of the applied vibration influenced the jet break-up length. Rayleigh's equation was applied to correlate the experimental data. It was found that the applied frequency does not effect the growth rate but it does influence the jet break-up length. Hence Rayleigh's equation was modified to allow for this variation. The error between experimental and predicted results was found to be not more than the difference in the dropsizes. To eliminate this error, the measurement technique previously employed (still photography) was supplemented with a video technique and the jet length measurements were only taken when monosized droplets were produced. At low flow rates it was found easier to produce monosized droplets, hence subsequent measurements were taken in this flow region. To correlate experimental data Rayleigh's equation was further modified to take into account the influence of a natural and an applied vibration. Theoretical and experimental results agree well within the range of error ± 0.30 mm. It was found that the number of monosized droplets produced were equal to the applied frequency. Any change in the frequency altered the dropsize because the flow rate was constant

Hydrodynamics of drop formation in liquid-liquid systems: investigation and interpretation of drop sizes in liquid-liquid systems as a function of nozzle diameter, nozzle velocity and physical properties of the systems

Drop formation processes from a nozzle of diameter 0.0602 cm in immiscible liquids were investigated experimentally and theoretically. Experimental data for drop sizes in prejetting and jetting regimes were obtained. In the prejetting conditions for water into decane system, data for drop formation time, drop diameter and drop velocities were obtained at three different Weber numbers using still photography and high speed cine film photographic techniques. A model has been developed to account for a two stage drop formation process in the prejetting regime. In the jetting regime three liquid pairs were employed with injection of dispersed phase from above and below the continuous phase to give a range of physical properties. Interfacial tension was varied from 3.1 to 27.5 mNm-1. The ratio of the continuous phase to the dispersed phase densities was varied from 0.73 to 1.36. The ratio of viscosities of the two phases was varied from 0.063 to 15.7. The experimental data for minimum drop size, mean drop size, jetlength and jet diameter were obtained from still photography. Experimental data for wave length, wave period, wave amplitude of the fastest growing disturbance on the jet were obtained by stroboscopic and high speed photographic techniques. A linear stability analysis for small scale hydrodynamics of the wave motion has been developed to predict the wave growth rate in the jetting regime. Patterns of drop formation and drop size variations in the intermediate regime were investigated and a semi-theoretical correlation was obtained to predict the drop size in the intermediate regime

ペロブスカイトナノシートのレイヤーバイレイヤー集積とその電子材料への応用

早大学位記番号:新7700早稲田大

Comparing machine learning and ensemble learning in the field of football

Football has been one of the most popular and loved sports since its birth on November 6th, 1869. The main reason for this is because it is highly unpredictable in nature. Predicting football matches results seems like the perfect problem for machine learning models. But there are various caveats such as picking the right features from an enormous number of available features.  There have been many models which have been applied to various football-related datasets. This paper aims to compare Support Vector Machines a machine learning model and XGBoost an Ensemble learning model and how Ensemble Learning can greatly improve the accuracy of the predictions

Optimization of multi-gigabit transceivers for high speed data communication links in HEP Experiments

The scheme of the data acquisition (DAQ) architecture in High Energy Physics (HEP) experiments consist of data transport from the front-end electronics (FEE) of the online detectors to the readout units (RU), which perform online processing of the data, and then to the data storage for offline analysis. With major upgrades of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments at CERN, the data transmission rates in the DAQ systems are expected to reach a few TB/sec within the next few years. These high rates are normally associated with the increase in the high-frequency losses, which lead to distortion in the detected signal and degradation of signal integrity. To address this, we have developed an optimization technique of the multi-gigabit transceiver (MGT) and implemented it on the state-of-the-art 20nm Arria-10 FPGA manufactured by Intel Inc. The setup has been validated for three available high-speed data transmission protocols, namely, GBT, TTC-PON and 10 Gbps Ethernet. The improvement in the signal integrity is gauged by two metrics, the Bit Error Rate (BER) and the Eye Diagram. It is observed that the technique improves the signal integrity and reduces BER. The test results and the improvements in the metrics of signal integrity for different link speeds are presented and discussed

Recent advances in management of cerebrovascular diseases

A comprehensive approach to managing the vascular risk factors in both primary and secondary stroke prevention settings can lower the risk of first and recurrent stroke. Recent studies highlight the benefits of blood pressure treatment in the elderly, use of statins in healthy subjects with normal low-density lipoprotein levels, and comparison of various anti-platelet agents. For acute stroke the efficacy of thrombolysis beyond 3 hours has recently been shown

Comparative Distributions of Hazard Modeling Analysis

In this paper we present the comparison among the distributions used in hazard analysis. Simulation technique has been used to study the behavior of hazard distribution modules. The fundamentals of Hazard issues are discussed using failure criteria. We present the flexibility of the hazard modeling distribution that approaches to different distributions

Corporate Governance and Board Compensation: A Case of listed Non-Financial Firms in Pakistan

The study addresses the impact of corporate governance (CG) on board compensation for the listed non-financial firms on Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) for the period 2005-2015. We incorporated female directors, board size, ownership concentration, board independence, and adoption of CCG (code of corporate governance) as channels of CG. Board compensation was measured by the natural log of the total baord compensation. The study has controlled for firm size, firm performance, leverage, and cash flow from operation. By using ordinary least square (OLS) regression analysis technique together with robust standard error, we find significant relationship between CG characteristics and board compensation.Findings suggest that CG characteristics and ownership structure plays a significant role in the board compensation determination. Board size and board independence exhibits significant positive relationship with board compensation. Additionally, consistent with literature, we find negative relationship between gender diversity and board compensation. Ownership concentration shows positive relationship with board compensation. Implementation of code of CG exhibits positive and significant relationship with board compensation. Finally we find positive relationship between CG index developed via Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and board compensation.Key Words: Corporate Governance; Board Compensation; Ownership Concentration; Gender Diversity; Corporate Governance Inde

Corporate Governance and Board Compensation: A Case of listed Non-Financial Firms in Pakistan

The study addresses the impact of corporate governance (CG) on board compensation for the listed non-financial firms on Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) for the period 2005-2015. We incorporated female directors, board size, ownership concentration, board independence, and adoption of CCG (code of corporate governance) as channels of CG. Board compensation was measured by the natural log of the total baord compensation. The study has controlled for firm size, firm performance, leverage, and cash flow from operation. By using ordinary least square (OLS) regression analysis technique together with robust standard error, we find significant relationship between CG characteristics and board compensation.Findings suggest that CG characteristics and ownership structure plays a significant role in the board compensation determination. Board size and board independence exhibits significant positive relationship with board compensation. Additionally, consistent with literature, we find negative relationship between gender diversity and board compensation. Ownership concentration shows positive relationship with board compensation. Implementation of code of CG exhibits positive and significant relationship with board compensation. Finally we find positive relationship between CG index developed via Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and board compensation.Key Words: Corporate Governance; Board Compensation; Ownership Concentration; Gender Diversity; Corporate Governance Inde