Automatic Generation of Training Corpus for Natural Language Processing Tasks

Machine learning models that perform grammar error correction (GEC) suffer from insufficient training data. This disclosure describes techniques that automatically generate a large corpus of training data for GEC and other natural language processing tasks. With specific user permission, the techniques leverage the edit histories of documents by identifying changes to documents attributable to grammatical corrections by users. The training set for the GEC machine learning model is automatically augmented by sentences known to be ungrammatical (e.g., original text, before revision by user) or grammatical (e.g., text after revision by user), and labeled as such. The techniques enable the provision of a very large corpus of training data for grammar error-correcting or other natural language processing ML models

Children’s perspectives of digital citizenship in India, Korea and Australia: Report of findings from children’s digital citizenship and safety roundtables

This report presents data and findings from Phase Two of the research project Digital Safety and Citizenship Roundtables. In this phase, which focuses on children’s perspectives of digital safety and digital citizenship, three child-focused, play-based roundtables were held in Seoul (Korea), Delhi (India) and Perth (Australia) respectively in the months of June and July 2022, with 48 children in total contributing their perspectives. Qualitative data was collected from these child participants through 90-minute play-based roundtables featuring three sections: a short introductory drawing activity using prompt cards; a discussion regarding the children’s understanding of digital citizenship; and a LEGO play activity in which participants were asked to reflect upon the discussion points and respond to this by building a LEGO creation..

Automatic suggestions of factual information

Document authoring tools, e.g., word processors, include automatic checking and correction features that alert users to spelling and grammar errors. This disclosure describes techniques that enhance document authoring tools by including the capability to automatically complete or correct facts in documents, when permitted by users. Further, the techniques can also predict facts that users of a document authoring tool are likely to be interested in based on the content of a document

A multi-centric, single-blinded, randomized, parallel-group study to evaluate the effectiveness of nasoalveolar moulding treatment in non-syndromic patients with complete unilateral cleft lip, alveolus and palate (NAMUC study): a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND Cleft lip and palate (CLP) are among the most common congenital anomaly that affects up to 33,000 newborns in India every year. Nasoalveolar moulding (NAM) is a non-surgical treatment performed between 0 and 6 months of age to reduce the cleft and improve nasal aesthetics prior to lip surgery. The NAM treatment has been a controversial treatment option with 51% of the cleft teams in Europe, 37% of teams in the USA and 25 of cleft teams in India adopting this methodology. This treatment adds to the already existing high burden of care for these patients. Furthermore, the supporting evidence for this technique is limited with no high-quality long-term clinical trials available on the effectiveness of this treatment. METHOD The NAMUC study is an investigator-initiated, multi-centre, single-blinded randomized controlled trial with a parallel group design. The study will compare the effectiveness of NAM treatment provided prior to lip surgery against the no-treatment control group in 274 patients with non-syndromic unilateral complete cleft lip and palate. The primary endpoint of the trial is the nasolabial aesthetics measured using the Asher McDade index at 5 years of age. The secondary outcomes include dentofacial development, speech, hearing, cost-effectiveness, quality of life, patient perception, feeding and intangible benefits. Randomization will be carried out via central online system and stratified based on cleft width, birth weight and clinical trial site. DISCUSSION We expect the results from this study on the effectiveness of treatment with NAM appliance in the long term along with the cost-effectiveness evaluation can eliminate the dilemma and differences in clinical care across the globe. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov CTRI/2022/11/047426 (Clinical Trials Registry India). Registered on 18 November 2022. The first patient was recruited on 11 December 2022. CTR India does not pick up on Google search with just the trial number. The following steps have to be carried out to pick up. How to search: ( https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/advsearch.php -use the search boxes by entering the following details: Interventional trial > November 2022 > NAMUC)

Reporting trends of randomised controlled trials in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction:a systematic review

BACKGROUND: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) causes significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Current consensus guidelines reflect the neutral results from randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Adequate trial reporting is a fundamental requirement before concluding on RCT intervention efficacy and is necessary for accurate meta-analysis and to provide insight into future trial design. The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) 2010 statement provides a framework for complete trial reporting. Reporting quality of HFpEF RCTs has not been previously assessed, and this represents an important validation of reporting qualities to date. OBJECTIVES: The aim was to systematically identify RCTs investigating the efficacy of pharmacological therapies in HFpEF and to assess the quality of reporting using the CONSORT 2010 statement. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL databases were searched from January 1996 to November 2015, with RCTs assessing pharmacological therapies on clinical outcomes in HFpEF patients included. The quality of reporting was assessed against the CONSORT 2010 checklist. RESULTS: A total of 33 RCTs were included. The mean CONSORT score was 55.4% (SD 17.2%). The CONSORT score was strongly correlated with journal impact factor (r=0.53, p=0.003) and publication year (r=0.50, p=0.003). Articles published after the introduction of CONSORT 2010 statement had a significantly higher mean score compared with those published before (64% vs 50%, p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Although the CONSORT score has increased with time, a significant proportion of HFpEF RCTs showed inadequate reporting standards. The level of adherence to CONSORT criteria could have an impact on the validity of trials and hence the interpretation of intervention efficacy. We recommend improving compliance with the CONSORT statement for future RCTs

Robotic Sleeve Lobectomy of the Right Lower Lobe

This is the case of 65-year-old male with a proven adenocarcinoma at the orifice of the apical segment of the right lower lobe. He underwent a robotic sleeve lobectomy with a station 7 lymphadenectomy. The right lower lobe artery and right lower lobe vein were divided using the Covidien Curved Tip Stapler with a leader catheter, which facilitated ease of stapling by the assistant. Initially, the right lower lobe bronchus was cut with scissors and the orifice was stitched. After a frozen section of the bronchus was identified as positive for malignancy, the margins were extended and a sleeve resection was carried out. The middle lobe bronchus and bronchus intermedius were anastomosed using continuous, 4.0 barbed (V-Loc) sutures. Following a slight air leak, a few more sutures were added to the anastomosis, which resolved the leak

CTSNet Step-by-Step Series: Sternal Closure Using Stainless Steel Wires

This video demonstrates the closure of a median sternotomy using stainless steel wires in a step-by-step fashion. The authors include both diagrams and surgical video to illustrate key technical elements

CTSNet Step-by-Step Series: Midline Sternotomy

This video demonstrates a midline sternotomy. The authors detail the procedure in a step-by-step fashion, using diagrams and surgical video to illustrate key technical elements

QUADAS-AI: a revised tool for the quality assessment of artificial intelligence centred diagnostic accuracy studies

This webpage consists of details and documentation regarding the forthcoming QUADAS-AI Quality Assessment Too