A Framework for Online Teaching and Learning: The S-CARE Pedagogical Model

Student satisfaction and retention is a key feature of any good educational programme. Deden (2005) reports a 7.7 % improvement in student retention after one year through a number of measures including the quality of instructor’s online interaction. When measuring the success of an online programme a number of learning permutations have to be considered, namely: the learning activities, tools, resources and interactions or communication which makes up a pedagogical scenario/landscape. Daniel (2004), states that when designing and executing a pedagogical scenario the teacher has to respect a harmonic equilibrium between the freedom for intellectual development and motivation on one hand and certain guiding principles on the other. Putting all the above contentions together, this paper aims to present an analysis of the different pedagogical permutations exhibited by 7 different online facilitators in the Master of Instructional Design & Technology programme at the Open University Malaysia based on feedback from students, the facilitators and analysis of online interactions. This paper will present findings to the main research question that guided the study, namely, what are the main characteristics of an optimal pedagogical scenario employed by MIDT facilitators, and can these be translated into an online learning model? Findings showed that 4 major characteristics of an optimal online pedagogy were planning, interaction, feedback and focus. These 4 characteristics were further checked and analyzed with MIDT students and facilitators and as such a framework for online learning was developed into the S-CARE model. What is the S-CARE? It is a new online pedagogical model proposed in this work and it stands for S=Strategic, C=Consistent, A=Adaptive, R=Realistic and E=Effective. Initial results show that most facilitators exhibited some form of S-CARE, however the model will need further testing to ensure the suggested pedagogical permutations are applicable for most pure online courses. The success of the S-CARE portends well for the future in that it provides a structure to teaching and learning within the framework of chaos of the online environment. The combined experience of about 2 years of work shows both the potential and the way forward for the future and S-CARE is a step forward in helping online teaching and learning achieve its promise. (Abstract by authors

An Improved Algorithm for Generating Database Transactions from Relational Algebra Specifications

Alloy is a lightweight modeling formalism based on relational algebra. In prior work with Fisler, Giannakopoulos, Krishnamurthi, and Yoo, we have presented a tool, Alchemy, that compiles Alloy specifications into implementations that execute against persistent databases. The foundation of Alchemy is an algorithm for rewriting relational algebra formulas into code for database transactions. In this paper we report on recent progress in improving the robustness and efficiency of this transformation

A Review on Preventing Insider Threats and Stealthy Attacks from Sonet Site

Online social networks (OSNs) give another measurement to individuals' lives by bringing forth online social orders. OSNs have upset the human experience, however they have likewise made a stage for gatecrashers to disperse diseases and direct cybercrime. An OSN gives an entrepreneurial assault stage to cybercriminals through which they can spread contaminations at a huge scale. Assailants perform unapproved and malevolent exercises on OSN. Assaults can be an executable document, an expansion, an adventure code, and so on., that behaviors malignant tasks in OSNs with genuine effect on clients. Moreover, Intruders influence OSNs with different intensions, for example, to take basic information and adapt it for monetary profits. Insider dangers have turned into a genuine worry for some associations today. A model for OSN is to introduced to avoid insider danger misuses and to protect the classification. Multilevel security instrument is connected amid the enlistment and login level. At enlistment organize one time randomized alphanumeric watchword will be created and send to the clients by means of email though at login arrange randomized graphical secret word will be connected to counteract non malignant movement

Rejection Behaviour Of Manganese Ions From Synthetic Wastewater By Nanofiltration Membrane

Because of the development of novel applications, nanofiltration has attracted much interest in recent years. This research describes the removal of manganese ions from synthetic wastewater using a TFC NF-30 membrane. The effects of different operating parameters on heavy metal rejection were investigated, including feed concentration (20-60 ppm), applied pressure (5-8 kg/cm2), and pH (4-6). According to the current findings, the rejection coefficient for manganese ions increases with increasing pressure. The rejection coefficient reduces as the feed concentration of manganese ions increases at a steady flow rate.The influence of pH was investigated, and it was discovered that when the pH rises, the rejection of manganese ions rises as well. The maximum measured metal rejection is reported to be 99.03 percent to 96.88 percent, for an initial feed concentration of 20 ppm and 40 ppm. The experimental data were fitted with membrane transport models such as combined-film theory-Spiegler-Kedem (CFSK) for the evaluation of the membrane transport parameters and mass transfer coefficient, k. For manganese ions, CFSK models were applied to estimate the experimental rejection (ROE) or actual rejection and modeling rejection (ROM) or observed rejection. In the CFSK model, the experimental and modeling rejection for manganese is roughly identical to ± 0.03

Observations on the Landing of Lantern fish Myctophum pterotum Alcock along Maharashtra Coast

The lantern fishes are pelagic and are considered to be deep water forms, occurring upto 2000 m depth. The highest catch and catch/unit were registered at Sassoon Dock during Oct.-Nov 198

Interaction of a poly(acrylic acid) oligomer with dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine bilayers

We studied the influence of 5 kDa poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) on the phase state, thermal properties, and lateral diffusion in bilayered systems of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) using 31P NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), 1H NMR with a pulsed field gradient, and 1H nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy (NOESY). The presence of PAA does not change the lamellar structure of the system. 1H MAS NOESY cross-peaks observed for the interaction between lipid headgroups and polyion protons demonstrated only surface PAA-biomembrane interaction. Small concentrations of PAA (up to ∼4 mol %) lead to the appearance of a new lateral phase with a higher main transition temperature, a lower cooperativity, and a lower enthalpy of transition. Higher concentrations lead to the disappearance of measurable thermal effects. The lateral diffusion coefficient of DMPC and the apparent activation energy of diffusion gradually decreased at PAA concentrations up to around 4 mol %. The observed effects were explained by the formation of at least two types of PAA-DMPC lateral complexes as has been described earlier (Fujiwara, M.; Grubbs, R. H.; Baldeschwieler, J. D. J. Colloid Interface Sci., 1997, 185, 210). The first one is characterized by a stoichiometry of around 28 lipids per polymer, which corresponds to the adsorption of the entire PAA molecule onto the membrane. Lipid molecules of the complex are exchanged with the "pure" lipid bilayer, with the lifetime of the complex being less than 0.1 s. The second type of DMPC-PAA complex is characterized by a stoichiometry of 6 to 7 lipids per polymer and contains PAA molecules that are only partially adsorbed onto the membrane. A decrease in the DMPC diffusion coefficient and activation energy for diffusion in the presence of PAA was explained by the formation of a new cooperative unit for diffusion, which contains the PAA molecule and several molecules of lipids. © 2011 American Chemical Society

Infrared Nanoimaging of Hydrogenated Perovskite Nickelate Synaptic Devices

Solid-state devices made from correlated oxides such as perovskite nickelates are promising for neuromorphic computing by mimicking biological synaptic function. However, comprehending dopant action at the nanoscale poses a formidable challenge to understanding the elementary mechanisms involved. Here, we perform operando infrared nanoimaging of hydrogen-doped correlated perovskite, neodymium nickel oxide (H-NdNiO3) devices and reveal how an applied field perturbs dopant distribution at the nanoscale. This perturbation leads to stripe phases of varying conductivity perpendicular to the applied field, which define the macroscale electrical characteristics of the devices. Hyperspectral nano-FTIR imaging in conjunction with density functional theory calculations unveil a real-space map of multiple vibrational states of H-NNO associated with OH stretching modes and their dependence on the dopant concentration. Moreover, the localization of excess charges induces an out-of-plane lattice expansion in NNO which was confirmed by in-situ - x-ray diffraction and creates a strain that acts as a barrier against further diffusion. Our results and the techniques presented here hold great potential to the rapidly growing field of memristors and neuromorphic devices wherein nanoscale ion motion is fundamentally responsible for function.Comment: 30 pages, 5 figures in the main text and 5 figures in the Supplementary Materia