Does Prenatal Stress Management Enhance Maternal And Fetal Outcomes?

Background: Antenatal period is a time of rapid change during which fetal organs are vulnerable to various stressors. Studies have suggested that psychosocial stressors during pregnancy could adversely influence physical and behavioral outcomes of the infant. Aim: This paper aimed to discusses the importance of antenatal stress assessment and management on both mothers' and infants' health status. Method: This review aggregated evidence from various studies that examined the impact of maternal stress management and its outcomes on pregnant women and their infants. Results: Maternal stress is generally associated with unpleasant fetal outcomes. The use of stress reduction techniques was approved to reduce psychological stress in pregnant women. Conclusion: Ongoing assessment of antenatal stress using a standardized process promotes proper stress handling strategy

DIALLEL ANALYSIS AMONG NEW YELLOW MAIZE INBRED LINES FOR GRAIN YIELD AND OTHER AGRONOMIC TRAITS

Yellow maize ( Zea mays L.) is one of the important sources of animal feed in Egypt. The national maize programmes uses conventional crop breeding methodology, which depends on the development inbred lines of maize from open pollinated varieties or other heterogeneous sources. The objective of this study was to assess the general and specific combining ability for nine yellow maize inbred lines and their crosses for grain yield and other morphological traits, under Egyptian conditions. Nine new yellow maize inbred lines, derived from different yellow maize sources, were crossed in a half diallel mating scheme in 2020 summer season, at Gemmeiza Agricultural Research Station Gharbia Governorate in Egypt. The resulting 36 crosses, along with two commercial check hybrids (SC 168 and Pioneer SC 3444), were evaluated at three locations, i.e. Gemmeiza, Mallawy and Sids Agricultural Research Stations of the Agricultural Research Center (ARC), in 2021 summer season in Egypt. Overall, the additive gene effects played a major role in the inheritance of days to 50% silking, plant and ear heights; while the non-additive gene effects were mostly responsible for controlling the inheritance of grain yield. The parental inbred lines (P1 and P2) possessed significant (P<0.05) negative estimates of GCA effects for days to 50% silking towards earliness. The best general combiners were inbred lines P2 and P6 for plant and ear height, and these inbred lines would be good combiners for breeding to short hybrids and low ear placement. Crosses (P1xP9 and P3xP4) had desirable SCA effects and significantly out-yielded the two checks.Le ma\uefs jaune (Zea mays L.) est l\u2019une des principales sources d\u2019alimentation animale en \uc9gypte. Les programmes nationaux de ma\uefs utilisent une m\ue9thodologie conventionnelle de s\ue9lection des cultures, qui d\ue9pend du d\ue9veloppement de lign\ue9es consanguines de ma\uefs \ue0 partir de vari\ue9t\ue9s \ue0 pollinisation libre ou d\u2019autres sources h\ue9t\ue9rog\ue8nes. L\u2019objectif de cette \ue9tude \ue9tait d\u2019\ue9valuer la capacit\ue9 de combinaison g\ue9n\ue9rale et sp\ue9cifique de neuf lign\ue9es consanguines de ma\uefs jaune et de leurs croisements pour le rendement en grain et d\u2019autres caract\ue8res morphologiques, dans les conditions \ue9gyptiennes. Neuf nouvelles lign\ue9es consanguines de ma\uefs jaune, d\ue9riv\ue9es de diff\ue9rentes sources de ma\uefs jaune, ont \ue9t\ue9 crois\ue9es dans un sch\ue9ma d\u2019accouplement semi-diall\ue8le au cours de la saison estivale 2020, \ue0 la station de recherche agricole de Gemmeiza, dans le gouvernorat de Gharbia, en \uc9gypte. Les 36 croisements r\ue9sultants, ainsi que deux hybrides t\ue9moins commerciaux (SC 168 et Pioneer SC 3444), ont \ue9t\ue9 \ue9valu\ue9s \ue0 trois endroits, \ue0 savoir les stations de recherche agricole de Gemmeiza, Mallawy et Sids du Centre de recherche agricole (ARC), au cours de la saison estivale 2021 en \uc9gypte. Dans l\u2019ensemble, les effets additifs des g\ue8nes ont jou\ue9 un r\uf4le majeur dans l\u2019h\ue9r\ue9dit\ue9 des jours \ue0 50\ua0% d\u2019apparition des soies, des hauteurs de plantes et d\u2019\ue9pis\ua0; tandis que les effets g\ue9n\ue9tiques non additifs \ue9taient principalement responsables du contr\uf4le de l\u2019h\ue9r\ue9dit\ue9 du rendement en grain. Les lign\ue9es consanguines parentales (P1 et P2) poss\ue9daient des estimations n\ue9gatives significatives (P <0,05) des effets de la GCA pendant des jours jusqu\u2019\ue0 50\ua0% de soyage vers la pr\ue9cocit\ue9. Les meilleurs combineurs g\ue9n\ue9raux \ue9taient les lign\ue9es consanguines P2 et P6 pour la hauteur des plantes et des \ue9pis, et ces lign\ue9es consanguines seraient de bons combinateurs pour la reproduction d\u2019hybrides courts et le placement des oreilles basses. Les croisements (P1xP9 et P3xP4) ont eu des effets SCA souhaitables et ont nettement d\ue9pass\ue9 les deux contr\uf4les

Serum bile acids associate with liver volume in polycystic liver disease and decrease upon treatment with lanreotide

Background: Polycystic liver disease (PLD) is a common extrarenal manifestation of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Bile acids may play a role in PLD pathogenesis. We performed a post-hoc exploratory analysis of bile acids in ADPKD patients, who had participated in a trial on the effect of a somatostatin analogue. Our hypothesis was that serum bile acid levels increase in PLD, and that lanreotide, which reduces liver growth, may also reduce bile acid levels. Furthermore, in PLD, urinary excretion of bile acids might contribute to renal disease. Methods:With liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, 11 bile acids in serum and 6 in urine were quantified in 105 PLD ADPKD patients and 52 age-, sex-, mutation- and eGFR-matched non-PLD ADPKD patients. Sampling was done at baseline and after 120 weeks of either lanreotide or standard care. Results: Baseline serum levels of taurine- and glycine-conjugated bile acids were higher in patients with larger livers. In PLD patients, multiple bile acids decreased upon treatment with lanreotide but remained stable in untreated subjects. Changes over time did not correlate with changes in liver volume. Urine bile acid levels did not change and did not correlate with renal disease progression. Conclusion: In ADPKD patients with PLD, baseline serum bile acids were associated with liver volume. Lanreotide reduced bile acid levels and has previously been shown to reduce liver volume. However, in this study, the decrease in bile acids was not associated with the change in liver volume.</p

Serum bile acids associate with liver volume in polycystic liver disease and decrease upon treatment with lanreotide

Background: Polycystic liver disease (PLD) is a common extrarenal manifestation of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Bile acids may play a role in PLD pathogenesis. We performed a post-hoc exploratory analysis of bile acids in ADPKD patients, who had participated in a trial on the effect of a somatostatin analogue. Our hypothesis was that serum bile acid levels increase in PLD, and that lanreotide, which reduces liver growth, may also reduce bile acid levels. Furthermore, in PLD, urinary excretion of bile acids might contribute to renal disease. Methods:With liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, 11 bile acids in serum and 6 in urine were quantified in 105 PLD ADPKD patients and 52 age-, sex-, mutation- and eGFR-matched non-PLD ADPKD patients. Sampling was done at baseline and after 120 weeks of either lanreotide or standard care. Results: Baseline serum levels of taurine- and glycine-conjugated bile acids were higher in patients with larger livers. In PLD patients, multiple bile acids decreased upon treatment with lanreotide but remained stable in untreated subjects. Changes over time did not correlate with changes in liver volume. Urine bile acid levels did not change and did not correlate with renal disease progression. Conclusion: In ADPKD patients with PLD, baseline serum bile acids were associated with liver volume. Lanreotide reduced bile acid levels and has previously been shown to reduce liver volume. However, in this study, the decrease in bile acids was not associated with the change in liver volume.</p