SELF-CONTROL INVOLVED IN PHYSICAL EXERCISES AND SPORTS

The forcing of physical activity without observing the methodological methods in its build-up can lead to the disruption of adaptive systems and disruption of a number of organs, in particular the cardiovascular system. To avoid such unpleasant consequences, each practitioner must conduct self-control

Integrating hunter knowledge with community-based conservation in the Pamir Region of Tajikistan

Indigenous hunting communities around the world possess capabilities to accumulate and maintain knowledge based on their traditional practices, cultural norms, and belief systems. Case studies around the world have demonstrated that merging indigenous hunting knowledge with community-based conservation approaches is often complementary to biodiversity conservation. A combination of such approaches improves wildlife conservation practices and livelihood strategies while enhancing communities’ social-ecological resilience. However, if mismanaged, such approaches lead to negative results in the community, such as an increased exposure/vulnerability to corruption, power inequality among interest groups, as well as mismanagement of wildlife species. We explore the existence of hunting-specific traditional ecological knowledge and the contribution of such knowledge to wildlife management in the case of community-based conservation in Tajikistan. We reviewed hunting-related literature from 1850 to 1950, conducted interviews, and accompanied hunters in the field to document their ecological knowledge of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast (GBAO), also known as the Pamir region of Tajikistan. Throughout our research, we found that there exists a rich body of hunter-specific ecological knowledge of hunting norms, ethics, taboos, and belief systems in the Pamir region of Tajikistan. Traditional hunters largely accepted a community-based conservation approach because it resonates with their subsistence hunting practices. Also, combining traditional hunter knowledge with a community-based conservation approach created an opportunity for knowledge sharing, improved the quality of scientific wildlife surveys, and led to better collaboration among conservancies and other conservation NGOs. More importantly, such approaches empowered and incentivized local traditional hunters to take responsibility for wildlife management

Morphological changes of internal organs in chronic alcoholism

It has been established that in the structure of mortality in recent years, death from chronic alcoholism and acute alcohol intoxication, as well as associated complications, occupies a leading position, second only to mortality from cardiovascular pathologies and malignant neoplasms [1]. Affecting not only the physical, but also the mental sphere of life, alcohol has been, is and is becoming more and more a serious problem, threatening dangerous consequences not only for the individual, but also for the entire population as a whole

Tabiiy gazlarni nordon qoʻshimchalardan tozalashda qoʻllaniladigan alkanoamin turidagi yutgichlari: N9’N9 N’’-tris-(Β-oksietil)-geksagidro-s-triazin asosidagi sorbent

Ushbu tadqiqotda tabiiy gazni nordon qoʻshimchalar tozalashda hozirgi kunda dolzarb boʻlgan muammolar oʻrganilgan holda mamlakatimizda neft gaz sanʼatidagi xarajatlarni muqobillashtrish maqsadida tabiiy gazni qayta ishlash jarayonida triazin turkumidagi nordon gaz yutgichlarni oʻrganish ularning texnik xususiyatlari tahlil qilish, N9’N9 N’’-tris-(β-oksietil)-geksagidro-s-triazin asosidagi yutilish jarayoni tahlil qilish asosida iqtisodiy muqobil ekalogik xavfsiz qayta ishlash jarayoni haqida soʻz boradi

Community perceptions of co-managing Tajik National Park

Tajik National Park struggles with overgrazing, illegal hunting and ill-managed tourism. The designation of the park as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2013 was meant to ease some of these struggles, but improvements are thus far difficult to identify. We conducted a case study to understand how local people perceive and interact with the park to probe how these struggles could be mitigated. Interviewees and participants proposed solutions that revolved around the concept of co-management, which we consider as a way to alleviate challenges the park faces today, especially in terms of nature conservation and livelihoods for communities affected by the park. We conclude that engaged community members are willing to help the park improve its management by co-producing knowledge and adapting to social–ecological change if certain conditions, such as improving trust and making trade-offs, are met

METHODS FOR RESEARCHING THE LOCALIZATION AND DELOCALIZATION OF CARRIERS IN YBA2CU3O6+X FILMS

The results of the study of optical absorption of metal films YBa2Cu3O6+x when passing through the film direct current to 100 mA are presented. Analysis of the data indicates that the relationship between absorption and current arises due to the possibility of filling the localization areas with carriers in the current mode (or vice versa, due to the emission of localized carriers to the mobility level). Fdor films with substantially nonlinear voltammper characteristic, a strong effect of current on the value of interzone absorption was found. It has been experimentally established that the EO-effect occurs at interzone transitions only in the mode of nonlinear VAC, the amplitude of the effect increases with the growth of current (voltage), but with the linearization of VAC EO-effect disappears. In the field of optical transitions at local levels, this effect was not observed. The analysis of results from the point of view of carrier localization and delocalization processes

Using multi-platform LiDAR to assess vegetation structure for woodland forest fauna

Abstract Vegetation structure can support biodiversity by creating a variety of microclimates and microhabitats that contribute to food and shelter for different species. For this reason, biodiversity and wildlife habitat assessments often require accurate measurements of vegetation structure. Traditional methods for measuring the three-dimensional distribution of vegetation are time-consuming and often limited to small areas or a subset of the landscape. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is an alternative method for collecting three dimensional information on vegetation structure and other landscape features across wide areas. For the first time, we used multi-platform LiDAR data from a terrestrial sensor (TLS) and an unmanned aerial vehicle (ULS) to investigate the relationship between vegetation structure and the diversity and abundance of birds, reptiles and amphibians in a critically endangered grassy woodland ecosystem. The first Chapter of this thesis involves TLS and ULS data collection methods, post-processing steps and exploratory data analysis. We calculated a number of variables to characterise the three-dimensional structure of vegetation across four structurally different, one hectare sites (high-tree/high-shrub, high-tree/low-shrub, low-tree/high-shrub, and low-tree/low-shrub) and compared the values of the TLS and ULS derived variables. Generally, TLS outperformed ULS by producing higher volumetric and height diversity indices within our landscape. In the Second Chapter, the relationship between TLS and ULS derived vegetation structural variables and overall bird abundance, species richness and diversity were investigated using mixed effects regression models. Models showed strong significant associations between vegetation structural variables including canopy roughness, vegetation volume, vertical complexity and the abundance of individual species and guilds. The best performing models were for individual bird species and guilds, whereas overall diversity and abundance showed less association to LiDAR-derived vegetation structural metrics. TLS and ULS based models performed similarly when identifying vegetation structural associations with bird communities and individual species. In the Third Chapter, coarse woody debris (CWD) from TLS, ULS and the combination of both datasets (Fusion) was extracted. Several topographic variables were calculated as raster imagery from LiDAR point clouds and Random Forest (RF) machine learning algorithms were then utilised to classify CWD. Noise reduction algorithms were applied to reduce noise from the classified imagery. Digital height model (DHM), surface roughness and topographic position index were important variables in classifying CWD with RF. Classification accuracy varied depending on the amount of ground vegetation cover. The impacts of ground vegetation cover on CWD accuracy in a grassy woodland were quantified and discussed. The Fourth Chapter explores the relationship between LiDAR derived vegetation structural metrics and the presence and abundance of reptiles and amphibians. Our models demonstrate that woodland reptile and amphibian populations were significantly associated with a number of vegetation structural characteristics from the selected variables, the most common of which were mean canopy height, canopy skewedness, vertical complexity, volume of vegetation and CWD. Notable relationships between herpetofauna population data and vegetation structural metrics are discussed with reference to existing literature on habitat associations for these animals. We also explore reasons why significant associations between LiDAR derived vegetation structural metrics and animal population data were not consistent across sensors and suggest directions for future research