シンロ キボウ ノ コウゾウ ト ヘンヨウ シンロ タヨウ コウ オ タイショウ トシタ ガッコウ パネル チョウサ データ ノ ブンセキ ツガネザワ トシヒロ キョウジュ マツモト シンイチ キョウジュ ニシカワ カズトシ キョウジュ タイニン キネンゴウ

The purpose of our study is to examine the process of changes in academic and career expectations of students at SHINROTAYOUKOU schools(general and vocational high schools which send students in different direction). Our research method is a kind of mixed methods research(MMR)which consists of several-wave panel surveys(quantitative research)and qualitative research. In this paper, we used data from four-wave panel surveys on students at five SHINROTAYOUKOU schools collected between the tenth grade and the twelfth grade and examined structure of academic and career expectations and its change. The following results were obtained. Firstly, it was found that the number of expectations decreased and converged toward 1 as terms passed away and at the general high schools, many students expected postsecondary education while at the vocational high schools, many students expected to work after graduation(tracking effect). It was also found that some students changed their expectation and wanted to enter a four-year university, a few students at general high school wanted to be freeters(underemployed workers)at the twelfth grade, and the tracking effects had been decreasing. Secondly, the multiple corresponding analysis showed the structure of expectations was different between general high school students and vocational high school students. Using log-linear analysis, we found some students returned to their original expectations after two-wave in addition to a Markov pattern. Analyzing the associations between categories in detail, we found three effects at general high schools and five effects at vocational ones, but whether these effects exist or not depended on timing. Thirdly, we analyzed the causes of the change in expectation from working to entering a four-year university. The result showed social backgrounds had no effect on the change in the expectation but those who were at general high schools or those who got high grades were more likely to change. In addition to this, we analyzed these effects from a time-varying perspective and found that those who were at general high schools were more likely to change in the first half of school life and those who got high grades were more likely to change in the latter half of school life. Finally, we analyze the effects on students with no expectations. Those who were at general high schools were more likely to have no expectations in the first half of school life and those who got worse grade were more likely to have no expectations in the latter half of school life. In addition to this, career expectations, consumptive orientation and taking advantage of academic and career information were found to have effects on students with no expectations in some periods. Most research concerning academic and career expectations or choices have conducted one-wave surveys or two-wave panel surveys at best. Our results, however, suggest that the timing is important and conducting several-wave panel surveys and analyzing the data yield fruitful results

College Is Not the Great Equalizer in Japan

This study represents the first systematic account to test the hypothesis of college as the great equalizer in Japan by analyzing the three-way association among class origin, destination, and education. The authors use data from the Social Stratification and Social Mobility surveys and the Japanese Life Course Panel Surveys. By applying the entropy balancing technique, the authors estimate the heterogeneous causal effect of college education on occupational attainment by the father’s occupation. The results indicate that college education does not function as a great equalizer in Japan. There is no clear evidence to suggest that the occupational returns to a college education are greater among those from less advantaged families than those from more advantaged families. The authors argue that the equalizing effect of a college education is not apparent, because of the specific institutional arrangements of the educational system and the labor market in society

Construction of Occupational Status Scales for the Analysis of Data from the Survey on Time Use and Leisure Activities

The Survey on Time Use and Leisure Activities (STULA) asks questions about socio-cultural activities, daily routines, daily schedules, and health-related outcomes, as well as educational attainment, income, and occupation. In particular, a relatively detailed category is used for occupations, to the point that an occupational classifi cation and occupational status scale can be developed based on it. For this reason, developing occupational status scales to be utilized for the analysis of data from the STULA will be useful when conducting future sociological analyses. The objective of this study was to construct occupational status scales to be used in the STULA. By using data from the Employment Status Survey conducted in 2007 and 2012, this study developed the socio-economic index (SEI) and social status index (SSI) of 53 occupations covered in the STULA.特集　公的統計を利用した就業と生活行動の二次分

sj-pdf-1-srd-10.1177_23780231231225558 – Supplemental material for College Is Not the Great Equalizer in Japan

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-srd-10.1177_23780231231225558 for College Is Not the Great Equalizer in Japan by Sho Fujihara and Hiroshi Ishida in Socius</p