Image enhancement using fusions by Wavelet Transform, Laplacian Pyramid and combination of both.

This paper represents idea of combining multiple image modalities to provide a single, enhanced image is well established different fusion methods have been proposed in literature. This paper is based on image fusion using wavelet transform, laplacian pyramid and combination of laplacian pyramid and wavelet transform method. Images of same size are used for experimentation. Images used for the experimentation are standard images and averaging filter is used of equal weights in original images to burl. Performance of image fusion technique is measured by mean square error, normalized absolute error and peak signal to noise ratio. proposed method is compared with wavelet transform method and laplacian pyramid method, from the performance analysis it has been observed that MSE is decreased in case of all three the methods where as PSNR Increased, NAE decreased in case of laplacian pyramid and Combination of laplacian pyramid and wavelet transform where as constant for wavelet transform method

DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS USING SINTERING TECHNIQUE

Objective: Itopride Hydrochloride (ITO) is a prokinetic agent commonly used for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. It activates GI propulsive motility due to its dopamine D2 antagonizing activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. The present work deals with application of sintering technique to matrix tablets of itopride hydrochloride to achieve sustained release using hydrophobic polymersMethods: Eudragit L-100 and carnauba wax were used in combination to achieve sustained release. A 32 factorial design was used to study the effect of sintering and various ratios of Eudragit and carnauba wax on percent drug release at 10 h, contact angle, and porosity. The tablets were also evaluated in terms of tensile strength, in-vitro dissolution and pharmacokinetic studies.Results: The results of a 32 full factorial design revealed that sintering caused decrease in drug release as compared to unsintered tablets. The concentration ratio of Eudragit L-100 and carnauba wax polymers also significantly affected the release profile. Carnauba wax maintained the integrity of the matrix, whereas Eudragit L-100 slowly eroded in the matrix as the drug was released. Thus, the area-to-volume ratio of the tablet remained constant over the duration of the drug release. The optimized formulation followed first order release kinetics with the diffusion-erosion mechanism. In vivo studies revealed higher Tmax of matrix tablet compared to a plain drug which is suggestive of slower absorption. However, the AUC0-10 h of the optimized formula and plain drug was found to be 1.561 h. µg/ml and 0.481 h. µg/ml respectively.Conclusion: Matrix tablets of Itopride hydrochloride can be formulated using the sintering technique to achieve sustained drug release along with increased bioavailability.Â

Simulating Open Quantum System Dynamics on NISQ Computers with Generalized Quantum Master Equations

We present a quantum algorithm based on the Generalized Quantum Master Equation (GQME) approach to simulate open quantum system dynamics on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers. This approach overcomes the limitations of the Lindblad equation, which assumes weak system-bath coupling and Markovity, by providing a rigorous derivation of the equations of motion for any subset of elements of the reduced density matrix. The memory kernel resulting from the effect of the remaining degrees of freedom is used as input to calculate the corresponding non-unitary propagator. We demonstrate how the Sz.-Nagy dilation theorem can be employed to transform the non-unitary propagator into a unitary one in a higher-dimensional Hilbert space, which can then be implemented on quantum circuits of NISQ computers. We validate our quantum algorithm as applied to the spin-boson benchmark model by analyzing the impact of the quantum circuit depth on the accuracy of the results when the subset is limited to the diagonal elements of the reduced density matrix. Our findings demonstrate that our approach yields reliable results on NISQ IBM computers.Comment: 47 pages, 10 figures, updated to the most current version of the manuscrip

Second Medical Use Patenting: A Review of Practices Across Different Jurisdictions

260-264Dying new drug pipeline, increasing cost of new drug discovery and generic competition has brought back the focus on drug repurposing. The keen interest in second medical use of known drugs is a sign of trends in the pharmaceutical industry. However, the business potential of the new indication also depends on the availability of patent protection. This study provides a review of the patentability of second medical uses in various jurisdictions. The article reviews different types of claims that are granted by patent offices for second medical uses and the relevant legislations across different jurisdictions

GSM BASED SECURITY SYSTEM USING MICROCONTROLLER

Security and automation is a prime concern in our dayto- day life. Everyone wants to be as much as secure as possible .Due to the inefficient system security problems are increases. Manual operated system may not be give hundred percent security. GSM based security system is fully automized and efficient syst, designed with the help of Microcontroller. In this system various types of alert signals are generated by the system, given to the owner as well as another person or system like police on their cell phones. With the help of this system we gets alert signal on our mobile phone. So this system reduces mainly efforts to carry any another object for getting an alert signals. This process is take the action with in the fraction of the second. We needs security at every place like Bank at home or apartment and also at office cabin ,shops, farms, parkingetc. With the help of GSM module system is transmit the alert signals to the owner. This system is applicable at every place where we need more security with the help of this system we can easily Find out who is entered in secure zone. With the help of CCTV camera system. This system is avoid extra use of energy using atomization

Fungal biological control agents for integrated management of Culicoides spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) of livestock

Aim: Entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana had wide host range against insects and hence these are being exploited as fungal bio-pesticide on a large scale. Both fungi are proved pesticides against many crop pests and farmers are well acquainted with their use on the field. Thus, research was aimed to explore the potency of these fungal spores against larval and adult Culicoides midges, a pest of livestock. Materials and Methods: In-vitro testing of both fungal biological control agents was undertaken in Petri dishes against field collected Culicoides larvae, while in plastic beakers against field collected blood-engorged female Culicoides midges. In-vivo testing was undertaken by spraying requisite concentration of fungal spores on the drainage channel against larvae and resting sites of adult Culicoides midges in the cattle shed. Lethal concentration 50 (LC50) values and regression equations were drawn by following probit analysis using SPSS statistical computerized program. Results: The results of this study revealed LC50 values of 2692 mg and 3837 mg (108 cfu/g) for B. bassiana and M. anisopliae, respectively, against Culicoides spp. larvae. Death of Culicoides larvae due to B. bassiana showed greenish coloration in the middle of the body with head and tail showed intense blackish changes, while infection of M. anisopliae resulted in death of Culicoides larvae with greenish and blackish coloration of body along with total destruction, followed by desquamation of intestinal channel. The death of adult Culicoides midges were caused by both the fungi and after death growth of fungus were very well observed on the dead cadavers proving the efficacy of the fungus. Conclusion: Preliminary trials with both funguses (M. anisopliae, B. bassiana) showed encouraging results against larvae and adults of Culicoides spp. Hence, it was ascertained that, these two fungal molecules can form a part of biological control and alternative to chemical control and, therefore, can be inducted in integrated management programs