Distribution of Blood Groups in Patients with Angiographically Defined Coronary Artery Disease in Iranian Community

In the past, the relationship between coronary artery disease (CAD) and been studied extensively. The ABO blood group has a significant effect on homeostasis and is therefore associated with adverse cardiovascular events. This study aimed to determine the distribution of ABO blood group and rhesus (Rh) status (ABO/Rh) in patients with different severity of CAD in Iranian community. A total of 1,236 CAD patients undergoing angiography were evaluated and their ABO/Rh blood type was determined in a study center between February 2005 and December 2010. Of the 1,236 records, only 1,046 medical documents recorded the number of involved vessels. The patients were classified according to the number of significantly affected stenotic vessels into single vessel (1VD), two vessels (2VD), and three vessels (3VD) disease subgroups. A substantially different ABO/Rh blood groups distribution was seen in the examined samples (O: 29.7%, A: 39.7%, B: 22.2%, AB: 8.3%, Rh positivity: 89.2%). The ABO/Rh blood group phenotype distribution in CAD patients with 1VD, 2VD, and 3VD was as follows: 37.5%, 41.3%, and 41.5%, respectively, for group A; 24.1%, 20.5%, and 20.6%, respectively, for group B; 31.2%, 26.8%, and 30.2%, respectively, for group O; 7.1%, 11.4% and 7.7%, respectively, for group AB (p = 0.26), and 88.7%, 90.5%, and 87.6%, respectively, for Rh positivity, (p = 0.47).  In addition, no significant correlation was not found among the ABO/Rh blood group distribution and the number of vessels involved, however, according to the different distribution of ABO/Rh blood group in CAD patients and healthy population, ABO/Rh might have an unknown role in CAD patients. Keywords: Coronary artery disease, Blood group, Stenosis, Vessel, Rhesus

The Effect of Chronic Ethanol Consumption on Sexual Motivation and Behavior of Adult Male Wistar Rats in the Copulatory Phase

Background: The interaction of ethanol consumption and sexual behavior has been evaluated over the past three decades; however, some studies have assessed how ethanol consumption affects the general behavioral aspects of the copulatory cycle patterns in male rats. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic ethanol consumption on adult male Wistar rats' sexual motivation and behavior alteration in pre-copulatory, copulatory, and executive phases of the copulatory cycle. Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to two groups (control and ethanol treated groups). After 42 days of treatment, male rats were given access to adult female rats for 2 hours and their sexual behavior were recorded in a fully dark room using an infrared camera. Findings: Chronic ethanol consumption caused a significant increase in anogenital sniffing and mounting, intermission, and ejaculation latencies periods, as well as a significant decrease in the sexual activity index (SAI) and copulatory efficiency (CE) compared to the control group. Conclusion: It is suggested that chronic ethanol consumption suppresses sexual behavior and reduces male rats' tendency toward sexual interaction with female rats as manifested by the enhanced latency periods in the copulatory phases and reduced SAI of ethanol treated animals

The effect of Nandrolon Injection with or without obligatory swimming exercise on General changes And Abnormal function of Physiological changes of kidney in rates

Background and Objective: Abuse of anabolic steroids to increase concerns about the harmful effects of these drugs on different organs, including the kidneys has increased. Sports activities such as swimming does not modify the effects of anabolic steroids. In this study, the effects of anabolic steroids with or without swimming the public and biochemical changes in renal tissue of rats was performed.Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of 32 male rats Wistar, with an average weight of 20 ± 220 g in the form of four groups of nandrolone alone 10 mg / kg (n = 8), nandrolone and forced swim 10 mg / gr (n = 8), forced swim alone (n = 8) and controls (n = 8) were divided. In this study, urine samples were collected to measure biochemical variables. : Data obtained with the software spss version 21 Test and one-way ANOVA significant level P�0 / 05 was performed.Results: H & E and PAS staining nandrolone decanoate + exercise groups compared with control groups and sports inflammation of the glomeruli, tubular atrophy, the number of leukocytes was more evident.Conclusion: The results of swimming exercise any impact on different parts of the kidney of male rats does not allow the use of nandrolone could be change in these sectors.Keywords: nandrolone, sports, swimming, stained H & E, coloring PAS, rats, creatinine, ure

Association of endothelial dysfunction and cytotoxin-associated gene A-positive Helicobacter pylori in patients with cardiac syndrome X

Background: Existence of coronary endothelial dysfunction has been demonstrated in patients with cardiac syndrome X (CSX). In addition, Helicobacter pylorus (H. pylori) has been associated with CSX. We aimed to assess the possible association of endothelial dysfunction and cytotoxin-associated gene A-positive H. pylori (CagA+) infection in CSX patients. Methods: Fifty-six patients with CSX (23 male/33 female; age: 51.25 ± 8.86 years) who were anti-H. pylori IgG-positive [H. pylori(+)] and 24 CSX patients (7 male/17 female; age: 52.79 ± 9.88 years) who were H. pylori(â) were included. Also, anti-H. pylori IgG-positive patients were determined by the presence of IgG antibody to CagA. Levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1), E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were measured. Results: Endothelial dysfunction biomarkers were higher in H. pylori(+) than in H. pylori(â) patients (ET-1: 54.60 ± 25.39 vs. 42.59 ± 18.37 pg/ml, p = 0.04; E-selectin: 42.68 ± 14.26 vs. 31.72 ± 8.26 ng/ml, p = 0.001; ICAM-1: 339.68 ± 135.8 vs. 266.51 ± 125.1 ng/ml, p = 0.02). Among H. pylori(+) subjects, 28 cases were CagA(+) and 28 cases were CagA(â). There were significant differences in measured levels of E-selectin between CagA(+) and CagA(â) groups (48.00 ± 16.37 vs. 37.37 ± 9.37 ng/ml, p = 0.004). For ET-1 and ICAM-1 levels, the difference between CagA(+) and CagA(â) was insignificant (p = 0.174 and p = 0.07, respectively). Conclusion: High levels of endothelial dysfunction biomarkers are found in CSX patients with anti-CagA(+). These findings suggest the infection with CagA(+) H. pylori strain may play a role as a risk factor in development of CSX through provocation of endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, a long term follow up to investigate the outcomes of these patients is proposed. Keywords: Cardiac syndrome X, Endothelial dysfunction, Helicobacter pylori, Cytotoxin-associated gene

Protective Effects of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Extract against Diabetes-Induced Heart Abnormality in Rats

BackgroundDiabetic cardiomyopathy is an important causal factor in morbidity and mortality among diabetic patients, and currently, no effective means are available to reverse its pathological progress. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of ginger extract on apolipoproteins (apo) A and B, hyperhomocysteinemia, cathepsin G and leptin changes, as well as cardiac fibrosis and heart muscle cell proliferation under hyperglycemic conditions in vivo.MethodsTwenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into three groups, namely: control, non-treated diabetic, and ginger extract-treated diabetic groups. The ginger extract-treated diabetic group received a 50 mg daily dose of ginger extract intragastrically for 6 weeks.ResultsThe results revealed concurrent significant increases in plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), homocysteine (Hcy), cathepsin G and apoB levels and decreases in apoA and leptin levels in the non-treated diabetic group compared to the control group. Moreover, heart structural changes, including fibrosis and heart muscle cell proliferation, were observed in non-treated diabetic rats compared to the control rats. Significant amelioration of changes in the heart structure together with restoration of the elevated levels of Hcy and CRP, leptin, cathepsin G, and apoA and B were found in the ginger extract-treated diabetic group compared to the non-treated diabetic group.ConclusionThe findings indicated that ginger extract significantly reduces heart structural abnormalities in diabetic rats and that these effects might be associated with improvements in serum apo, leptin, cathepsin G, and Hcy levels and with the antioxidant properties of ginger extract

Transcriptional activity of tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with coronary slow flow

BACKGROUND: Coronary slow flow (CSF), an angiographic phenomenon that is characterized by a delayed&nbsp;coronary blood flow&nbsp;in the absence of obstructive coronary artery stenosis, is known as a disorder of the coronary microcirculation. Inflammation has an important role in the vascular hemostasis and endothelial dysfunction especially regarding monocyte adhesion and infiltration. Pro-inflammatory cytokines released by inflammatory cells result in endothelial cell dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases. It has been demonstrated that&nbsp;tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-&alpha;)&nbsp;mainly influences the vascular homeostasis and endothelial dysfunction. In the present enquiry the transcriptional activity of TNF-&alpha; gene in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with CSF was compared with healthy controls in order to further survey the role of TNF-&alpha; in pathophysiology of CSF. METHODS: The study was carried out on 30 patients with CSF and 30 matched healthy controls. To analysis gene expression of TNF-&alpha;, total mRNA was isolated from PBMCs. The quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to compare the transcriptional activity of TNF-&alpha; gene between patients with CSF and controls. RESULTS: The mean &plusmn; standard error of mean of fold in CSF patients and controls were 0.20 &plusmn; 0.04 and 1.38 &plusmn; 0.27, respectively. The mRNA mean expressions of TNF-&alpha; (fold) were different in tested groups, which indicated a significant decrease in TNF-&alpha; in patients with CSF group (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Expression of TNF-&alpha; was decreased in patients with CSF. Changes in TNF-&alpha; expression suggest a potential role for altered immune function in the pathophysiology of CSF.&nbsp;</p