New identities involving q-Euler polynomials of higher order

In this paper we give new identities involving q-Euler polynomials of higher order.Comment: 11 page

A Simple Model of Liquid-liquid Phase Transitions

In recent years, a second fluid-fluid phase transition has been reported in several materials at pressures far above the usual liquid-gas phase transition. In this paper, we introduce a new model of this behavior based on the Lennard-Jones interaction with a modification to mimic the different kinds of short-range orientational order in complex materials. We have done Monte Carlo studies of this model that clearly demonstrate the existence of a second first-order fluid-fluid phase transition between high- and low-density liquid phases

Ab initio van der Waals interactions in simulations of water alter structure from mainly tetrahedral to high-density-like

The structure of liquid water at ambient conditions is studied in ab initio molecular dynamics simulations using van der Waals (vdW) density-functional theory, i.e. using the new exchange-correlation functionals optPBE-vdW and vdW-DF2. Inclusion of the more isotropic vdW interactions counteracts highly directional hydrogen-bonds, which are enhanced by standard functionals. This brings about a softening of the microscopic structure of water, as seen from the broadening of angular distribution functions and, in particular, from the much lower and broader first peak in the oxygen-oxygen pair-correlation function (PCF), indicating loss of structure in the outer solvation shells. In combination with softer non-local correlation terms, as in the new parameterization of vdW-DF, inclusion of vdW interactions is shown to shift the balance of resulting structures from open tetrahedral to more close-packed. The resulting O-O PCF shows some resemblance with experiment for high-density water (A. K. Soper and M. A. Ricci, Phys. Rev. Lett., 84:2881, 2000), but not directly with experiment for ambient water. However, an O-O PCF consisting of a linear combination of 70% from vdW-DF2 and 30% from experiment on low-density liquid water reproduces near-quantitatively the experimental O-O PCF for ambient water, indicating consistency with a two-liquid model with fluctuations between high- and low-density regions

Plasma synthesis of single crystal silicon nanoparticles for novel electronic device applications

Single-crystal nanoparticles of silicon, several tens of nm in diameter, may be suitable as building blocks for single-nanoparticle electronic devices. Previous studies of nanoparticles produced in low-pressure plasmas have demonstrated the synthesis nanocrystals of 2-10 nm diameter but larger particles were amorphous or polycrystalline. This work reports the use of a constricted, filamentary capacitively coupled low-pressure plasma to produce single-crystal silicon nanoparticles with diameters between 20-80 nm. Particles are highly oriented with predominant cubic shape. The particle size distribution is rather monodisperse. Electron microscopy studies confirm that the nanoparticles are highly oriented diamond-cubic silicon.Comment: accepted for publication in Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, scheduled for Dec. 2004 F

ヨウリョクタイガタ フェレドキシン ノ コウゾウ カイセキ 2.8Å ブンカイノウ

Remarkable progress in the physical parameters of net-current free plasmas has been made in the Large Helical Device (LHD) since the last Fusion Energy Conference in Chengdu, 2006 (O.Motojima et al., Nucl. Fusion 47 (2007) S668). The beta value reached 5 % and a high beta state beyond 4.5% from the diamagnetic measurement has been maintained for longer than 100 times the energy confinement time. The density and temperature regimes also have been extended. The central density has exceeded 1.0 x 10^21 m^-3 due to the formation of an Internal Diffusion Barrier (IDB). The ion temperature has reached 6.8 keV at the density of 2 x 10^19m^-3, which is associated with the suppression of ion heat conduction loss. Although these parameters have been obtained in separated discharges, each fusion-reactor relevant parameter has elucidated the potential of net-current free heliotron plasmas. Diversified studies in recent LHD experiments are reviewed in this paper

Performance comparison of nitrile-based liquid electrolytes on bifacial dye-sensitized solar cells under low-concentrated light

Abstract: Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) has low power output and efficiency. Even though the low-concentrated light can increase the POUT and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of DSSC, the effect of increase in the cell temperature, particularly electrolyte evaporation, becomes a major concern. In this study, we compared and investigated the performance of acetonitrile (AN-50), propionitrile (PN-50), and 3-metoxy propionitrile (Z-100) as nitrile-based electrolyte under low-concentrated light. The results showed 4–8 times increase in JSC and POUT in all electrolytes. AN-50 demonstrated an improved performance under influence of 2 cm distance concave mirror concentrated light with the highest JSC = 74.21 mA/cm2, POUT = 24.53 mW/cm2, and η = 7.99. However, the performance of cell with AN-50 and PN-50 started to degrade within 3 h of measurement. In contrast, Z-100 displayed performance stability during 4 days measurement even with the lowest JSC= 49.98 mA/cm2, POUT = 19.50 mW/cm2, and η = 6.35. Graphical abstract: Figure not available: see fulltext