291 research outputs found
Phase Diagram of Lattice-Spin System RbCoBr
We study the lattice-spin model of RbCoBr which is proposed by Shirahata
and Nakamura, by mean field approximation. This model is an Ising spin system
on a distorted triangular lattice. There are two kinds of frustrated variables,
that is, the lattice and spin. We obtain a phase diagram of which phase
boundary is drawn continuously in a whole region. Intermediate phases that
include a partial disordered state appear. The model has the first-order phase
transitions in addition to the second-order phase transitions. We find a
three-sublattice ferrimagnetic state in the phase diagram. The three-sublattice
ferrimagnetic state does not appear when the lattice is not distorted.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, jpsj2.cls, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.
Vol.75 (2006) No.
Density Matrix Renormalization Group Study of the Disorder Line in the Quantum ANNNI Model
We apply Density Matrix Renormalization Group methods to study the phase
diagram of the quantum ANNNI model in the region of low frustration where the
ferromagnetic coupling is larger than the next-nearest-neighbor
antiferromagnetic one. By Finite Size Scaling on lattices with up to 80 sites
we locate precisely the transition line from the ferromagnetic phase to a
paramagnetic phase without spatial modulation. We then measure and analyze the
spin-spin correlation function in order to determine the disorder transition
line where a modulation appears. We give strong numerical support to the
conjecture that the Peschel-Emery one-dimensional line actually coincides with
the disorder line. We also show that the critical exponent governing the
vanishing of the modulation parameter at the disorder transition is .Comment: 4 pages, 5 eps figure
Nano–bio interaction between human immunoglobulin G and nontoxic, near-infrared emitting water-borne silicon quantum dot micelles
In recent years, the field of nanomaterials has exponentially expanded with versatile biological applications. However, one of the roadblocks to their clinical translation is the critical knowledge gap about how the nanomaterials interact with the biological microenvironment (nano–bio interactions). When nanomaterials are used as drug carriers or contrast agents for biological imaging, the nano–bio interaction-mediated protein conformational changes and misfolding could lead to disease-related molecular alterations and/or cell death. Here, we studied the conformation changes of human immunoglobulin G (IgG) upon interaction with silicon quantum dots functionalized with 1-decene, Pluronic-F127 (SiQD-De/F127 micelles) using UV-visible, fluorescence steady state and excited state kinetics, circular dichroism, and molecular modeling. Decene monolayer terminated SiQDs are accumulated inside the Pluronic F127 shells to form SiQD-De/F127 micelles and were shown to bind strongly with IgG. In addition, biological evaluation studies in cell lines (HeLa, Fibroblast) and medaka fish (eggs and larvae) showed enhanced uptake and minimal cytotoxicity. Our results substantiate that engineered QDs obviating the protein conformational changes could have adept bioefficacy
A quantum Monte Carlo algorithm realizing an intrinsic relaxation
We propose a new quantum Monte Carlo algorithm which realizes a relaxation
intrinsic to the original quantum system. The Monte Carlo dynamics satisfies
the dynamic scaling relation and is independent of the Trotter
number. Finiteness of the Trotter number just appears as the finite-size
effect. An infinite Trotter number version of the algorithm is also formulated,
which enables us to observe a true relaxation of the original system. The
strategy of the algorithm is a compromise between the conventional worldline
local flip and the modern cluster loop flip. It is a local flip in the
real-space direction and is a cluster flip in the Trotter direction. The new
algorithm is tested by the transverse-field Ising model in two dimensions. An
accurate phase diagram is obtained.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
Far-infrared imaging of post-AGB stars and (proto)-planetary nebulae with the AKARI Far-Infrared Surveyor
By tracing the distribution of cool dust in the extended envelopes of
post-AGB stars and (proto)-planetary nebulae ((P)PNe) we aim to recover, or
constrain, the mass loss history experienced by these stars in their recent
past. The Far-Infrared Surveyor (FIS) instrument on board the AKARI satellite
was used to obtain far-infrared maps for a selected sample of post-AGB stars
and (P)PNe. We derived flux densities (aperture photometry) for 13 post-AGB
stars and (P)PNe at four far-infrared wavelengths (60, 90, 140, and 160 um).
Radial (azimuthally averaged) profiles are used to investigate the presence of
extended emission from cool dust. No (detached) extended emission is detected
for any target in our sample at levels significant with respect to background
and cirrus emission. Only IRAS 21046+4739 reveals tentative excess emission
between 30 and 130". Estimates of the total dust and gas mass from the obtained
maps indicate that the envelope masses of these stars should be large in order
to be detected with the AKARI FIS. Imaging with higher sensitivity and higher
spatial resolution is needed to detect and resolve, if present, any cool
compact or extended emission associated with these evolved stars.Comment: accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal (16 pages, 3
figures and 4 tables
The antiferromagnetic order in an F-AF random alternating quantum spin chain : (CH_3)_2 CHNH_3 Cu(Cl_x Br_{1-x})_3
A possibility of the uniform antiferromagnetic order is pointed out in an
S=1/2 ferromagnetic (F) - antiferromagnetic (AF) random alternating Heisenberg
quantum spin chain compound: (CH_3)_2 CHNH_3 Cu(Cl_x Br_{1-x})_3. The system
possesses the bond alternation of strong random bonds that take +/- 2J and weak
uniform AF bonds of -J. In the pure concentration limits, the model reduces to
the AF-AF alternation chain at x=0 and to the F-AF alternation chain at x=1.
The nonequilibrium relaxation of large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations
exhibits critical behaviors of the uniform AF order in the intermediate
concentration region, which explains the experimental observation of the
magnetic phase transition. The present results suggest that the uniform AF
order may survive even in the presence of the randomly located ferromagnetic
bonds.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Polyamine metabolism is involved in adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells
Polyamines spermidine and spermine are known to be required for mammalian cell proliferation and for embryonic development. Alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) a limiting enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis, depleted the cellular polyamines and prevented triglyceride accumulation and differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. In this study, to explore the function of polyamines in adipogenesis, we examined the effect of polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors on adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation of 3T3-L1 cells. The spermidine synthase inhibitor trans-4-methylcyclohexylamine (MCHA) increased spermine/spermidine ratios, whereas the spermine synthase inhibitor N-(3-aminopropyl)-cyclohexylamine (APCHA) decreased the ratios in the cells. MCHA was found to decrease lipid accumulation and GPDH activity during differentiation, while APCHA increased lipid accumulation and GPDH activity indicating the enhancement of differentiation. The polyamine-acetylating enzyme, spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) activity was increased within a few hours after stimulus for differentiation, and was found to be elevated by APCHA. In mature adipocytes APCHA decreased lipid accumulation while MCHA had the opposite effect. An acetylpolyamine oxidase and spermine oxidase inhibitor MDL72527 or an antioxidant N-acetylcysteine prevented the promoting effect of APCHA on adipogenesis. These results suggest that not only spermine/spermidine ratios but also polyamine catabolic enzyme activity may contribute to adipogenesis
Spin-Glass and Chiral-Glass Transitions in a Heisenberg Spin-Glass Model in Three Dimensions
The three-dimensional Heisenberg spin-glass model is investigated by
the non-equilibrium relaxation method from the paramagnetic state. Finite-size
effects in the non-equilibrium relaxation are analyzed, and the relaxation
functions of the spin-glass susceptibility and the chiral-glass susceptibility
in the infinite-size system are obtained. The finite-time scaling analysis
gives the spin-glass transition at and the
chiral-glass transition at . The results
suggest that both transitions occur simultaneously. The critical exponent of
the spin-glass susceptibility is estimated as ,
which makes an agreement with the experiments of the insulating and the
canonical spin-glass materials.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
- …