大腸癌腹膜播種に対する完全減量切除術と腹膜播種局所切除術の比較：後ろ向き観察研究

京都大学新制・課程博士博士(医学)甲第24883号医博第5017号京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻(主査)教授 中島 貴子, 教授 石見 拓, 教授 中山 健夫学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Medical ScienceKyoto UniversityDFA

Treatment with DHA/EPA ameliorates atopic dermatitis-like skin disease by blocking LTB4 production

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is caused by both dysregulated immune responses and an impaired skin barrier. Although leukotriene B4 (LTB4) is involved in tissue inflammation that occurs in several disorders, including AD, therapeutic strategies based on LTB4 inhibition have not been explored. Here we demonstrate that progression of an AD-like skin disease in NC/Nga mice is inhibited when docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is administered together with FK506. Treatment with DHA/EPA and FK506 decreases the clinical score of dermatitis in NC/Nga mice and lowers local LTB4 concentrations. The treatment also suppressed the infiltration of T cells, B cells, eosinophils and neutrophils, and promoted reduced serum IgE levels. Secretion of IL-13 and IL-17A in CD4+ T cells was lower in DHA/EPA- and FK506-treated mice than in mice treated with FK506 alone. The inhibition of disease progression induced by DHA/EPA was reversed by local injection of LTB4, suggesting that the therapeutic effect of DHA/EPA is LTB4-dependent. Our results demonstrate that treatment of AD with DHA/EPA is effective for allergic skin inflammation and acts by suppressing LTB4 production

Artificial-enzyme gel membrane-based biosurveillance sensor with high reproducibility and long-term storage stability

We propose that the most sophisticated strategy for primary biosurveillance is to exploit structural commonality through the detection of biologically relevant phosphoric substances. A novel assay, an artificial-enzyme membrane was designed and synthesized for sensor fabrication. This artificial-enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of the diphosphoric acid anhydride structure. This structure-selective, albeit not molecule-selective, catalytic hydrolysis was successfully coupled with amperometric detection. Since the catalytic reaction produces a dephosphorylation product (PO43−), it can be reduced by an electrode potential of −250 mV vs. Ag/AgCl. Owing to the structural selectivity of the artificial-enzyme membrane, the sensor can detect biological phosphoric substances comprehensively that have the diphosphoric acid anhydride structure. The sensor successfully determined various biological phosphoric substances at concentrations in the micromolar (µM) to millimolar (mM) range, and it showed good functional stability and reproducibility in terms of sensor responses. This sensor was used to detect Escherichia coli lysed by heat treatment, and the response increased with increasing bacterial numbers. This unique technique for analyzing molecular commonality can be applied to the surveillance of biocontaminants, e.g. microorganisms, spores and viruses. Artificial-enzyme-based detection is a novel strategy for practical biosurveillance in the front line

Expression dynamics of HAND1/2 in in vitro human cardiomyocyte differentiation

転写因子HAND1とHAND2の発現パターンと役割の解明 --ヒトiPS細胞から増殖能の高い心筋細胞を回収する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2021-07-27.Three genes determine heart cell growth. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2021-07-27.Hand1 and Hand2 are transcriptional factors, and knockout mice of these genes show left and right ventricular hypoplasia, respectively. However, their function and expression in human cardiogenesis are not well studied. To delineate their expressions and assess their functions in human cardiomyocytes (CMs) in vitro, we established two triple-reporter human induced pluripotent stem cell lines that express HAND1[mCherry], HAND2[EGFP] and either MYH6-driven iRFP670 or tagBFP constitutively and investigated their expression dynamics during cardiac differentiation. On day 5 of the differentiation, HAND1 expression marked cardiac progenitor cells. We profiled the CM subpopulations on day 20 with RNA sequencing and found that mCherry+ CMs showed higher proliferative ability than mCherry− CMs and identified a gene network of LEF1, HAND1, and HAND2 to regulate proliferation in CMs. Finally, we identified CD105 as a surface marker of highly proliferative CMs