1,038 research outputs found

    Confidence intervals and P-valves for meta analysis with publication bias

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    We study publication bias in meta analysis by supposing there is a population (y, σ) of studies which give treatment effect estimates y ~ N(θ, σ2). A selection function describes the probability that each study is selected for review. The overall estimate of θ depends on the studies selected, and hence on the (unknown) selection function. Our previous paper, Copas and Jackson (2004, A bound for publication bias based on the fraction of unpublished studies, Biometrics 60, 146-153), studied the maximum bias over all possible selection functions which satisfy the weak condition that large studies (small σ) are as likely, or more likely, to be selected than small studies (large σ). This led to a worstcase sensitivity analysis, controlling for the overall fraction of studies selected. However, no account was taken of the effect of selection on the uncertainty in estimation. This paper extends the previous work by finding corresponding confidence intervals and P-values, and hence a new sensitivity analysis for publication bias. Two examples are discussed

    The Progress of Production Techniques in Japanese Shipbuilding

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    http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/96620/1/39015087358571.pd

    Robust Independent Component Analysis via Minimum Divergence Estimation

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    Independent component analysis (ICA) has been shown to be useful in many applications. However, most ICA methods are sensitive to data contamination and outliers. In this article we introduce a general minimum U-divergence framework for ICA, which covers some standard ICA methods as special cases. Within the U-family we further focus on the gamma-divergence due to its desirable property of super robustness, which gives the proposed method gamma-ICA. Statistical properties and technical conditions for the consistency of gamma-ICA are rigorously studied. In the limiting case, it leads to a necessary and sufficient condition for the consistency of MLE-ICA. This necessary and sufficient condition is weaker than the condition known in the literature. Since the parameter of interest in ICA is an orthogonal matrix, a geometrical algorithm based on gradient flows on special orthogonal group is introduced to implement gamma-ICA. Furthermore, a data-driven selection for the gamma value, which is critical to the achievement of gamma-ICA, is developed. The performance, especially the robustness, of gamma-ICA in comparison with standard ICA methods is demonstrated through experimental studies using simulated data and image data.Comment: 7 figure

    FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PEMAKAIAN KONTRASEPSI TUBEKTOMI PADA AKSEPTOR USIA KURANG DARI 35 TAHUN

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    Metode kontrasepsi merupakan usaha untuk menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian yang tinggi akibat kehamilan. setiap metode mempunyai kelebihan dan kekurangan sehingga terkadang pemilihannya menjadi masalah bagi wanita. kontrasepsi tubektomi merupakan kontrasepsi jangka panjang (permanen)dan relatif tidak menimbulkan efek samping, tetapi yang menjadi masalah adalah operasi pengembalian fekunditas bagi pasangan yang ingin mengubah rencana untuk menambah anak lagi belum dapat dijamin dan biaya yang diperlukan sangat mahal. kontrasepsi tubektomi dianjurkan bagi mereka yang sudah mempunyai anak minimal 2 orang dan usia ibu di atas 35 tahun. hal ini disebabkan karena kehamilan usia di atas 35 tahun berisiko tinggi dan sangat rentan terhadap penyakit. di Rumah Bersalin Bhakti IBI terdapat 171 akseptor berusia kurang dari 35 tahun dan sebanyak 23,9% menggunakan kontrasepsi tubektomi. tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui beberapa faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan pemakaian kontrasepsi tubektomi pada akseptor berusia kurang dari 35 tahun. jenis penelitian ini adalah explanatory research dengan pendekatan case control. Populasi adalah semua akseptor berusia kurang dari 35 tahun pada bulan Januari sampai dengan April 2005 di Rumah Bersalin Bhakti IBI Semarang dengan sampel sebanyak 80 responden (40 kasus dan 40 kontrol). Uji statistik menggunakan analisis bivariat chi-square test dengan taraf signifikan 95% dan untuk mengetahui besarnya risiko menggunakan ,odds ratio (OR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan yang bermakna antara riwayat penyakit dengan pemakaian kontrasepsi tubektomi dengan OR 11,3; nilai p 0,014; 95%CI:1,360-94,248 ; antara riwayat efek samping kontrasepsi lain dengan pemakaian kontrasepsi tubektomi dengan OR 3,1; nilai p 0,024; 95%CI:1,255-7,938 dan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara jumlah anak dengan pemakaian kontrasepsi tubektomi dengan OR 12,2; nilai p 0,001; 95%CI:3,637-40,765. dari hasil penelitian disarankan bahwa untuk menekan angka pertumbuhan penduduk, subsidi penuh sebaiknya diberikan juga pada metode kontrasepsi non tubektomi dan minimalisasi efek samping yang ditimbulkan oleh kontrasepsi hormonal. Kata Kunci: Tubektomi, Akseptor (< 35 tahun

    Lattice Boltzmann method for simulation of wettable particles at a fluid-fluid interface under gravity

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    A computational technique was developed to simulate wettable particles trapped at a fluid-fluid interface under gravity. The proposed technique combines the improved smoothed profile-lattice Boltzmann method (iSP-LBM) for the treatment of moving solid-fluid boundaries and the free-energy LBM for the description of isodensity immiscible two-phase flows. We considered five benchmark problems in two-dimensional systems, including a stationary drop, a wettable particle trapped at a fluid-fluid interface in the absence or presence of gravity, two freely moving particles at a fluid-fluid interface in the presence of gravity (i.e., capillary floatation forces), and two vertically constrained particles at a fluid-fluid interface (i.e., capillary immersion forces). The simulation results agreed well with theoretical estimations, demonstrating the efficacy of the proposed technique

    確率密度空間のパス連結性

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    Open House, ISM in Tachikawa, 2015.6.19統計数理研究所オープンハウス(立川)、H27.6.19ポスター発

    A Reconsideration of Mathematical Statistics

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    Open House, ISM in Tachikawa, 2016.6.17統計数理研究所オープンハウス(立川)、H28.6.17ポスター発
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