Structural, optical and gas sensing properties of barium titanate surface modified by nano silver

Paper represents the results of SO2 sensing performance of BaTiO3 surface modified by nano silver. Surface modification was performed by dipping of BaTiO3 thick films in the synthesized nano silver. The main objective was to investigate the effect of nano silver on gas sensing performance of BaTiO3 perovskite. Different intervals of dipping time were used to find the optimum dipping amount on the surface of perovskite oxide. Synthesized silver was characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Surface modified thick films were analyzed for structural, morphological, electrical and gas sensing properties by XRD, SEM with EDX, static gas sensing unit respectively. Selectivity of surface modified BaTiO3 thick films was also investigated

Impact of modular mitochondrial epistatic interactions on the evolution of human subpopulations

Investigation of human mitochondrial (mt) genome variation has been shown to provide insights to the human history and natural selection. By analyzing 24,167 human mt-genome samples, collected for five continents, we have developed a co-mutation network model to investigate characteristic human evolutionary patterns. The analysis highlighted richer co-mutating regions of the mt-genome, suggesting the presence of epistasis. Specifically, a large portion of COX genes was found to co-mutate in Asian and American populations, whereas, in African, European, and Oceanic populations, there was greater co-mutation bias in hypervariable regions. Interestingly, this study demonstrated hierarchical modularity as a crucial agent for these co-mutation networks. More profoundly, our ancestry-based co-mutation module analyses showed that mutations cluster preferentially in known mitochondrial haplogroups. Contemporary human mt-genome nucleotides most closely resembled the ancestral state, and very few of them were found to be ancestral-variants. Overall, these results demonstrated that subpopulation-based biases may favor mitochondrial gene specific epistasis

Reformation of Reproductive Health Using Havishyaanna in Rajaswalacharya

It’s been years that women are suffering from general disturbances associated with menstruation like abdominal pain, psychological stress, disturbed bowel movements. PG inhibitors and antispasmodic drugs etc are the popular mode of medication used in regular gynaecological clinical practice. It can give relief to the patient but has limitations over preventing the recurrence, which is, tend to happen mainly in adolescent and middle aged women due to modern lifestyle. According to Ayurveda, menstruation is a physiological process and governed by the actions of the three balanced state Doshas exist in a proper and its inequality causes abnormal menstruation. There are amazing diets and lifestyle modification given in Ayurveda which are beneficial to restore menstrual health with different combinations given in the ancient texts. Amongst all given possible diets during menstruation, Havishyanna - special diet is the most feasible as patients can make it on its own, consume for first three days of menstrual cycle which requires very less timing and has simple procedure. Menstruating women can deal with symptomatic and psychological changes occur during the menstruation by practicing Rajaswala Paricharya. Addition to this Havishyanna helps to reform reproductive health, it maintains balance of Vata dosha during menstruation, proper Rajavahan and Rajasrav, proper Rutukal nirmiti which helps to form high quality of oocyte, maintain healthy uterine environment, all these able to carry healthy pregnancy, in turn healthy Progeny

Network spectra for drug-target identification in complex diseases: new guns against old foes

Abstract The fundamental understanding of altered complex molecular interactions in a diseased condition is the key to its cure. The overall functioning of these molecules is kind of jugglers play in the cell orchestra and to anticipate these relationships among the molecules is one of the greatest challenges in modern biology and medicine. Network science turned out to be providing a successful and simple platform to understand complex interactions among healthy and diseased tissues. Furthermore, much information about the structure and dynamics of a network is concealed in the eigenvalues of its adjacency matrix. In this review, we illustrate rapid advancements in the field of network science in combination with spectral graph theory that enables us to uncover the complexities of various diseases. Interpretations laid by network science approach have solicited insights into molecular relationships and have reported novel drug targets and biomarkers in various complex diseases

Codon based co-occurrence network motifs in human mitochondria

The nucleotide polymorphism in human mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) tolled by codon position bias plays an indispensable role in human population dispersion and expansion. Herein, we constructed genome-wide nucleotide co-occurrence networks using a massive data consisting of five different geographical regions and around 3000 samples for each region. We developed a powerful network model to describe complex mitochondrial evolutionary patterns between codon and non-codon positions. It was interesting to report a different evolution of Asian genomes than those of the rest which is divulged by network motifs. We found evidence that mtDNA undergoes substantial amounts of adaptive evolution, a finding which was supported by a number of previous studies. The dominance of higher order motifs indicated the importance of long-range nucleotide co-occurrence in genomic diversity. Most notably, codon motifs apparently underpinned the preferences among codon positions for co-evolution which is probably highly biased during the origin of the genetic code. Our analyses manifested that codon position co-evolution is very well conserved across human sub-populations and independently maintained within human sub-populations implying the selective role of evolutionary processes on codon position co-evolution. Ergo, this study provided a framework to investigate cooperative genomic interactions which are critical in underlying complex mitochondrial evolution

Supplementary Material: A multilayer protein-protein interaction network analysis of different life stages in Caenorhabditis elegans

<p>The supplementary material comprises of (A) Key words and abbreviations, (B) Description of life stages, (C) Collection of data and (D) Figure on Eigenvalue distribution of adjacency matrices of PPI and corresponding ER random networks.</p

Spontaneous lens absorption following nonpenetrating ocular trauma

Spontaneous absorption of the crystalline lens although uncommon has been infrequently reported in the literature, going back to as far as two centuries. A 60-year-old female patient, with no previous significant ocular or systemic history, presented with a history of gradual painless progressive diminution vision in both eyes for 3 years. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy revealed aphakia with an inferior posterior capsular defect in the right eye and a mature cataract in the left. All hematological investigations were within the normal limits. A manual SICS with a rigid polymethyl methacrylate intraocular lens (IOL) was performed in the left eye first, followed by secondary IOL (iris-claw) implantation in the right eye. The patient made a complete recovery with a significant postoperative visual improvement in both eyes. Complete, asymptomatic, and spontaneous absorption of the crystalline lens can present as an uncommon sequela of nonpenetrating blunt ocular trauma, as described by the following case

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Not AvailableSalinity is one of the several abiotic factors affecting grape productivity and quality. Transcription factors belonging to AP2/ERF family play an important role in abiotic stress response. Based on the in silico analysis of salt stress libraries of grape ESTs, a transcription factor VviERF073, having a single AP2/ERF conserved domain was identified. The sequence of VviERF073 was analyzed in 'Thompson Seedless'. VviERF073 belonged to the B2 subfamily of ERF transcription factors. Under salt stress, the relative expression of VviERF073 increased 2.7 fold in the leaves of grafted grapevine within six hours of salt stress. The expression increased to 8.7 fold at 15 days of salt stress, thus indicating its role in early as well as late response to salt stress. However, expression of VviERF073 did not change significantly in grapevines raised on own roots. The expression varied in the roots of 'Thompson Seedless' but not in the roots of '110R'. Under salt stress conditions, GAPDH and EF1α for grafted vines and Actin and Tubulin for own root vines, were identified as the stable reference genes for qPCR data normalization.Not Availabl