3,192 research outputs found
Loneliness Rates among Undergraduates from 2008 to 2022, according to Data from the National College Health Assessment
Loneliness is a painful awareness that oneâs social relationships are less numerous or meaningful than one desires (Peplau & Perlman, 1982). To feel lonely is to feel excluded from a group, unloved by those surrounding oneself, unable to share oneâs private concerns, or alienated from others (Myers & Twenge, 2019).
Since Fall 2008, the American College Health Association has collected data on loneliness from an average of 44,888 college students in its fall and spring administrations of the National College Health Assessment (NCHA). In this study, we report the rates of loneliness among undergraduates from Fall 2008 to Spring 2022.
Prior to Fall 2019, the NCHA measured loneliness by asking students whether they had felt âvery lonelyâ in the past 12 months. In Fall 2008, 61% reported feeling very lonely; by Spring 2019, 67.4% did so.
Since Fall 2019, the NCHA has used three items (Hughes et al., 2004, ? = .72) from the revised 20-item UCLA Loneliness Scale (Russell et al., 1980, ? = .94) to measure loneliness. The correlation between the 3-item scale and the 20-item scale is high (r = .82). The three items included: âHow often do you feel that you lack companionship?â, âHow often do you feel left out?â, and âHow often do you feel isolated from others?â Responses included: 1(hardly ever), 2(some of the time), and 3 (often). Respondentsâ scores for these three items were summed (min = 3, max = 9). A total score of 3 â 5 was classified as the absence of loneliness, whereas a total score of 6 â 9 was classified as the presence of loneliness. In Fall 2019, 50.3% of undergraduates were lonely. By Spring 2022, the rate rose to 53.6%.
Regardless of whether undergraduates self-identify themselves as feeling very lonely or are classified as lonely based on a 3-item measure of loneliness, over half of undergraduates are lonely, and the rates have been creeping up. We will discuss the implications of these findings
Coordination of metronidazole to Cu(II): Structural characterization of a mononuclear square-planar compound Joshua H.
The reaction between metronidazole [1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole, MET] and CuCl2âą2H2O in methanol solution has allowed isolation of blue crystals of composition Cu(MET)2Cl2âąMeOH. These crystals have been shown by X-ray diffraction to consist of mononuclear square-planar trans-Cu(MET)2Cl2 molecules in which the metronidazole ligands are trans to each other, as are the Cl ligands. The structure of this compound is very different from other compounds that have been obtained from the reaction between CuCl2âą2H2O and metronidazole, namely [Cu(MET)2(ÎŒ-Cl)Cl]2 and [Cu(MET)2(ÎŒ-Cl)(OH2)]2[Cl]2, which are dimers featuring bridging chloride ligands
Systematic Evaluation of Deep Learning Models for Failure Prediction
With the increasing complexity and scope of software systems, their
dependability is crucial. The analysis of log data recorded during system
execution can enable engineers to automatically predict failures at run time.
Several Machine Learning (ML) techniques, including traditional ML and Deep
Learning (DL), have been proposed to automate such tasks. However, current
empirical studies are limited in terms of covering all main DL types --
Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Convolutional Neural network (CNN), and
transformer -- as well as examining them on a wide range of diverse datasets.
In this paper, we aim to address these issues by systematically investigating
the combination of log data embedding strategies and DL types for failure
prediction. To that end, we propose a modular architecture to accommodate
various configurations of embedding strategies and DL-based encoders. To
further investigate how dataset characteristics such as dataset size and
failure percentage affect model accuracy, we synthesised 360 datasets, with
varying characteristics, for three distinct system behavioral models, based on
a systematic and automated generation approach. Using the F1 score metric, our
results show that the best overall performing configuration is a CNN-based
encoder with Logkey2vec. Additionally, we provide specific dataset conditions,
namely a dataset size >350 or a failure percentage >7.5%, under which this
configuration demonstrates high accuracy for failure prediction
Crystal structure of hexa-ÎŒ-chlorido-ÎŒ4-oxido-tetrakis{[1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2- methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole-ÎșN3]copper(II)} containing short NO2· · ·NO2 contacts
The title tetranuclear copper complex, [Cu4Cl6O(C6H9N3O3)4] or [Cu4Cl6O- (MET)4][MET is 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitro-1Î-imidazole or metronidazole], contains a tetrahedral arrangement of copper(II) ions. Each copper atom is also linked to the other three copper atoms in the tetrahedron via bridging chloride ions. A fifth coordination position on each metal atom is occupied by a nitrogen atom of the monodentate MET ligand. The result is a distorted CuCl3NO trigonalâbipyramidal coordination polyhedron with the axial positions occupied by oxygen and nitrogen atoms. The extended structure displays Oâ H â
â
â
O hydrogen bonding, as well as unusual short Oâ
â
â
N interactions [2.775 (4) A Ë ] between the nitro groups of adjacent clusters that are oriented perpendicular to each other. The scattering contribution of disordered water and methanol solvent molecules was removed using the SQUEEZE procedure [Spek (2015). Acta Cryst. C71, 9â16] in PLATON [Spek (2009). Acta Cryst. D65, 148â155]
Building the Foundation for a Health Education Program for Rural Older Adults
We explored rural older adultsâ perceptions of health to inform health promotion program development, using social marketing as our framework. Participants in seven focus groups viewed independence and holistic health as indicators of health and identified healthful eating and physical activity as actions to promote health. Barriers to these actions included physical limitations, social factors, financial considerations, motivation issues, and information confusion. Participants desired education that improves knowledge and skills, provides socialization opportunities, and occurs in familiar, affordable locations. Our findings can be useful to others developing health programming for rural-residing older adults. Also, we show that applying social marketing principles during formative assessment can be helpful in tailoring programs to audience interests and concerns
Rapid aggregation of global gridded crop model outputs to facilitate cross-disciplinary analysis of climate change impacts in agriculture
We discuss an on-line tool that facilitates access to the large collection of climate impacts on crop yields produced by the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project. This collection comprises the output of seven crop models which were run on a global grid using climate data from five different general circulation models under the current set of representative pathways. The output of this modeling endeavor consists of more than 36,000 publicly available global grids at a spatial resolution of one half degree. We offer flexible ways to aggregate these data while reducing the technical barriers implied by learning new download platforms and specialized formats. The tool is accessed trough any standard web browser without any special bandwidth requirement
Impact of preoperative therapy on patterns of recurrence in pancreatic cancer
AbstractBackgroundA theoretical advantage of preoperative therapy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma is that it facilitates the early treatment of micrometastases and reduces postoperative systemic recurrence.MethodsMedical records of 309 consecutive patients undergoing resection of adenocarcinoma in the head of the pancreas were reviewed. Survival was calculated using the KaplanâMeier method. Associations between preoperative therapy and patterns of recurrence were determined using chi-squared analysis.ResultsPreoperative therapy was administered to 108 patients and upfront surgery was performed in 201 patients. Preoperative therapy was associated with a significantly longer median disease-free survival of 14 months compared with 12 months in patients submitted to upfront surgery (P = 0.035). The rate of local disease as a component of first site of recurrence was significantly lower with preoperative therapy (11.3%) than with upfront surgery (22.9%) (P = 0.016). Preoperative therapy was associated with a lower rate of hepatic metastasis (21.7%) than upfront surgery (34.3%) (P = 0.026). Preoperative therapy did not affect rates of peritoneal or pulmonary metastasis.ConclusionsPreoperative therapy for pancreatic cancer was associated with longer disease-free survival and lower rates of local and hepatic recurrences. These data support the use of preoperative therapy to reduce systemic and local failures after resection
PRAJA is overexpressed in glioblastoma and contributes to neural precursor development
PRAJA, a RING-H2 E3 ligase, is abundantly expressed in brain tissues such as the cerebellum and frontal cortex, amongst others, and more specifically in neural progenitor cells as well as in multiple cancers that include glioblastomas. However, the specific role that Praja plays in neural development and gliomas remains unclear. In this investigation, we performed bioinformatic analyses to examine Praja1 and Praja2 expression across 29 cancer types, and observed raised levels of Praja1 and Praja2 in gliomas with an inverse relationship between Praja1 and apoptotic genes and Praja substrates such as Smad3. We analyzed the role of Praja in the developing brain through loss of function studies, using morpholinos targeting Praja1 in embryonic zebrafish, and observed that Praja1 is expressed prominently in regions enriched with neural precursor cell subtypes. Antisense Praja morpholinos resulted in multiple embryonic defects including delayed neural development likely through increased apoptosis. Further studies revealed high levels of Cdk1 with loss of Praja1 in TGF-ÎČ or insulin treated cells, supporting the link between Praja1 and cell cycle regulation. In summary, these studies underscore Praja\u27s role in mammalian brain development and Praja1 deregulation may lead to gliomas possibly through the regulation of cell cycle and/or apoptosis
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