27,966 research outputs found
Neuronal glucose transporter isoform 3 deficient mice demonstrate features of autism spectrum disorders.
Neuronal glucose transporter (GLUT) isoform 3 deficiency in null heterozygous mice led to abnormal spatial learning and working memory but normal acquisition and retrieval during contextual conditioning, abnormal cognitive flexibility with intact gross motor ability, electroencephalographic seizures, perturbed social behavior with reduced vocalization and stereotypies at low frequency. This phenotypic expression is unique as it combines the neurobehavioral with the epileptiform characteristics of autism spectrum disorders. This clinical presentation occurred despite metabolic adaptations consisting of an increase in microvascular/glial GLUT1, neuronal GLUT8 and monocarboxylate transporter isoform 2 concentrations, with minimal to no change in brain glucose uptake but an increase in lactate uptake. Neuron-specific glucose deficiency has a negative impact on neurodevelopment interfering with functional competence. This is the first description of GLUT3 deficiency that forms a possible novel genetic mechanism for pervasive developmental disorders, such as the neuropsychiatric autism spectrum disorders, requiring further investigation in humans
Understanding possible electromagnetic counterparts to loud gravitational wave events: Binary black hole effects on electromagnetic fields
In addition to producing loud gravitational waves (GW), the dynamics of a
binary black hole system could induce emission of electromagnetic (EM)
radiation by affecting the behavior of plasmas and electromagnetic fields in
their vicinity. We here study how the electromagnetic fields are affected by a
pair of orbiting black holes through the merger. In particular, we show how the
binary's dynamics induce a variability in possible electromagnetically induced
emissions as well as an enhancement of electromagnetic fields during the
late-merge and merger epochs. These time dependent features will likely leave
their imprint in processes generating detectable emissions and can be exploited
in the detection of electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational waves.Comment: 12 page
Time-domain Brillouin Scattering as a Local Temperature Probe in Liquids
We present results of time-domain Brillouin scattering (TDBS) to determine
the local temperature of liquids in contact to an optical transducer. TDBS is
based on an ultrafast pump-probe technique to determine the light scattering
frequency shift caused by the propagation of coherent acoustic waves in a
sample. Since the temperature influences the Brillouin scattering frequency
shift, the TDBS signal probes the local temperature of the liquid. Results for
the extracted Brillouin scattering frequencies recorded at different liquid
temperatures and at different laser powers - i.e. different steady state
background temperatures- are shown to demonstrate the usefulness of TDBS as a
temperature probe. This TDBS experimental scheme is a first step towards the
investigation of ultrathin liquids measured by GHz ultrasonic probing.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1702.0107
Bubble Raft Model for a Paraboloidal Crystal
We investigate crystalline order on a two-dimensional paraboloid of
revolution by assembling a single layer of millimeter-sized soap bubbles on the
surface of a rotating liquid, thus extending the classic work of Bragg and Nye
on planar soap bubble rafts. Topological constraints require crystalline
configurations to contain a certain minimum number of topological defects such
as disclinations or grain boundary scars whose structure is analyzed as a
function of the aspect ratio of the paraboloid. We find the defect structure to
agree with theoretical predictions and propose a mechanism for scar nucleation
in the presence of large Gaussian curvature.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
A relativistic parton cascade with radiation
We consider the evolution of a parton system which is formed at the central
rapidity region just after an ultrarelativistic heavy ion collision. The
evolution of the system, which is composed of gluons, quarks and antiquarks, is
described by a relativistic Boltzmann equations with collision terms including
radiation and retardation effects. The equations are solved by the test
particle method using Monte-Carlo sampling. Our simulations do not show any
evidence of kinetic equilibration, unless the cross sections are artificially
increased to unrealistically large values.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure
Y-System and Deformed Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz
We introduce a new tool, the Deformed TBA (Deformed Thermodynamic Bethe
Ansatz), to analyze the monodromy problem of the cubic oscillator. The Deformed
TBA is a system of five coupled nonlinear integral equations, which in a
particular case reduces to the Zamolodchikov TBA equation for the 3-state Potts
model. Our method generalizes the Dorey-Tateo analysis of the (monomial) cubic
oscillator. We introduce a Y-system corresponding to the Deformed TBA and give
it an elegant geometric interpretation.Comment: 12 pages. Minor corrections in Section
Extraordinary sensitivity of the electronic structure and properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes to molecular charge-transfer
Interaction of single-walled carbon nanotubes with electron donor and
acceptor molecules causes significant changes in the electronic and Raman
spectra, the relative proportion of the metallic species increasing on electron
donation through molecular charge transfer, as also verified by electrical
resistivity measurements.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figurre
Coreless vortex formation in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate
Coreless vortices were phase-imprinted in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate.
The three-component order parameter of F=1 sodium condensates held in a
Ioffe-Pritchard magnetic trap was manipulated by adiabatically reducing the
magnetic bias field along the trap axis to zero. This distributed the
condensate population across its three spin states and created a spin texture.
Each spin state acquired a different phase winding which caused the spin
components to separate radially.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
Effect of venting range hood flow rate on size-resolved ultrafine particle concentrations from gas stove cooking
Cooking is the main source of ultrafine particles (UFP) in homes. This study investigated the effect of venting range hood flow rate on size-resolved UFP concentrations from gas stove cooking. The same cooking protocol was conducted 60 times using three venting range hoods operated at six flow rates in twin research houses. Size-resolved particle (10–420 nm) concentrations were monitored using a NanoScan scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) from 15 min before cooking to 3 h after the cooking had stopped. Cooking increased the background total UFP number concentrations to 1.3 × 103 particles/cm3 on average, with a mean exposure-relevant source strength of 1.8 × 1012 particles/min. Total particle peak reductions ranged from 25% at the lowest fan flow rate of 36 L/s to 98% at the highest rate of 146 L/s. During the operation of a venting range hood, particle removal by deposition was less significant compared to the increasing air exchange rate driven by exhaust ventilation. Exposure to total particles due to cooking varied from 0.9 to 5.8 × 104 particles/cm3·h, 3 h after cooking ended. Compared to the 36 L/s range hood, higher flow rates of 120 and 146 L/s reduced the first-hour post-cooking exposure by 76% and 85%, respectively. © 2018 Crown Copyright. Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Quantum SUSY Algebra of -lumps in the Massive Grassmannian Sigma Model
We compute the SUSY algebra of the massive Grassmannian sigma
model in 2+1 dimensions. We first rederive the action of the model by using the
Scherk-Schwarz dimensional reduction from theory in 3+1
dimensions. Then, we perform the canonical quantization by using the Dirac
method. We find that a particular choice of the operator ordering yields the
quantum SUSY algebra of the -lumps with cental extension.Comment: 7 pages, references adde
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