Stabilizing a gaseous optical laser

Frequency of gaseous optical laser can be stabilized by sinusoidally modulating the geometry of the cavity. Fabry-Perot dielectric mirrors are mounted in two Invar blocks that are connected by four magnetorestrictive bars. Each bar has three coils to sinusoidally modulate system. Ac establishes frequency, and dc the average value; both are supplied to coil from control system

Method and apparatus for stabilizing a gaseous optical maser Patent

Gas laser frequency stabilized by position of mirrors in resonant cavit

Magnetotransport Study of the Canted Antiferromagnetic Phase in Bilayer ν=2\nu=2 Quantum Hall State

Magnetotransport properties are investigated in the bilayer quantum Hall state at the total filling factor $\nu=2$. We measured the activation energy elaborately as a function of the total electron density and the density difference between the two layers. Our experimental data demonstrate clearly the emergence of the canted antiferromagnetic (CAF) phase between the ferromagnetic phase and the spin-singlet phase. The stability of the CAF phase is discussed by the comparison between experimental results and theoretical calculations using a Hartree-Fock approximation and an exact diagonalization study. The data reveal also an intrinsic structure of the CAF phase divided into two regions according to the dominancy between the intralayer and interlayer correlations.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure

Women’s emotional and sexual attraction to men across the menstrual cycle

There is ongoing debate about how and why the menstrual cycle affects women’s attraction to men. According to the dual sexuality hypothesis, women form pair-bond relationships with men who provide care but also obtain genetic benefits by biasing mating effort towards men with high-fitness genes during the fertile phase. By contrast, the commitment hypothesis proposes that attachment bonds with primary partners function to strengthen pair-bond relationships by enhancing in-pair attraction at the fertile phase, rather than extrapair attraction. We tested these hypotheses by measuring women’s daily sexual and emotional attraction towards men over the whole menstrual cycle. We employed 1) a urinary luteinizing hormone test to determine the day of ovulation, 2) a 5-part classification of menstrual cycle that identifies a distinct peri-ovulatory phase, and 3) individualized phase identification for each participant. There was a mid-cycle rise in extrapair sexual desire. Women gave and received more care from partners during the menstrual than the mid-cycle phases. Partner’s sexual attractiveness and mutual commitment did not moderate these findings. The results do not support either the dual sexuality or commitment hypotheses, and imply that female self-reported sexual desire is not strictly dependent on cyclic hormonal changes. Our results are more consistent with a recently proposed `spandrel’ hypothesis, positing cycle phase effects as a nonfunctional by-product of raised estradiol. Additionally, we found that, with the date of ovulation estimated by luteinizing hormone tests, 45% of ovulations were misclassified by the backward counting method, which urges caution in interpreting results based on counting methods

Analyze the Human Movements to Help CNS to Shape the Synergy using CNMF and Pattern Recognition

© 2017 The Authors. The Biomedical Signals have been studied for developing human control systems to improving the quality of life. The EMG signal is one of the main types of biomedical signals. It is a convoluted signal. This signal (EMG signal) controlled by the Central nervous system (CNS). It has been a long time expected that the human central nervous system (CNS) uses flexible combinations of some muscles synergy (MS) to solve and control redundant movements. Synergy muscles activities are different in a single muscle. In the concept of Synergy muscle, the CNS does not directly control the activation of a large number of muscles. There are two main movements can help CNS to shape the synergy. The automatic body response and the voluntary actions. These activities remain not too bright. Some studies support the hypothesis that the automatic body responses could be used as a reference to familiarize the voluntary efforts. It has been validating by analyzing the human voluntary movement and the automatic mechanical motions from the muscle synergy. Based on the validation, there was a proposition that the automatic synergy motion may express some features which could support the CNS to shape the voluntary synergy motion using the nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF). Thus the target of the presenting work is to analyses the human movements from the muscle synergy to help CNS shapes the synergy movement by suggestion using the concatenated non-negative matrix factorization (CNMF) method and the pattern recognition method. Then compare the two results and see if that help CNS to shape the synergy movements and which method has more accuracy

Excitation spectrum of Bilayer ν=2\nu=2 Quantum Hall Systems

Excitation spectra in bilayer quantum Hall systems at total Landau-level filling $\nu=2$ are studied by the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approximation. The systems have the spin degrees of freedom in addition to the layer degrees of freedom described in terms of pseudospin. On the excitation spectra from spin-unpolarized and pseudospin-polarized ground state, this approximation fully preserves the spin rotational symmetry and thus can give not only spin-triplet but also spin-singlet excitations systematically. It is also found that the ground-state properties are well described by this approximation.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures; conference: EP2DS-1