Microarray-based global mapping of integration sites for the retrotransposon, intracisternal A-particle, in the mouse genome

Mammalian genomes contain numerous evolutionary harbored mobile elements, a part of which are still active and may cause genomic instability. Their movement and positional diversity occasionally result in phenotypic changes and variation by causing altered expression or disruption of neighboring host genes. Here, we describe a novel microarray-based method by which dispersed genomic locations of a type of retrotransposon in a mammalian genome can be identified. Using this method, we mapped the DNA elements for a mouse retrotransposon, intracisternal A-particle (IAP), within genomes of C3H/He and C57BL/6J inbred mouse strains; consequently we detected hundreds of probable IAP cDNA–integrated genomic regions, in which a considerable number of strain-specific putative insertions were included. In addition, by comparing genomic DNAs from radiation-induced myeloid leukemia cells and its reference normal tissue, we detected three genomic regions around which an IAP element was integrated. These results demonstrate the first successful genome-wide mapping of a retrotransposon type in a mammalian genome

コウシジョウ ノ 3テンガタ ノ ゴウドウ ルイベツ ニ カンスル イチコウサツ

The formulation of the upper bound of the number of the congruence classes for the extended triangles (named tripoints) on a finite two-dimensional rectangular lattice ((m, n)), N (m, n) is derived. It provides a very tight bound to the true value. The result may have applications in the problems related to a pattern recognition, an allocation of circuit elements or antennas, and the two-dimensional correlation

Nationwide survey of radiation exposure during pediatric computed tomography examinations and proposal of age-based diagnostic reference levels for Japan

Background: Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) have not been established in Japan. Objective: To propose DRLs for CT of the head, chest and abdomen for three pediatric age groups. Materials and methods: We sent a nationwide questionnaire by post to 339 facilities. Questions focused on pediatric CT technology, exposure parameters, CT protocols, and radiation doses for age groups <1 year, 1-5 years, and 6-10 years. Results: For the three age groups in the 196 facilities that responded, the 75th percentile values of volume CT dose index based on a 16-cm phantom (CTDIvol 16 [mGy]) for head, chest and abdominal CT were for infants 39.1, 11.1 and 12.0, respectively; for 1-to 5-year-olds 46.9, 14.3 and 16.7, respectively; and for 6-to 10-year-olds 67.7, 15.0 and 17.0, respectively. The corresponding dose–length products (DLP 16 [mGy・cm]) for head, chest and abdominal CT were for infants 526.1, 209.1 and 261.5, respectively; for 1-to 5-year-olds 665.5, 296.0 and 430.8, respectively; and for 6-to 10-year-olds 847.9, 413.0 and 532.2, respectively. Conclusion: The majority of CTDIvol 16 and DLP 16 values for the head were higher than DRLs reported from other countries. For risk reduction, it is necessary to establish DRLs for pediatric CT in Japan. © 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin HeidelbergEmbargo Period 12 month

カレイ ニヨル カオ ノ ヘンカ ノ ヨソク ガゾウ ノ セイセイ

With the aging of people, the face is suffered slow changes. Therefore it is often difficult to search for the missing child. And this topic is the most interesting one as a topic of the cognitive science. In this paper, we propose a simple method to simulate the aging of the face. First, by adding many faces, two average faces ; the younger one and the older one, are generated. Second, the component of aging of the face is extracted from the difference of two average faces. This component consists of the structure component and the texture component. Third, by adding this component to the subject person\u27s face, a face that is simulated the aging is generated. By this model-based method, relatively natural aging is simulated