Data Compression for optical movie data of the Tomo-e Gozen

Open House, ISM in Tachikawa, 2017.6.16統計数理研究所オープンハウス（立川）、H29.6.16ポスター発

MRI for Advanced Gastric Cancer : Especially for Scirrhous Cancer of the Stomach

We conducted MRI examinations in 92 patients with advanced gastric cancer, and evaluated the clinical potential of MRI for diagnosis of scirrhous cancer of the stomach. The feature of scirrhous cancer of stomach by MRI are ; 1) thick-ened gastric wall, 2) shortening of T1 and T2 values ; and 3) clear contrast between the gastric mucosae and cancer areas found in the T1 and T2 weighted images (preservation of the mucosae). MRI for scirrhous cancer of the stomach is thought a useful image diagnosis as an adjunct method to gastric X-ray and gastric endoscopy

Focal Hepatic Tumors Using Inversion Recovery Sequence of 0.1-T MRI - Basic : Clinical Evaluation Gray Scale Vs T1 Values

Optimum conditions for image quality contrast were studied with phantom method by means of MRI system (of constant conduction type ; 0.1-T) in order to detect tumor lesions of liver that show no distinct contrast by usual roentgeno-graphic methods. Signal intensity of liver, fat and muscle were maximally suppressed at 1000 ms of TR and 100 ms of TI by the short inversion time inversion recovery (STIR) method, resulting in distinct visualization of liver tumor with extremely good contrast. Clinical investigation with the usual T1- and T2- weighted images under the same conditions identified hepatocellular carcinoma in 22 out of 31 patients (37 of 58 nodules, 64%), cholangiocellular carcinoma 3 of 5 (3 of 6 nodules, 50%), metastatic liver cancer in 55 out of 68 (111 of 143 nodules, 78%), hepatic hemangioma in 32 out of 36 (41 of 47 nodules, 87%) and liver cyst in 8 out of 8 (100%). In contrast, hepatocellular carcinoma was visualized in 30 out of 31 patients (54 of 58 nodules, 93%), cholangiocellular carcinoma in 5 out of 5 (6 of 6 nodules, 100%), metastatic liver cancer in 66 out of 68 (139 of 143 nod-ules, 97%), hepatic hemangioma in 36 out of 36 (47 of 47 nodules, 100%) and liver cyst in 8 out of 8 (100%). The results suggest that STIR (TR : 1000 ms, TI : 100 ms, TE : 18 ms) is extremely useful in screening tumor lesions of the liver

A comprehensive analysis of the correlations between resting-state oscillations in multiple-frequency bands and big five traits

Recently, the association between human personality traits and resting-state brain activity has gained interest in neuroimaging studies. However, it remains unclear if Big Five personality traits are represented in frequency bands (~0.25 Hz) of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activity. Based on earlier neurophysiological studies, we investigated the correlation between the five personality traits assessed by the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), and the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) at four distinct frequency bands (slow-5 (0.01–0.027 Hz), slow-4 (0.027–0.073 Hz), slow-3 (0.073–0.198 Hz) and slow-2 (0.198–0.25 Hz)). We enrolled 835 young subjects and calculated the correlations of resting-state fMRI signals using a multiple regression analysis. We found a significant and consistent correlation between fALFF and the personality trait of extraversion at all frequency bands. Furthermore, significant correlations were detected in distinct brain regions for each frequency band. This finding supports the frequency-specific spatial representations of personality traits as previously suggested. In conclusion, our data highlight an association between human personality traits and fALFF at four distinct frequency bands

Regional homogeneity, resting-state functional connectivity and amplitude of low frequency fluctuation associated with creativity measured by divergent thinking in a sex-specific manner

Brain connectivity is traditionally thought to be important for creativity. Here we investigated the associations of creativity measured by divergent thinking (CMDT) with resting-state functional magnetic imaging (fMRI) measures and their sex differences. We examined these relationships in the brains of 1277 healthy young adults. Whole-brain analyses revealed a significant interaction between verbal CMDT and sex on (a) regional homogeneity within an area from the left anterior temporal lobe (b) on the resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) between the mPFC and the left inferior frontal gyrus and (c) on fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (fALFF) in several distinct areas, including the precuneus and middle cingulate gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, and cerebellum. These interactions were mediated by positive correlations in females and negative correlations in males. These findings suggest that greater CMDT in females is reflected by (a) regional coherence (regional homogeneity) of brain areas responsible for representing and combining concepts as well as (b) the efficient functional connection (RSFC) between the key areas for the default state of cognitive activity and speech production, and (c) greater spontaneous neural activity (fALFF) during the resting of brain areas involved in frontal lobe functions, default cognitive activities, and language functions. Furthermore, these findings suggest that the associations between creativity and resting state brain connectivity patterns are different between males and females