Validation of grounding line of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet derived by ERS-1/2 interferometric SAR data

We applied Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Interferometry (InSAR) in the East Antarctic marginal ice zone between 25°W and 40°E . ERS-1/2 tandem data received at Syowa Station in 1996 were mainly used. ERS interferograms with range-azimuth coordinates were transformed into World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) coordinates. For this transform, we used the RAMP (RADARSAT Antarctic Mapping Project) image which is already defined by the WGS84 reference system. Significant features in the ERS intensity image show similar textures to those in the RAMP image. By taking the above features in the ERS intensity image as ground control points of known WGS84 geodetic coordinates from the RAMP image, we assigned WGS84 coordinate values to any element in the ERS scene by a least-squares fitting with a second-order polynomial function. It is noted that the ERS InSAR scene has the same WGS84 coordinate system as the ERS intensity scene. We extracted and digitized grounding lines from the ERS InSAR scene as a curve of steeply changing fringe pattern at the ocean-continent boundary. Features of the grounding line in the Antarctic Digital Database (ADD) were monotonous as interpreted from blurring of the Landsat image on the ice shelf and the ice sheet. In contrast, InSAR-derived grounding lines delineated complex features as a result of ocean tidal motion at the ocean-continent boundary. For example, the ADD shows a peninsula around 15°E , but it actually is a group of snow-covered islands or ice rises. The positional discrepancy of the ADD grounding line from the InSAR-derived grounding line reaches 5000m around Riiser-Larsenhalvya, and about 1200m around Padda and Skallen

Ten years\u27 progress of Syowa Station, Antarctica, as a global geodesy network site

Progress of geodesy programs at Syowa Station since our former review in 1933 is summarized.As for Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI),Global Positioning System (GPS),and Doppler Orbitography Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellites(DORIS),Syowa Station isa participating station in an international network and hasobtained an International Earth Rotation Service (IERS)dome number.Time series of about /years show change of position by plate motion. Detection of vertical motion by glacial isostatic adjustment is still under investigation. More than 20000 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) scenes have been received from the European Remote Sensing satellite-1 and -2 (ERS-1/-2) and the Japan Earth Resources satellite-1 (JERS-1) by the Syowa 11-m multipurpose antenna. Several case studies by interferometric SAR analyses have shown characteristic features of the ice grounding zones,ice dynamics and Digital Elevation Model (DEM)estimates.As for absolute gravimeter (AG) measurements, Syowa Station is registered as the International Absolute Gravity Basestation Network (IAGBN)0417 point. Observa tionswith an FG5 gravimeter were made for two summer seasons 5 years apart, and they showed consistent results within 2μGal difference. The superconducting gravimeter (SG) observations with a TT70 (#016 ) produced many scientific results in the two streamlines of tidal bands and normal mode bands.Especially, the first evidence of incessant excitation of the Earth \u27s free oscillations (background free oscillations)is noted as an important contribution from the Syowa SG observations.The Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite will bring an important advance for the study of ice-water-air mass circulation and its interaction with the solid-earth.The local potential fields calibrated by connecting to the station observatory data should give appropriate ground-truth information for the regional-scale satellite data,which reflects the continuing important role of Syow

JARE Syowa Station 11-m Antenna, Antarctica

In 2012, the 52nd and the 53rd Japanese Antarctic Research Expeditions (hereinafter, referred to as JARE-52 and JARE-53, respectively) participated in five OHIG sessions - OHIG76, 78, 79, 80, and 81. These data were recorded on hard disks through the K5 terminal. Only the hard disks for the OHIG76 session have been brought back from Syowa Station to Japan, in April 2012, by the icebreaker, Shirase, while those of the other four sessions are scheduled to arrive in April 2013. The data obtained from the OHIG73, 74, 75, and 76 sessions by JARE-52 and JARE-53 have been transferred to the Bonn Correlator via the servers of National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT). At Syowa Station, JARE-53 and JARE-54 will participate in six OHIG sessions in 2013

Installation of the superconducting gravimeter CT(#043) at Syowa Station, Antarctica

During the wintering period of the 44th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE-44: February 2003 to January 2004), a new superconducting gravimeter CT(#043) with a cryocooler was installed and tested to replace the former TT70(#016) at Syowa Station, Antarctica. The CT(#043) has design sensitivity of 1nGal (1×10^(-11)m/s^2) to study the Earth\u27s dynamics in tidal and longer-period bands. A new type of diaphragm was used to effectively isolate the vibration from the refrigerator cold-head and to prevent solid air contamination from entering the Dewar. A real-time remote monitoring system including a Web camera for diagnostics from Japan has also been installed

Consideration of the Behaviour of a Wind Turbine Wake Using High-Fidelity CFD Simulations

During operation of a wind turbine, wake flow occurs behind the wind turbine, reducing the amount of power generation and the life of the downwind wind turbine. To understand wind turbine wake flow, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted using 'RIAM-COMPACT' to reproduce wind turbine wake flow. There is no significant difference in the flow field of the wind turbine wake between upwind-type and downwind-type turbines. In the 5D downstream of the wind turbine, the vertical distribution of the mainstream velocity component is almost the same regardless of the power of the inflow profile in the swept area. When the inflow wind has a wind direction change of up to 10 degrees, the wind turbine wake is quite diffuse, and its vertical distribution is in good agreement with the field measurements made by the vertical profile lidar

Validation of the effect of mantle inelasticity and latitude dependence through the observed tidal parameters

第2回極域科学シンポジウム/第31回極域地学シンポジウム 11月16日（水） 国立国語研究

Geodesy reference points within Syowa Station, Antarctica, and their local geodetic ties

In order to study geodynamics in relation to atmospheric, oceanographic and glaciological interactions on a global scale, adequate distribution of precise geodesy stations over the Earth is important. Syowa Station (69.0°S , 39.6°E ), Antarctica, serves as one of the observatories in the Southern Hemisphere. This report briefly summarizes the location coordinates of the geodetic sensors, and chronology of related activity as of 2005, based on standardized format sheets for each sensor monument. Exchange of these formatted sheets among Antarctic stations will give us a data base for reviewing and archiving geodetic activity in Antarctica. Local geodetic ties among their monument marks are updated from the results given by M. Kanao et al. (J. Geod. Soc. Jpn., 41, 357, 1995), including later surveying with improved accuracy

Frequency dependent Love and Shida numbers determined from GPS and gravimetric data at Syowa Station, Antarctica

第3回極域科学シンポジウム/第32回極域地学シンポジウム 11月29日（木） 国立極地研究所 ３階ラウン