CFD simulation using FLUENT and RANS3D - A validation exercise

The present work involves two-dimensional numerical simulation of three benchmark problems like (i) Laminar flow in a lid driven cavity (ii) Turbulent flow past a backward facing step and (iii) turbulent flow past NACA0012 aerofoil, using in-house flow solution code RANS3D and the commercially available FLUENT code. The results obtained using these codes are compared with the available measurement data and/or other computations

Treatment of idiopathic clubfoot by Ponseti method: a prospective evaluation

Background: From long time clubfoot has been a clinical challenge to orthopaedic surgeons. It is one of the commonest congenital deformity of the musculoskeletal system in children. Each year more than 1,00,000 babies are born with congenital clubfoot. 80% of which occur in developing countries.Methods: 60 feet in 40 children were treated by the Ponseti method from September 2014 to august 2016. Prospective follow up for a mean duration of 18 months was undertaken. The deformity was evaluated by Pirani score before and after the treatment. At the end of treatment all feet were functionally classified into good, fair and poor.Results: The average number of casts applied before full correction was 8. 21.66% of the feets needed tenotomy before full correction. 90% of the patients showed good results, 3.3% had fair results and 6.6% of patients had poor results. There was a significant difference in the pre-treatment and post-treatment pirani score values.Conclusions: Ponseti method of manipulation and plaster casting is very effective to correct club foot deformity.

Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders and its Correlation with Stress and Salivary Cortisol Levels among Students

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in students and to evaluate if any relationship existed between the stress levels, salivary cortisol levels, and TMD. Material and Methods: A total of 348 students, 187 female, and 161 male students, participated in this cross-sectional study. Students were evaluated based on the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD. The stress levels were evaluated using the Perceived Stress Scale. The students were divided into the control and TMD groups. Salivary cortisol levels in the salivary samples were analyzed. Results: The prevalence rate of TMDs was 30.7% in the study population. Of the female students, 61% had TMD compared with 46% of male students. Muscle disorders were the most predominant disorder in 14.2% of the students with TMD. The TMD group showed significantly higher salivary cortisol and stress levels than the control group. The TMD group also showed a moderate positive correlation between cortisol and stress levels (p=0.01). Conclusion: The study showed a strong association between salivary cortisol levels, stress, and temporomandibular disorders. Salivary cortisol could be used as a prognostic biomarker for stress while assessing the severity of TMJ problems in stressed individuals

Next-generation sequencing for endocrine cancers : Recent advances and challenges

Contemporary molecular biology research tools have enriched numerous areas of biomedical research that address challenging diseases, including endocrine cancers (pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, testicular, ovarian, and neuroendocrine cancers). These tools have placed several intriguing clues before the scientific community. Endocrine cancers pose a major challenge in health care and research despite considerable attempts by researchers to understand their etiology. Microarray analyses have provided gene signatures from many cells, tissues, and organs that can differentiate healthy states from diseased ones, and even show patterns that correlate with stages of a disease. Microarray data can also elucidate the responses of endocrine tumors to therapeutic treatments. The rapid progress in next-generation sequencing methods has overcome many of the initial challenges of these technologies, and their advantages over microarray techniques have enabled them to emerge as valuable aids for clinical research applications (prognosis, identification of drug targets, etc.). A comprehensive review describing the recent advances in next-generation sequencing methods and their application in the evaluation of endocrine and endocrine-related cancers is lacking. The main purpose of this review is to illustrate the concepts that collectively constitute our current view of the possibilities offered by next-generation sequencing technological platforms, challenges to relevant applications, and perspectives on the future of clinical genetic testing of patients with endocrine tumors. We focus on recent discoveries in the use of next-generation sequencing methods for clinical diagnosis of endocrine tumors in patients and conclude with a discussion on persisting challenges and future objectives

Empowering Farmers, Enriching Lives: The One Stop Solution for Agricultural Assistance

This paper presents the development and evaluation of an Agriculture Farmer App designed to assist farmers in obtaining personalized scheme allotments based on crop type, income, and land area. The app also incorporates Labor availability nearby to cater to the farmers' specific requirements. The research includes a survey-based analysis to gauge the farmers' preferences and needs. Additionally, the paper outlines the architecture for information dissemination and scheme management system

Empowering Farmers, Enriching Lives: The One Stop Solution for Agricultural Assistance

This paper presents the development and evaluation of an Agriculture Farmer App designed to assist farmers in obtaining personalized scheme allotments based on crop type, income, and land area. The app also incorporates Labor availability nearby to cater to the farmers' specific requirements. The research includes a survey-based analysis to gauge the farmers' preferences and needs. Additionally, the paper outlines the architecture for information dissemination and scheme management system

Prospective study of radiological and functional outcomes of humeral mid-shaft fractures by anterior bridge plating technique

Background: The humerus can be considered the most versatile bone in the human body. Can be successfully approached by a variety of methods for fracture fixation including functional bracing, plating (posterior, lateral, and anterior), and intramedullary nailing (antegrade and retrograde). Notably, many humeral fractures can be successfully managed conservatively due to the wide range of acceptability for reduction. Anterior bridge plating (ABP) which utilizes the minimally invasive approach popularly known as the minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) technique can be said to be the latest entrant in this list. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of ABP. Methods: The study was carried out from July 2020 to July 2022 in DR. D. Y. Patil medical college and hospital, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, involving 32 patients who met the selection criteria and were operated at the tertiary care centre. Informed consent was obtained from all the patients for use of their clinical and imaging data. Ethical committee approval was taken. The assessment of the patients was done based on functional and radiological outcomes periodically. Results: Majority of patients belongs to age group 18-25 years (46.87%). Majority of side of injury were found right side (65.62%). In most of the cases, the extent of the displacement of fractures were 2-5 cm (71.87). Conclusions: In conclusion ABP is a very good technique in treating mid-shaft humeral fractures with minimal soft tissue dissection, smaller scars, and early return to overhead activities

Needle(s) in the Haystack – Synchronous Multifocal Tumor Induced Osteomalacia

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Endocrine Society via http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2015-3854MG is supported by the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre

Prediction by Promoter Logic in Bacterial Quorum Sensing

Quorum-sensing systems mediate chemical communication between bacterial cells, coordinating cell-density-dependent processes like biofilm formation and virulence-factor expression. In the proteobacterial LuxI/LuxR quorum sensing paradigm, a signaling molecule generated by an enzyme (LuxI) diffuses between cells and allosterically stimulates a transcriptional regulator (LuxR) to activate its cognate promoter (pR). By expressing either LuxI or LuxR in positive feedback from pR, these versatile systems can generate smooth (monostable) or abrupt (bistable) density-dependent responses to suit the ecological context. Here we combine theory and experiment to demonstrate that the promoter logic of pR – its measured activity as a function of LuxI and LuxR levels – contains all the biochemical information required to quantitatively predict the responses of such feedback loops. The interplay of promoter logic with feedback topology underlies the versatility of the LuxI/LuxR paradigm: LuxR and LuxI positive-feedback systems show dramatically different responses, while a dual positive/negative-feedback system displays synchronized oscillations. These results highlight the dual utility of promoter logic: to probe microscopic parameters and predict macroscopic phenotype