Journal Staff

Half of the world's forest is in boreal and sub-boreal ecozones, containing large carbon stores and fluxes. Carbon lost from headwater streams in these forests is underestimated. We apply a simple stable carbon isotope idea for quantifying the CO2 loss from these small streams; it is based only on in-stream samples and integrates over a significant distance upstream. We demonstrate that conventional methods of determining CO2 loss from streams necessarily underestimate the CO2 loss with results from two catchments. Dissolved carbon export from headwater catchments is similar to CO2 loss from stream surfaces. Most of the CO2 originating in high CO2 groundwaters has been lost before typical in-stream sampling occurs. In the Harp Lake catchment in Canada, headwater streams account for 10% of catchment net CO2 uptake. In the Krycklan catchment in Sweden, this more than doubles the CO2 loss from the catchment. Thus, even when corrected for aquatic CO2 loss measured by conventional methods, boreal and sub-boreal forest carbon budgets currently overestimate carbon sequestration on the landscape

POLICY IMPLICATIONS OF RESTRICTED ACCESS STRATEGIES FOR MULTISPECIES FISHERIES

The commercial fishery that primarily targets king mackerel, stone crab, snappers, groupers and spiny lobster in Monroe and Collier counties is one of the most important commercial fisheries in Florida. These species currently face problems of overfishing and/or over capitalization. A dual-based restricted profit function is used to estimate the economic and technical interactions that exist in this multi-species fishery, primarily using own-price and cross-price elasticities of supply. It is found that the production technology does not exhibit input-output separability and nonjointness-in-inputs over all species groups. This result suggests that these key species may be more efficiently managed as a group, rather than with the use of existing single species regulations. Spiny lobster and stone crab, the dominant value species in the fishery, are shown to have very elastic substitution relationships with king mackerel.Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

The US Food and Drug Administration\u27s Proposed Rule to Increase Regulation of Indoor Tanning Devices

Tanning bed use, particularly among teen girls and young adult women, has become a modern-day epidemic in the past 20 years. Numerous studies have established the link between indoor tanning use and skin cancer, including melanoma. Reducing the harms of indoor tanning is one of 5 goals outlined in the 2014 US Surgeon General’s “Call to Action to Prevent Skin Cancer.”Consistent with the Call to Action, on December 22, 2015, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a proposed rule with the following restrictions for sunlamp products (ie, indoor tanning beds and booths): (1) to ban their use among individuals younger than 18 years; (2) to require prospective users to sign a risk acknowledgment certification; and (3) to provide user manuals to customers and tanning facility operators on request