143 research outputs found
冷温帯に生育する広葉樹種の肥大成長の制限気候要因に関する年輪年代学的研究
信州大学(Shinshu university)博士(農学)ThesisSHEN YUDONG. 冷温帯に生育する広葉樹種の肥大成長の制限気候要因に関する年輪年代学的研究. 信州大学, 2020, 博士論文. 博士(農学), 甲第86号, 令和02年03月20日授与.doctoral thesi
Generalized Two Color Map Theorem -- Complete Theorem of Robust Gait Plan for a Tilt-rotor
Gait plan is a procedure that is typically applied on the ground robots,
e.g., quadrupedal robots; the tilt-rotor, a novel type of quadrotor with eight
inputs, is not one of them. While controlling the tilt-rotor relying on
feedback linearization, the tilting angles (inputs) are expected to change
over-intensively, which may not be expected in the application. To help
suppress the intensive change in the tilting angles, a gait plan procedure is
introduced to the tilt-rotor before feedback linearization. The tilting angles
are specified with time in advance by users rather than given by the control
rule. However, based on this scenario, the decoupling matrix in feedback
linearization can be singular for some attitudes, combinations of roll angle
and pitch angle. It hinders the further application of the feedback
linearization. With this concern, Two Color Map Theorem is established to
maximize the acceptable attitude region, where the combinations of roll and
pitch will give an invertible decoupling matrix. That theorem, however,
over-restricts the choice of the tilting angles, which can rule out some
feasible robust gaits. This paper gives the generalized Two Color Map Theorem;
all the robust gaits can be found based on this generalized theorem. The
robustness of three gaits that satisfy this generalized Two Color Map Theorem
(while violating Two Color Map Theorem) are analyzed. The results show that
Generalized Two Color Map Theorem completes the search for the robust gaits for
a tilt-rotor
Four-dimensional Gait Surfaces for A Tilt-rotor -- Two Color Map Theorem
This article presents the four-dimensional surfaces which instruct the gait
plan for a tilt-rotor. The previous gaits analyzed in the tilt-rotor research
are inspired by animals; no theoretical base backs the robustness of these
gaits. This research deduces the gaits by diminishing the effect of the
attitude of the tilt-rotor for the first time. Four-dimensional gait surfaces
are subsequently found, on which the gaits are expected to be robust to the
attitude. These surfaces provide the region where the gait is suggested to be
planned. However, a discontinuous region may hinder the gait plan process while
utilizing the proposal gait surfaces. A Two Color Map Theorem is then
established to guarantee the continuity of each gait designed. The robustness
of the typical gaits obeying the Two Color Map Theorem and on the gait surface
is demonstrated by comparing the singular curve in attitude with the gaits not
on the gait surface. The result shows that the acceptable attitudes enlarge for
the gaits on the gait surface
Confidence-and-Refinement Adaptation Model for Cross-Domain Semantic Segmentation
With the rapid development of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), significant progress has been achieved in semantic segmentation. Despite the great success, such deep learning approaches require large scale real-world datasets with pixel-level annotations. However, considering that pixel-level labeling of semantics is extremely laborious, many researchers turn to utilize synthetic data with free annotations. But due to the clear domain gap, the segmentation model trained with the synthetic images tends to perform poorly on the real-world datasets. Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) for semantic segmentation recently gains an increasing research attention, which aims at alleviating the domain discrepancy. Existing methods in this scope either simply align features or the outputs across the source and target domains or have to deal with the complex image processing and post-processing problems. In this work, we propose a novel multi-level UDA model named Confidence-and-Refinement Adaptation Model (CRAM), which contains a confidence-aware entropy alignment (CEA) module and a style feature alignment (SFA) module. Through CEA, the adaptation is done locally via adversarial learning in the output space, making the segmentation model pay attention to the high-confident predictions. Furthermore, to enhance the model transfer in the shallow feature space, the SFA module is applied to minimize the appearance gap across domains. Experiments on two challenging UDA benchmarks ``GTA5-to-Cityscapes'' and ``SYNTHIA-to-Cityscapes'' demonstrate the effectiveness of CRAM. We achieve comparable performance with the existing state-of-the-art works with advantages in simplicity and convergence speed
Finger Vein Image Deblurring Using Neighbors-Based Binary-GAN (NB-GAN)
Vein contraction and venous compression typically caused by low temperature and excessive placement pressure can blur the captured finger vein images and severely impair the quality of extracted features. To improve the quality of captured finger vein image, this paper proposes a 26-layer generator network constrained by Neighbors-based Binary Patterns (NBP) texture loss to recover the clear image (guessing the original clear image). Firstly, by analyzing various types and degrees of blurred finger vein images captured in real application scenarios, a method to mathematically model the local and global blurriness using a pair of defocused and mean blur kernels is proposed. By iteratively and alternatively convoluting clear images with both kernels in a multi-scale window, a polymorphic blur training set is constructed for network training. Then, NBP texture loss is used for training the generator to enhance the deblurring ability of the network on images. Lastly, a novel network structure is proposed to retain more vein texture feature information, and two residual connections are added on both sides of the residual module of the 26-layer generator network to prevent degradation and overfitting. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed neighbors-based binary-GAN (NB-GAN) can achieve better deblurring performance than the the-state-of-the-art approaches
Modelling travel time distribution and its influence over stochastic vehicle scheduling
Due to the paucity of well-established modelling approaches or well-accepted travel time distributions, the existing travel time models are often assumed to follow certain popular distributions, such as normal or lognormal, which may lead to results deviating from actual ones. This paper proposes a modelling approach for travel times using distribution fitting methods based on the data collected by Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) systems. By this proposed approach, a compound travel time model can be built, which consists of the best distribution models for the travel times in each period of a day. Applying to stochastic vehicle scheduling, the influence of different travel time models is further studied. Results show that the compound model can fit more precisely to the actual travel times under various traffic situations, whilst the on-time performance of resulting vehicle schedules can be improved. The research findings have also potential benefit for the other research based on travel time models in public transport including timetabling, service planning and reliability measurement
Effects of Litchi chinensis fruit isolates on prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide production in J774 murine macrophage cells
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Litchi chinensis </it>is regarded as one of the 'heating' fruits in China, which causes serious inflammation symptoms to people.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In the current study, the effects of isolates of litchi on prostaglandin E<sub>2 </sub>(PGE<sub>2</sub>) and nitric oxide (NO) production in J774 murine macrophage cells were investigated.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The AcOEt extract (EAE) of litchi was found effective on stimulating PGE<sub>2 </sub>production, and three compounds, benzyl alcohol, hydrobenzoin and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfurolaldehyde (5-HMF), were isolated and identified from the EAE. Benzyl alcohol caused markedly increase in PGE<sub>2 </sub>and NO production, compared with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as positive control, and in a dose-dependent manner. Hydrobenzoin and 5-HMF were found in litchi for the first time, and both of them stimulated PGE<sub>2 </sub>and NO production moderately in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression and NF-κB (p50) activation might be involved in mechanism of the stimulative process.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The study showed, some short molecular compounds in litchi play inflammatory effects on human.</p
VisorGPT: Learning Visual Prior via Generative Pre-Training
Various stuff and things in visual data possess specific traits, which can be
learned by deep neural networks and are implicitly represented as the visual
prior, e.g., object location and shape, in the model. Such prior potentially
impacts many vision tasks. For example, in conditional image synthesis, spatial
conditions failing to adhere to the prior can result in visually inaccurate
synthetic results. This work aims to explicitly learn the visual prior and
enable the customization of sampling. Inspired by advances in language
modeling, we propose to learn Visual prior via Generative Pre-Training, dubbed
VisorGPT. By discretizing visual locations of objects, e.g., bounding boxes,
human pose, and instance masks, into sequences, VisorGPT can model visual prior
through likelihood maximization. Besides, prompt engineering is investigated to
unify various visual locations and enable customized sampling of sequential
outputs from the learned prior. Experimental results demonstrate that VisorGPT
can effectively model the visual prior, which can be employed for many vision
tasks, such as customizing accurate human pose for conditional image synthesis
models like ControlNet. Code will be released at
https://github.com/Sierkinhane/VisorGPT.Comment: Project web-page: https://sierkinhane.github.io/visor-gpt
The goose genome sequence leads to insights into the evolution of waterfowl and susceptibility to fatty liver
BACKGROUND: Geese were domesticated over 6,000 years ago, making them one of the first domesticated poultry. Geese are capable of rapid growth, disease resistance, and high liver lipid storage capacity, and can be easily fed coarse fodder. Here, we sequence and analyze the whole-genome sequence of an economically important goose breed in China and compare it with that of terrestrial bird species. RESULTS: A draft sequence of the whole-goose genome was obtained by shotgun sequencing, and 16,150 protein-coding genes were predicted. Comparative genomics indicate that significant differences occur between the goose genome and that of other terrestrial bird species, particularly regarding major histocompatibility complex, Myxovirus resistance, Retinoic acid-inducible gene I, and other genes related to disease resistance in geese. In addition, analysis of transcriptome data further reveals a potential molecular mechanism involved in the susceptibility of geese to fatty liver disease and its associated symptoms, including high levels of unsaturated fatty acids and low levels of cholesterol. The results of this study show that deletion of the goose lep gene might be the result of positive selection, thus allowing the liver to adopt energy storage mechanisms for long-distance migration. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report describing the complete goose genome sequence and contributes to genomic resources available for studying aquatic birds. The findings in this study are useful not only for genetic breeding programs, but also for studying lipid metabolism disorders. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13059-015-0652-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users
- …