72 research outputs found
Behavior Speak: Does Use of Behavior Jargon Affect Teacher Acceptability of Positive Behavior Interventions?
The purpose of the present study was to examine acceptability and usage among elementary school (kindergarten through sixth grade) teachers of a positive behavioral intervention described in jargon terms and in nonjargon terms during the process of behavioral consultation, as measured by the Usage Rating Profile â Intervention Revised (URPâIR). Specifically, the study evaluated whether elementary school teachersâ acceptability and usage ratings differed on a positive behavioral intervention described in jargon versus nonjargon terms. In addition, this study assessed whether differences in acceptability and usage existed when considering type of classroom (i.e., general education, special education, or specialized [e.g., art, gym, music] education). One hundred one elementary school teachers participated in the study. Results indicated that there was no statistically significant difference between acceptability and usage of a positive behavioral intervention when described in either jargon or nonjargon terms. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference when examining the type of classroom and acceptability and usage of the positive behavioral intervention when described in jargon or nonjargon terminology. These findings are congruent with previous research that found no difference in acceptability between jargon and nonjargon descriptions. The results have important implications for interaction with teachers and the use of jargon during the process of behavioral consultation
Patient Perceptions of Acute Phases of Rehabilitation Following Shoulder Arthroplasty
Background: Shoulder arthroplasty is a common procedure, but a lack of research regarding recovery and rehabilitation limits occupational therapists from providing appropriate education and support. The purpose of this study was to explore and understand the patientâs experiences in the acute recovery phase following shoulder arthroplasty.
Method: Twelve participants completed three semi-structured interviews in the first 6 weeks following surgery. A basic-interpretive approach was used before coding interview transcriptions into categories.
Results: The participants initially reported increased reliance on assistance and/or modifications in ADLs routines, such as dressing, bathing, and sleep. Interruption in sleep was reported because of pain and/or positioning restrictions, and frustration because of a lack of sleep and need for assistance was noteworthy. As sling usage decreased, the participants reported returning to ADLs with a coinciding reduction in frustration. Finally, the participants noted improvement in ADLs and IADLs and a return to tasks such as driving, cooking and meal preparation, and returning to social engagements. Overarching themes included presurgical expectations, advice, pain reduction, and general improvement in quality of life.
Discussion: Changes to patient education, including ADLs and IADLs assistance needs, may improve patient recovery. Occupational therapists specifically may improve recovery by using their understanding of arthroplasty, environment, routines, and other factors that affect sleep
Tobacco, hypertension, and vascular disease: Risk factors for renal functional decline in an older population
Tobacco, hypertension, and vascular disease: Risk factors for renal functional decline in an older population.BackgroundA decline in renal function with age has been noted in some but not all individuals. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors associated with a clinically significant increase in serum creatinine (of at least 0.3 mg/dL) in an older nondiabetic population.MethodsA retrospective case-control study was performed analyzing data obtained from 4142 nondiabetic participants of the Cardiovascular Health Study Cohort, all at least 65 years of age, who had two measurements of serum creatinine performed at least three years apart. Cases were identified as participants who developed an increase in serum creatinine of at least 0.3 mg/dL, with controls including participants who did not sustain such an increase.ResultsThere was an increase in the serum creatinine of at least 0.3 mg/dL in 2.8% of the population. In a multivariate âbest-fitâ model adjusted for gender, weight, black race, baseline serum creatinine, and age, the following factors were associated with an increase in serum creatinine: number of cigarettes smoked per day, systolic blood pressure, and maximum internal carotid artery intimal thickness.ConclusionsThese data suggest that three very preventable or treatable conditionsâhypertension, smoking, and prevalent vascular disease, which are associated with large and small vessel diseaseâare highly associated with clinically important changes in renal function in an older population
Watch your language! Does jargon matter?
The purpose of the present study was to examine elementary (K-6)teacher acceptability of a positive behavioral intervention described in jargon terms and in non-jargon terms during the process of behavioral consultation, measured by the Usage Rating Profile â Intervention Revised (URP-IR). Specifically, the study evaluated whether employed elementary (K-6) teachersâ acceptability ratings differed on a positive behavioral intervention described in jargon versus non-jargon terms. In addition, this study determined whether differences in acceptability existed when considering type of classroom taught (i.e., general education versus special education versus specialized classrooms). One hundred one elementary (K-6) teachers participated in the study. Results indicated that there was no statistically significant difference between elementary (K-6) teacher acceptability of a positive behavioral intervention when described in either jargon versus non-jargon terms. Specifically, the use of jargon did not significantly influence acceptability ratings of the same intervention. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference when examining the type of classroom taught and acceptability of the positive behavioral intervention when described in jargon or non-jargon terminology. These findings replicate those of Witt, Moe, et al. (1984) and Rhoades and Kratochwill (1992) who found no difference in acceptability between jargon and non-jargon described interventions. The results provide important implications for consultant interaction with teachers and the use of jargon during the process of behavioral consultation
The IASLC/ITMIG thymic epithelial tumors staging project: Proposals for the T component for the forthcoming (8th) edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumors
Despite longstanding recognition of thymic epithelial neoplasms, there is no official American Joint Committee on Cancer/ Union for International Cancer Control stage classification. This article summarizes proposals for classification of the T component of stage classification for use in the 8th edition of the tumor, node, metastasis classification for malignant tumors. This represents the output of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer and the International Thymic Malignancies Interest Group Staging and Prognostics Factor Committee, which assembled and analyzed a worldwide database of 10,808 patients with thymic malignancies from 105 sites. The committee proposes division of the T component into four categories, representing levels of invasion. T1 includes tumors localized to the thymus and anterior mediastinal fat, regardless of capsular invasion, up to and including infiltration through the mediastinal pleura. Invasion of the pericardium is designated as T2. T3 includes tumors with direct involvement of a group of mediastinal structures either singly or in combination: lung, brachiocephalic vein, superior vena cava, chest wall, and phrenic nerve. Invasion of more central structures constitutes T4: aorta and arch vessels, intrapericardial pulmonary artery, myocardium, trachea, and esophagus. Size did not emerge as a useful descriptor for stage classification. This classification of T categories, combined with a classification of N and M categories, provides a basis for a robust tumor, node, metastasis classification system for the 8th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer/Union for International Cancer Control stage classification
Obtaining Evidence in the Federal Republic of Germany: The Impact of the Hague Evidence Convention on German-American Judicial Cooperation
Are viable democratic government and effective foreign policy irreconcilable aims?.
http://www.archive.org/details/areviabledemocra00she
Neuroglial Choristoma of the Middle Ear with Massive Tympanosclerosis: A Case Report and Literature Review
Nutritional Quality of Natural Foods of Juvenile and Adult Desert Tortoises (Gopherus Agassizii): Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium Digestibility
Exotic plants can make up a major component of the diet for some Desert Tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) in the Mojave Desert. If introduced plants differ nutritionally from native plants, they may influence the growth and welfare of young tortoises. Minerals available from a native grass (Achnatherum hymenoides), an introduced grass (Schismus barbatus), a native forb (Malacothrix glabrata), and an introduced forb (Erodium cicutarium) were measured for juvenile Desert Tortoises voluntarily eating single-species diets. We offered tortoises weighed amounts of chopped foods daily for âŒ130 days (dry grasses; summer diet) or âŒ90 days (green forbs; spring diet). Orts and feces were collected daily and dried to constant mass, and calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium contents of food and feces were measured and used to calculate nutrient digestibilities. Overall, tortoises gained more minerals from forbs than from grasses. Tortoises lost small but significant amounts of phosphorus when eating grasses, which may have contributed to observed decreases in tortoise mass and shell volume on grass diets. There were few nutritional differences between native and exotic forbs or between native and exotic grasses. Comparisons of nutrient availability to estimated requirements for growth by juveniles and for egg production by adult females suggest that phosphorus is more limiting than calcium or magnesium and that calcium may pose a significant osmotic challenge for excretion in this desert species. Management practices that promote availability of forbs could increase growth rates and shell ossification, which would enhance predator resistance of juvenile tortoises
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