AN AYURVEDIC APPROACH FOR BALANOPOSTHITIS – A CASE STUDY

An inflammatory condition of male genitalia called Balanoposthitis is made of two words in which Balanitis means inflammation of glans penis and Posthitis means inflammation of prepuce internal part of skin genitalia (prepuce) and is common in uncircumcised population. It primarily occurs due to unretractable foreskin, poor personal hygiene, peeling off of epithelium, secretions from the glands provide damp, warm environment for growth of different organisms which makes the area susceptible for various infections. In the present case study a male patient presented with pain, redness, whitish discharge, greyish-whitish scales over glans penis, mild swelling in groin region and pain in the groin region. It is very much evident that any health issue that affects reproductive organ can also impact various aspects of life, causing anxiety stress, relationship problems or poor self-esteem. But routine examination of penis can create awareness if something wrong is detected. The basic focus of management in Balanoposthitis is to control the acute infection and prevent recurrence along with appropriate hygiene measures. In this case patient of Vat-Pittaj prakruti was successfully managed on Ayurvedic principles, by balancing the vitiated Kapha and Pitta dosha with Shaman chikitsa and encouraging results were found without any untoward effect during the 4 week course of management. Traditional system of medicine is a known wealth of herbs and has potential to manage various ailments of modern era

Estimating the Number of Out-of-School Children: Methodological Problems and Alternative Approaches - India Case Study

RLOsThis paper is a follow-up of the India Report on Out-of-School Children (United Nations Children’s Fund and the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, August 2014). The India Report was useful especially because it highlighted data quality and data contradictions among existing data sources on education. This paper used the same framework to examine several sources of education data from 2005, and the proportion of children in the 6 to 13-years age group who were out-of-school.ESRC-DFI

Maximum rainfall probability distributions pattern in Haryana –A case study

The present study has been undertaken to fit best probability distribution of rainfall in Ambala District of Haryana State. The analysis showed that the maximum daily rainfall among the years ranged between 41mm (1980) to 307.9mm (2009) indicating a very large variation during the period of study. The mean of maximum daily rainfall of all years annually is 112.13mm. The means of monthly and weekly values ranged from 33.10-88.92mm and 8.77- 46.28 mm, respectively. The maximum daily rainfall in a year/monsoon season was307.9 mm and monthly maximum daily rainfall in monsoon season ranged from 105 -307.9mm. The weekly maximum daily rainfall ranged from48 mm-307.9 mm. It was also observed that the minimum among the maximum daily rainfall was 41mm for annual, 34mm for season and 0 in all the months and weeks. The maximum value of coefficient of variation was observed in the first week which indicated a large fluctuation in the rainfall data set and minimum value of coefficient of variation 0.464 was observed for the whole year which shows that fluctuation was minimum for the whole year. Generalized extreme value distribution was found to be best fit probability distribution for most of the periods

The Effect of Amlodipine Alone and in Combination with Atenolol on Bowel Habit in Patients with Hypertension: An Observation

The prevalence of hypertension increases with advancing age. The management of hypertension especially in the elderly has its own limitations. Verapamil is not recommended in the elderly on account of high incidences of troublesome constipation. Amlodipine has become very popular with the cardiologists and general physicians. Survey of literature has not yielded any citation where the troublesome effect of amlodipine on the gastrointestinal tract has been reported. In an experimental study on isolated rabbit intestine we have demonstrated that amlodipine dose-dependently inhibit the spontaneous activity of the intestinal tract. With this background the present observational study was planned. A total of 100 hypertensive patients were included in the present study. Fifty patients were on amlodipine alone and 50 patients on combination of amlodipine and atenolol. The main parameter analyzed was the frequency and consistency of stool before and after intake of drug. The relative risk (RR) of developing constipation was 4.00 with 95% CI 0.8930 to 17.917 in amlodipine alone group. From this study it can be concluded that the relative risk of developing constipation is 4 times more in patients who are taking amlodipine alone as compared to those patients who are on combination of amlodipine and atenolol

Extractive Titrimetric Determination of Hg(II), Cu(II) & Ag(I) Using Lead Diethyldithiocarbamate

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Determinants and differentials of postpartum amenorrhea associated with breastfeeding among women in Bihar, India

Background: Postpartum amenorrhea is considered to be the conception variable and its affect natural fertility by    lengthening the inter-live birth interval. In societies where the fertility is not regulated through the use of contraception method there amenorrhea period can exert a dominant fertility inhibiting effect on fertility. In this paper we check differentials in duration of breastfeeding and Postpartum Amenorrhea (PPA), and to estimate mean duration of Postpartum Amenorrhea (PPA) associated with breastfeeding with influence of Scio-economic and demographic factors of ever-married woman who had given at least one but last birth in Bihar, India.Methods: Kaplan Meier Survival method use to estimate the duration of breastfeeding and postpartum amenorrhea and multivariate Cox proportional hazard model used to measure the effect of each category of each variable on the hazard function while controlling for the effects of other variables (and their categories) included in the model.Results: Duration of breastfeeding, parity, residence, contraceptive use have a significant impact on duration of postpartum amenorrhea (PPA) and empirical evidence indicates that longer and more frequent breastfeeding may increase the length of an ovulatory period. Mothers with a BMI greater than 18.5 kg/m2 resume ovulation faster and high mean for duration of breastfeeding than those with a lower BMI.Conclusions: Parity, age of mothers, survival status of child and socio-economic status of mothers are found to be the main influencing factors for the timing of postpartum amenorrhea and also duration of breastfeeding among mothers., it is expected that the findings may help in designing appropriate policies and programs for improving mothers' and children's health as well as for reducing the existing fertility level of a region where contraceptive practices is low

Super behaviour: a note on young Australian adults’ engagement with their superannuation accounts

We examine the behaviour and attitudes towards superannuation of 25-34 year old Australians. Our results suggest that they are generally uninterested in their superannuation accounts. They seldom read the information provided by their funds, rarely change their fund, and a majority of them do not make voluntary contributions. Overall the results suggest significant lack of interest in, and engagement and concern with issues related to their retirement planning

Compulsory or Voluntary Pre-merger Notification? Theory and Some Evidence

We compare the prevailing system of compulsory pre-merger notification with the Australian system of voluntary pre-merger notification. It is shown that, for a non-trivial set of parameter values, a perfect Bayesian equilibrium exists in mixed strategies in which the regulator investigates un-notified mergers with probability less than one and the parties choose notification with probability less than one. Thanks to the signaling opportunity that arises when notification is voluntary, voluntary notification leads to lower enforcement costs for the regulator and lower notification costs for the merging parties. Some of the theoretical predictions are supported by exploratory empirical tests using merger data from Australia. Overall, our results suggest that voluntary merger notification may achieve objectives similar to those achieved by compulsory systems at lower costs to the merging parties as well as to the regulator

Compulsory or Voluntary Pre-merger Notification? Theory and Some Evidence

We compare the prevailing system of compulsory pre-merger notification with the Australian system of voluntary pre-merger notification. It is shown that, for a non-trivial set of parameter values, a perfect Bayesian equilibrium exists in mixed strategies in which the regulator investigates un-notified mergers with probability less than one and the parties choose notification with probability less than one. Thanks to the signaling opportunity that arises when notification is voluntary, voluntary notification leads to lower enforcement costs for the regulator and lower notification costs for the merging parties. Some of the theoretical predictions are supported by exploratory empirical tests using merger data from Australia. Overall, our results suggest that voluntary merger notification may achieve objectives similar to those achieved by compulsory systems at lower costs to the merging parties as well as to the regulator