Relation between obesity and depression in a sample of patients in Isfahan, Iran

Background:Obesity and depression are two widely spread problems which are associated with many other health problems and major public health implications. Because of their high prevalence and the fact that they are both associated with common health problems such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, low bone mineral density and many others, a possible relation between obesity and depression has been tested repeatedly. In this study, the relationship between these two complications was examined among patients who visited the psychiatry department in Khorshid hospital in Isfahan, Iran.  Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted between 2006 and 2008 on patients in the psychiatry department in Khorshid hospital in Isfahan, Iran. The patients were interviewed by an experienced psychiatrist for the diagnosis of major depression. They were also interviewed by an experienced nurse for the collection of other relevant information.Results:1093 patients in total were examined during the study. The mean age (standard deviation) of the patients was 32.7 (12.6). 208 (18.8%) were diagnosed with major depression. 24.3% of patients with major depression were obese, versus only 13.8% of patients without major depression. Using a binary logistic regression model, major depression was associated with higher body mass index in men but not in women when other variables considered.Conclusion:These findings indicate that higher body mass index is associated with major depression, but this association is gender dependent. Further studies are needed to investigate the complexity of this relationship.

Intra-Abdominal Pressure Monitoring By Nurses For Early Detection Of Abdominal Compartment Syndrome And Early Decompressed Laparotomy In Comparison With Need To Laparotomy By Physical Exam.

Abstract:Background& Objective:Abdominal compartment syndrome is as potentially lethal condition caused by any event that produces intra-abdominal hypertension. The most common cause is blunt abdominal trauma. Increasing intra-abdominal pressure affects much vital body system. Hemodynamic, respiratory, renal and neurological abnormalities are hallmark of ACS. All authors are agreeing that decompression laparotomy is the treatment of choice for the ACS. Nursing care involves vigilant monitoring for early detection including serial measurement of intra-abdominal pressure (from urinary bladder). This study was designed to investigate the comparative effect of measurement of intra-abdominal pressure and physical exam in patient with ACS for refer the patients to operation room. Methodology:In this research ACS was defined as abdominal distention with intra-abdominal pressure ≥15 mm Hg (20cm H2O) accompanied by at least two of the following: oliguria or anuria, hypoxemia and hypotension or shock. When ACS detected by researcher, compared with diagnose of need to laparotomy by physician both timely and numerically.Results:Of 100 patients admitted over 8 months, 28 patients had abdominal compartment syndrome, 21 of this patients refer to operation room by physician. According to numeral comparison between two group not significant (P>.05) but according the time measuring abdominal pressure for detection of need to decompressed laparotomy significantly decreased than physical exam (p<.05).Conclusion:The ACS is a potentially lethal condition occurs in a significant number of severely blunt abdominal trauma patients and it develops quickly. Preventative therapy should be instituted to minimize its development in patients at risk and monitoring of intraabdominal pressure may allow prompt treatment of this condition rather than physical exam

Quality of Life and its Related Factors among Elderlies Living In Nursing Homes

Background & Aim: Elderly residents of nursing homes are one of the most vulnerable elderly populations and addressing the quality of these people’s life is one of the most challenging health issues in this century .The aim of our study was to determine the quality of life (QOL) and its related factors among elderlies living in Charmahal va Bakhtiyari nursing homes. Material & Methods: In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, 87 elderlies living in Charmahal va Bakhtiyari nursing homes were recruited by census. Data was collected by Short Form Quality of Life (SF-36) and then analyzed by independent t-test, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and regression analysis using SPSS-PC (v.15). Results: The mean score of total QOl was 41.56±18.59 and most participants scored lower than 50 for overall quality of life and each of its subscales. The highest and lowest quality of life standard deviation and mean score was associated with “physical performance” (47.70±20.55) and “Emotional role playing” (36.78±27.71) subscales. Also quality of life was associated with age, gender, educational level and satisfying with nursing homes (P<0.05). Moreover, QOL was mostly related with age (β=-0.537, p=0.000). Conclusion: The Quality of life of elderly residents of nursing homes was low, especially in emotional role playing subscale. Moreover, the quality of life of older ones and illiterate participants, women and those with lower satisfaction with nursing homes was lower. Accordingly, designing and performing appropriate training and supportive interventions to promote these elderly people’s QOL are recommende

Modular microporous hydrogels formed from microgel beads with orthogonal thermo-chemical responsivity: Microfluidic fabrication and characterization.

Despite the significant advances in designing injectable bulk hydrogels, the inability to control the pore interconnectivity and decoupling it from the matrix stiffness has tremendously limited the applicability of stiff, flowable hydrogels for 3D cellular engineering, e.g., in hard tissue engineering. To overcome this persistent challenge, here, we introduce a universal method to convert thermosensitive macromolecules with chemically-crosslinkable moieties into annealable building blocks, forming 3D microporous beaded scaffolds in a bottom-up approach. In particular, we show gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), a widely used biomaterial in tissue engineering, may be converted into physically-crosslinked microbeads using a facile microfluidic approach, followed by flow of the microbead suspension and chemical crosslinking in situ to fabricate microporous beaded GelMA (B-GelMA) scaffolds with interconnected pores, promoting cell functionality and rapid (within minutes) 3D seeding in stiff scaffolds, which are otherwise impossible in the bulk gel counterparts. This novel approach may set the stage for the next generation modular hydrogels with orthogonal porosity and stiffness made up of a broad range of natural and synthetic biomaterials. •This method combines well-known flow focusing microfluidic devices with facile post-processing steps to fabricate microporous scaffolds.•Temperature-driven physical crosslinking of the microbeads enables the facile purification of gel building blocks without further chemical reactions.•This method provides a simple approach to fabricate microporous scaffolds, which overcomes some of the challenges of newly emerging beaded scaffolds, including oxygen-mediated impaired crosslinking

Correlation between hope and mental health after mastectomy in breast cancer survivors

Background & objectives: Mastectomy is one of the main treatments for breast cancer that may stimulate a lot of psychological distresses in women’s life. It may affect the level of hope among women. This study was conducted with the aim of assessing correlation between hope and mental health after mastectomy in patients with breast cancer. Methods: This is a descriptive-correlational study that one hundred patients with breast cancer after mastectomy referred to Seyed-Al-Shohada hospital of Isfahan in 2013 were selected by the convenient sampling method. Data gathering tool were SCL-25 mental health and Herth Hope Index and data were analyzed by SPSS-17. Results: According to the results, 49% of the subjects�had high hope and among the dimensions of the mental health, depressive dimension owned the highest average�of score (3.05±1.72). Based on the Spearman correlation coefficient test, there was a direct linear correlation between hope and mental health (p<0.001, � � �=0.565). Conclusion:�Because of positive relationship between hope and mental health adopting the counseling psychology as the major priority in health centers should be considered by health officials and managers will play a key role to decrease mental health problems in mastectomy survivors

The Relation Between Body Esteem With Self Esteem And Perceived Social Support In Multiple Sclerosis Patients–Assessment.

Abstract:Background& Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disabled illness of that can highly effect on body esteem and self-esteem in patients. This study was to examine the relation between body esteem with self-esteem and perceived social support in MS patientsMethodology:This research Study was descriptive correlation that performed on 395 patients of the MS Society in Tehran by conveniencesampling. Data gathering tool was questionnaires of Body esteem, Self-esteem and Northouse social support. For data analysis, SPSS/16 was used.Results:The results showed that at Patients with MS, body esteem was in favorable level (42.25), self-esteem and perceived social support were at moderate levels (76.1, 39.5). Between body esteem with self-esteem and perceived social support and between self-esteem and perceived social support was significant linear relationship. Conclusion:Because of the impact of chronic diseases and complications of them on body esteem, self-esteem and perceived social support is undeniable and regarding that compatibility at chronic diseases as MS occurs faster with this factors thisistheresponsibility ofnursing that with recognizing factors of relatedincrease patient matching and sobe effective at their efficacyandself-care

Resource allocation for fog computing based on software-defined networks

With the emergence of cloud computing as a processing backbone for internet of thing (IoT), fog computing has been proposed as a solution for delay-sensitive applications. According to fog computing, this is done by placing computing servers near IoT. IoT networks are inherently very dynamic, and their topology and resources may be changed drastically in a short period. So, using the traditional networking paradigm to build their communication backbone, may lower network performance and higher network configuration convergence latency. So, it seems to be more beneficial to employ a software-defined network paradigm to implement their communication network. In software-defined networking (SDN), separating the network’s control and data forwarding plane makes it possible to manage the network in a centralized way. Managing a network using a centralized controller can make it more flexible and agile in response to any possible network topology and state changes. This paper presents a software-defined fog platform to host real-time applications in IoT. The effectiveness of the mechanism has been evaluated by conducting a series of simulations. The results of the simulations show that the proposed mechanism is able to find near to optimal solutions in a very lower execution time compared to the brute force method

Software defined fog platform

In recent years, the number of end users connected to the internet of things (IoT) has increased, and we have witnessed the emergence of the cloud computing paradigm. These users utilize network resources to meet their quality of service (QoS) requirements, but traditional networks are not configured to backing maximum of scalability, real-time data transfer, and dynamism, resulting in numerous challenges. This research presents a new platform of IoT architecture that adds the benefits of two new technologies: software-defined networking and fog paradigm. Software-defined networking (SDN) refers to a centralized control layer of the network that enables sophisticated methods for traffic control and resource allocation. So, fog paradigm allows for data to be analyzed and managed at the edge of the network, making it suitable for tasks that require low and predictable delay. Thus, this research provides an in-depth view of the platform organize and performance of its base ingredients, as well as the potential uses of the suggested platform in various applications

EVALUATION OF NUTRITION AND HEALTH RELATED NUTRITIOUS INTAKE KNOWLEDGE AMONG ATHLETES’ TRAINERS

Background: Individuals who have valuable knowledge on how the importance of adequate and balanced diet and this knowledge will on their behaviors which eventually considered to be more successful in sports life. The present study aims to evaluate the nutrition and nutrients imbalance related to the health knowledge among trainers’ athletes. Methods: The study sample consists of 203 voluntary trainers from the sport clubs and gyms. Modified questionnaire was used in the study and Chi-square and Pearson correlation test was used. Results: Athletes related fields were determined to have the lack of knowledge on nutrition and also nutrients deficit related to ill-health questions. It was more likely the trainers know some aspects of foods and nutrients such as role and sources of some foods, but the overall score showed 40-50% for nutritional knowledge questions. Furthermore, questions related to ill-health showed poor score (< 40%). There was no gender difference in related nutrition knowledge questions and also questions for nutrient and ill-health. However, significant differences were found between education levels in which positive correlation R= 0.2 (