Detector absorptivity measuring method and apparatus

A method and apparatus for measuring the absorptivity of a radiation detector by making the detector an integral part of a cavity radiometer are described. By substituting the detector for the surface of the cavity upon which the radiation first impinges a comparison is made between the quantity of radiation incident upon the detector and the quantity reflected from the detector. The difference between the two is a measurement of the amount of radiation absorbed by the detector

Regional influences on U.S. monetary policy: some implications for Europe

This paper looks at the monetary policy decisions of the U.S. Federal Reserve and asks whether those decisions have been influenced solely by national concerns, or whether regional factors have played a role. All of the Federal Reserve''s policymakers have some regional identity, i.e., either their positions explicitly carry some regional affiliation or their region of origin is a factor that must be considered in the selection process. This research is relevant for the Fed, and it may also be relevant for Europe''s fledgling central bank in Frankfurt. Critics have asserted that ECB policymakers have an incentive to base policy on national developments and respond to national political pressures. We find that Fed policymakers do take into account developments in regional unemployment when deciding monetary policy, and that these regional developments are more important for central bankers at the hub than in the spokes. These findings are robust to a variety of different specifications of the voting equation

Regional Influences on U.S. Monetary Policy: Some Implications for Europe

This paper looks at the monetary policy decisions of the U.S. Federal Reserve and asks whether those decisions have been influenced solely by national concerns, or whether regional factors have played a role. All of the Federal Reserve's policymakers have some regional identity, i.e., either their positions explicitly carry some regional affiliation or their region of origin is a factor that must be considered in the selection process. This research is relevant for the Fed, and it may also be relevant for Europe's fledgling central bank in Frankfurt. Critics have asserted that ECB policymakers have an incentive to base policy on national developments and respond to national political pressures. We find that Fed policymakers do take into account developments in regional unemployment when deciding monetary policy, and that these regional developments are more important for central bankers at the hub than in the spokes. These findings are robust to a variety of different specifications of the voting equation.monetary policy, central banking

Letter from Albert E. Sheets Jr. to O\u27Conner and Johnson Regarding State v. Stepp and Motion to Dismiss Appeal, 1920

Letter dated May 15, 1920 from Assistant Attorney General Sheets to Hiram Stepp\u27s lawyers O\u27Conner and Johnson referencing an enclosed a copy of the State\u27s argument concerning the proposed dismissal of the appeal.https://commons.und.edu/langer-papers/1091/thumbnail.jp

Letter to Asst. Atty. General Sheets to Fred J. Traynor in Regarding State v. Stepp Supreme Court Decision

Letter dated July 22, 1920 from Albert E. Sheets to Fred J. Traynor discussing details of the trial and the court\u27s decision to have the case retried, and says he would be glad to write to the Court on Traynor\u27s behalf to ask that the word misconduct be removed from the rationale for the retrial. See also: 1221, 1219https://commons.und.edu/langer-papers/1220/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Asst. Atty. General Sheets to Fred J. Traynor Regarding State v. Stepp, 1920

Letter dated June 29, 1920 from Albert E. Sheets Jr. to Fred J. Traynor referencing an enclosed notice Sheets has received from tthe Clerk of Supreme Court, in compliance with request I received from you some time ago. See also: 1221https://commons.und.edu/langer-papers/1219/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Albert E. Sheets Jr. to Fred J. Traynor regarding the Clerk\u27s Notice Letter for State v. Stepp, 1920

Letter dated June 1, 1920 from Assistant Attorney General Albert E. Sheets, Jr. to Fred J. Traynor, F******* D**\u27s attorney, informing Traynor that the stenographer failed to enclose the notice letter from the Clerk of the Supreme Court that Sheets had mentioned in a previous letter dated May 25, 1920. Sheets states that he he has enclosed the letter in this mailing. He also informs Traynor that because the Court is up to date on their calendar, the case of State v. Stepp will be brought on trial shortly after the respondent\u27s briefs are filed. See also: 1146https://commons.und.edu/langer-papers/1155/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Albert E. Sheets Jr. to Fred J. Traynor regarding Sheets\u27s presence in State v. Stepp dismissal, 1920

Letter dated May 15, 1920 from Assistant Attorney General Sheets to Fred J. Traynor, F******* D**\u27s attorney, informs Traynor that Judge Nuchols had to leave for Philadelphia and Sheets would be presenting the motion for dismissal of the appeal. Sheets details his thoughts on the dismissal, in which he states that he is of the opinion that the case not be dismissed.https://commons.und.edu/langer-papers/1092/thumbnail.jp

Effect of oxygen concentration on the structural and magnetic properties of LaRh1/2Mn1/2O3 thin films

Epitaxial LaRh1/2Mn1/2O3 thin films have been grown on (001)-oriented LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 substrates using pulsed laser deposition. The optimized thin film samples are semiconducting and ferromagnetic with a Curie temperature close to 100 K, a coercive field of 1200 Oe, and a saturation magnetization of 1.7muB per formula unit. The surface texture, structural, electrical, and magnetic properties of the LaRh1/2Mn1/2O3 films was examined as a function of the oxygen concentration during deposition. While an elevated oxygen concentration yields thin films with optimal magnetic properties, slightly lower oxygen concentrations result in films with improved texture and crystallinity